The Age-Sensitive Efficacy of Calorie Restriction on Mitochondrial Biogenesis and mtDNA Damage in Rat Liver

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most efficacious treatment to delay the onset of age-related changes such as mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the sensitivity of mitochondrial markers to CR and the age-related boundaries of CR efficacy are not fully elucidated. We used liver samples from ad libitum-fed (AL) rats divided in: 18-month-old (AL-18), 28-month-old (AL-28), and 32-month-old (AL-32) groups, and from CR-treated (CR) 28-month-old (CR-28) and 32-month-old (CR-32) counterparts to assay the effect of CR on several mitochondrial markers. The age-related decreases in citrate synthase activity, in TFAM, MFN2, and DRP1 protein amounts and in the mtDNA content in the AL-28 group were prevented in CR-28 counterparts. Accordingly, CR reduced oxidative mtDNA damage assessed through the incidence of oxidized purines at specific mtDNA regions in CR-28 animals. These findings support the anti-aging effect of CR up to 28 months. Conversely, the protein amounts of LonP1, Cyt c, OGG1, and APE1 and the 4.8 Kb mtDNA deletion content were not affected in CR-28 rats. The absence of significant differences between the AL-32 values and the CR-32 counterparts suggests an age-related boundary of CR efficacy at this age. However, this only partially curtails the CR benefits in counteracting the generalized aging decline and the related mitochondrial involvement.     

Elliptical distribution-based weight-determining method for ordered weighted averaging operators

The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators play a crucial role in aggregating multiple criteria evaluations into an overall assessment supporting the decision makers’ choice. One key point steps is to determine the associated weights. In this paper, we first briefly review some main methods for determining the weights by using distribution functions. Then we propose a new approach for determining OWA weights by using the regular increasing monotone quantifier. Motivated by the idea of normal distribution-based method to determine the OWA weights, we develop a method based on elliptical distributions for determining the OWA weights, and some of its desirable properties have been investigated.     

Maternal Malnutrition Affects Hepatic Metabolism through Decreased Hepatic Taurine Levels and Changes in HNF4A Methylation

Fetal programming implies that the maternal diet during pregnancy affects the long-term health of offspring. Although maternal diet influences metabolic disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in offspring, the hepatic mechanisms related to metabolites are still unknown. Here, we investigated the maternal diet-related alterations in metabolites and the biological pathway in male offspring at three months of age. Pregnant rats were exposed to 50% food restriction during the prenatal period or a 45% high-fat diet during the prenatal and postnatal periods. The male offspring exposed to food restriction and high-fat diets had lower birth weights than controls, but had a catch-up growth spurt at three months of age. Hepatic taurine levels decreased in both groups compared to controls. The decreased hepatic taurine levels in offspring affected excessive lipid accumulation through changes in hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 A methylation. Moreover, the alteration of gluconeogenesis in offspring exposed to food restriction was observed to a similar extent as that of offspring exposed to a high fat diet. These results indicate that maternal diet affects the dysregulation in hepatic metabolism through changes in taurine levels and HNF4A methylation, and predisposes the offspring to Type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in later life.     

设置预制刚性垫块的梁端约束力矩非线性有限元分析

通过有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了设置预制刚性垫块的承重纵墙的梁端约束力矩,并将有限元分析结果与梁端固端弯矩进行了比较,讨论了梁端约束力矩的变化规律。     

无标底最低价招标的工程实践

分析了有标底工程招标的不足，并结合工程实践，阐述了在无标底最低价招标工程中应采取的一些有效办法，提出了无标底招标应注意的几个问题。     

基于GIS空间分析的变电站空间布局规划研究——以北京为例

城市电网规划既是电力系统发展规划的基本内容之一,也是城市规划的重要组成部分。其中,变电站空间布局是城市电网规划的主要内容之一。地理信息系统(GIS)强大的数据处理与分析功能为电力设施科学规划选址提供了可能。本文利用GIS空间分析技术,结合经改良的变电站选址模型,提出了一套较完整的变电站空间布局计算方法。采用该方法,在变电站建设时可以有效避免"站群"矛盾,避免规划与电力行业管理相脱节等问题。     

带砌体填充墙结构在地震作用下的安全性质疑

震害和分析证明,填充墙的刚度效应能够较大地增加结构的层间侧移刚度,填充墙和框架梁的组合 抗弯刚度要远大于原有框架梁的抗弯刚度。在可能存在薄弱层、扭转破坏以及强梁弱柱情况时,规范应明确 考虑填充墙的刚度效应,并把薄弱层附近的上下层侧移刚度比控制在1.3～2之间。规范没有考虑填充墙的约 束效应可能使短肢剪力墙变为矮墙,框架梁变为短梁,针对这两种情况带来的不安全性,建议规范补充改进措 施。地震作用下填充墙有可能产生平面外破坏,建议规范对填充墙的高厚比进行限值,并适当提高对填充墙 中块体和砂浆的强度要求。