The influence of textese on adolescents’ perceptions of text message writers

Text messages are characterised by a casual language style, ‘textese’ (e.g., c u on thurs). This study investigated adolescents’ perceptions of the use of different levels of textese in digital messages which varied in their intended recipient (friend, teacher). Grade 8 students in Australia (N = 90, aged 13–14 years) each read six text messages purportedly written by a fellow student, and rated the extent to which they agreed (on a 7-point Likert scale) that the message writer was intelligent, paid attention to detail, used an appropriate writing style, and was friendly. Overall, participants rated message senders most favourably on all measures when they used no textese, and least favourably when they used high levels of textese. This pattern was even stronger when messages were addressed to teachers rather than same-aged friends. The findings suggest that adolescents are sensitive to both writing style and recipient when considering digital messages.     

Transmission of medical messages of patient using control signal of cellular network

The healthcare system needs to track and monitor patients’ status and information. One of the most important requirements is that the patient is able to access the service anywhere at any time. Systems are being developed using the Internet to monitor patients’ status, and in some areas, especially rural areas and motorways, the Internet may not be available, even though the mobile network is available. In some cases, the network might be overloaded, so the patient information cannot be delivered to the hospital or medical centre. We propose a new method that uses the spare extension of the random access channel (RACH), which is carried by physical random access channel (PRACH) to send the patient information to the medical centre. We present the mathematical model of the channel and compare the results with another system from 3GPP to evaluate the results. The results show that the proposed method needs less time to transmit the patient’s information.     

Technical note: Infusion,sampling, and vacuum-assisted collection devices for use in ruminally cannulated calves

Calves can be ruminally cannulated at young ages, but equipment size limitations preclude use of an infusion and sampling device in these small animals. Likewise, a procedure to easily evacuate rumen contents in young calves has not been described. Overcoming these technical complications related to assessment of ruminal passage kinetics, nutrient digestion, and volatile fatty acid absorption would aid in future studies advancing our knowledge of dairy calf nutrition. The first objective was to design and fabricate 2 devices (one device for infusion and sampling, and another for vacuum-assisted collection) suitable for use in young ruminally cannulated dairy calves. The second objective was to test the utility of these tools when performing procedures commonly used in ruminant nutrition research. A single weaned 62-d-old ruminally cannulated calf was used to evaluate the ability to infuse a solution of LiCoEDTA and sample rumen contents through the cannula cap over a period of 2 h to assess the rumen liquid passage rate (procedure 1). The device was capable of infusing the LiCoEDTA and sampling the rumen fluid, as evidenced by the presence of elevated Co concentrations in the sampled rumen fluid. Using the fluid samples obtained, liquid passage rate within the calf was estimated to be 40.2% of ruminal fluid/h. The second procedure tested the vacuum-assisted collection device and consisted of evacuating and weighing the rumen contents, which is considered a key preparatory step in washed reticulorumen technique experiments that aim to measure nutrient absorption. In agreement with existing literature, evacuated rumen contents represented approximately 4% of the calf's body weight. In conclusion, custom-built devices for infusion, sampling, and vacuum-assisted collection were efficacious when tested in a 62-d-old ruminally cannulated calf fed a diet of 100% texturized starter (18% crude protein, as-fed). Fellow scientists may employ and further modify these techniques to suit their needs when assessing passage kinetics, nutrient digestion, and volatile fatty acid absorption in calves.     

近距离煤层群采空区漏风规律及防控措施研究

贵州地区煤层赋存条件复杂,煤层间距小,相邻采空区存在漏风通道的问题。采用SF6示踪法及重点区域指标气体数据分析法,对发耳煤矿采空区漏风规律及其治理措施进行研究。分析结果表明,由于相邻密闭效果欠佳,导致31004开切眼联络巷及31004工作面回风巷密闭漏风严重。31004采空区漏风通道主要是31004开切眼联络巷密闭及10^#煤层开采过程中对上部7^#煤层采空区造成二次扰动形成的纵向漏风通道;漏风量为83 m^3/min,采空区风速约为0.17 m/s。对存在的煤自燃隐患采取了注水降温措施,CO体积分数显著下降至(5~9)×10^-6。为即将开采的50105、50107工作面的煤自燃防控提供了科学依据和管控措施方案。     

Three‐dimensional numerical simulations of smooth,asymmetrically roughened,and baffled culverts for upstream passage of small‐bodied fish

Traditional box culvert designs lead to development of high velocity zones in the culvert barrel that often impede upstream migration of fish. Herein, three‐dimensional Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes (RANS)‐ and Large eddy simulation (LES)‐based computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) simulations were performed to compare the effectiveness of smooth, asymmetrically roughened, and corner‐baffled barrels, in creating low‐velocity zones (LVZs) and providing opportunity for upstream passage of small‐bodied fish. The results revealed distinctive benefits provided by the asymmetrically roughened and corner‐baffled barrels relative to the smooth barrel. Cross‐sectional asymmetry, corners, and obstructions are important factors that contribute to the generation of LVZs conducive to fish passage, albeit contiguity of LVZs is required, particularly for weak swimmers. The study demonstrates the adequacy and effectiveness of CFD models to complement traditional laboratory studies in understanding basic mechanisms beneficial to fish passage and to provide insights into future designs.     

基于哈希链的软件定义网络路径安全

针对软件定义网络中，控制器无法保证下发的网络策略能够在转发设备上得到正确执行的安全问题，提出一种新的转发路径监控安全方案。首先以控制器的全局视图能力为基础，设计了基于OpenFlow协议的路径凭据交互处理机制；然后采用哈希链和消息验证码作为生成和处理转发路径凭据信息的关键技术；最后在此基础上，对Ryu控制器和Open vSwitch开源交换机进行深度优化，添加相应处理流程，建立轻量级的路径安全机制。测试结果表明，该机制能够有效保证数据转发路径安全，吞吐量消耗比SDN数据层可信转发方案（SDNsec）降低20%以上，更适用于路径复杂的网络环境，但时延和CPU使用率的浮动超过15%，有待进一步优化。     

深层长水平段页岩气井趾端压裂滑套的研制

为打破国外公司的技术垄断、解决国内深层长水平段页岩气井第一段储层改造面临的技术难题,在明确应用环境及施工要求的基础上,开展了结构设计、室内试验与评价、配套固井工艺研究,研制出了一种能够满足高温、高压固井及大排量压裂施工要求的趾端压裂滑套,并在四川盆地长宁—威远国家级页岩气示范区内的长宁H7-5井开展了现场试验。结果表明:(1)自主研发的趾端压裂滑套通过井口打压的方式打开,形成第一段压裂或泵送通道,可替代连续油管第一段射孔作业;(2)趾端压裂滑套采用内表面特殊涂层设计、内滑套上行开启结构以及压裂喷砂孔暂堵设计,可提高滑套在固井环境中的适应能力、降低固井水泥对滑套正常开启的影响;(3)趾端压裂滑套采用破裂盘破裂开启滑套的方式,可提高滑套的开启精度,保证在高温、高压条件下工具能够精确开启。结论认为,所研制的趾端压裂滑套现场工艺操作简单,工具性能稳定、可靠,开启精度高,各项指标均达到了页岩气水平井固井、压裂设计和施工的要求,提高了施工作业的效率,降低了作业的风险和成本,在深层长水平段页岩气井第一段储层改造中具有较好的推广应用前景,对于深层页岩气藏实现效益开发具有重要的现实意义。     

工作面注浆加固技术在快速过断层中的应用

为解决工作面回采过断层期间顶板破碎易片帮冒顶等问题，对11100工作面地质条件进行分析，对注浆加固机理进行研究，提出工作面注浆加固快速过断层技术。该技术采用调斜旋转回采和割顶留底回采方案，合理选取注浆材料，设计注浆参数，并对注浆效果进行检验。实践证明，通过断层区域的注浆加固，改善了煤岩体物理力学性质，提高了顶板稳定性和煤岩承载能力，结合对回采方案的优化，保证了工作面快速安全通过断层。