开关磁阻电机结构性转矩脉动抑制方法

开关磁阻电机具有结构简单、成本低和调速范围广等优势,但其双凸极结构和控制器的开关特性,导致存在转矩脉动现象,使得抑制转矩脉动成为焦点问题。首先从开关磁阻电机的结构和运行机理出发,针对线性解析方法难以分析转矩特征的问题,建立电机有限元模型求解出转矩特征并进行样机验证试验。分析样机结构参数对转矩脉动的影响,针对结构参数耦合问题,选择NSGA-Ⅱ算法在参数优化平台上对样机结构参数进行多目标寻优,在保证优化后样机的转矩脉动系数和平均转矩均优于初始电机的条件下,最终获得样机最优化结果。结果表明,不同结构参数对电机转矩的影响有较大的差异,对结构参数的优化能有效地抑制转矩脉动,该参数优化方法可以为开关磁阻电机结构性转矩脉动抑制提供参考。     

Multiobjective PSO based adaption of neural network topology for pixel classification in satellite imagery

The proposed work involves the multiobjective PSO based adaption of optimal neural network topology for the classification of multispectral satellite images. It is per pixel supervised classification using spectral bands (original feature space). This paper also presents a thorough experimental analysis to investigate the behavior of neural network classifier for given problem. Based on 1050 number of experiments, we conclude that following two critical issues needs to be addressed: (1) selection of most discriminative spectral bands and (2) determination of optimal number of nodes in hidden layer. We propose new methodology based on multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) technique to determine discriminative spectral bands and the number of hidden layer node simultaneously. The accuracy with neural network structure thus obtained is compared with that of traditional classifiers like MLC and Euclidean classifier. The performance of proposed classifier is evaluated quantitatively using Xie-Beni and β indexes. The result shows the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional one.     

基于时频域的卷积神经网络运动想象脑电信号识别方法

针对目前运动想象脑电（EEG）信号识别率较低的问题，考虑到脑电信号蕴含着丰富的时频信息，提出一种基于时频域的卷积神经网络（CNN）运动想象脑电信号识别方法。首先，利用短时傅里叶变换（STFT）对脑电信号的相关频带进行预处理，并将多个电极的时频图组合构造出一种二维时频图；然后，针对二维时频图的时频特性，通过一维卷积的方法设计了一种新颖的CNN结构；最后，通过支持向量机（SVM）对CNN提取的特征进行分类。基于BCI数据集的实验结果表明，所提方法的平均识别率为86.5%，优于其他传统运动想象脑电信号识别方法；同时将该方法应用在智能轮椅上，验证了其有效性。     

Robust Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

In this paper, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are investigated. According to the feature of PMSMs, a novel state equation of PMSMs is obtained by choosing suitable state variables. Based on the state equation, robust controllers are designed via interval matrix and PI control idea. In terms of bilinear matrix inequations, sufficient conditions for the existence of the robust controller are derived. In order to reduce the conservation and the dependence on parameter, the control inputs of PMSMs are divided into two parts, a feedforward control input and a feedback control input, and relevant sufficient conditions for the existence of the controller are obtained. Because of the suitable choice of state variables, the proposed control strategies can cope with the load uncertainty and have robustness for disturbance. Finally, simulations are carried out via Matlab/Simulink soft to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies. The performance of the proposed control strategies are demonstrated by the simulation results.      

Characterizing physical habitat preferences and thermal refuge occupancy of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at high river temperatures

Anthropogenic influences, including climate change, are increasing river temperatures in northern and temperate regions and threatening the thermal habitats of native salmonids. When river temperatures exceed the tolerance levels of brook trout and Atlantic salmon, individuals exhibit behavioural thermoregulation by seeking out cold‐water refugia – often created by tributaries and groundwater discharge. Thermal infrared (TIR) imagery was used to map cold‐water anomalies along a 53 km reach of the Cains River, New Brunswick. Trout and salmon parr did not use all identified thermal anomalies as refugia during higher river temperature periods (>21°C). Most small‐bodied trout (8–30 cm) were observed in 80% of the thermal anomalies sampled. Large‐bodied trout (>35 cm) required a more specific set of physical habitat conditions for suitable refugia, that is, 100% of observed large trout used 30% of the anomalies sampled and required water depths >65 cm within or adjacent to the anomaly. Densities of trout were significantly higher within anomalies compared with areas of ambient river temperature. Salmon parr were less aligned with thermal anomalies at the observed temperatures, that is, 59% were found in 65% of the sampled anomalies; and densities were not significantly different within/ outside anomalies. Salmon parr appeared to aggregate at 27°C, and after several events over 27°C variability in aggregation behaviour was observed – some fish aggregated at 25°C, others did not. We stipulate this is due to variances of thermal fatigue. Habitat suitability curves were developed for velocity, temperature, depth, substrate, and deep water availability to characterize conditions preferred by fish during high‐temperature events. These findings are useful for managers as our climate warms, and can potentially be used as a tool to help conserve and enhance thermal refugia for brook trout and Atlantic salmon in similar systems.     

开关磁阻直线电机的设计及其推力优化

设计了一种开关磁阻直线电机,使用JMAG软件对其进行了仿真和优化。进行了推力公式的推导,研究了导通顺序和初始位置对电机推力的影响,并分析了三种典型情况的磁力线分布。对电机的定子和动子的齿部和轭部高度、宽度及铁耗进行仿真优化,得出了最优参数。将有取向硅钢应用于该电机,研究了推力与轧制角的关系,并与使用普通硅钢的开关磁阻直线电机进行了对比,推力有一定提升。提出在动子齿部开切向槽的方案,结果表明,开切向槽对推力的影响较小,并能显著减小推力波动。     

基于AMESim的液压马达加载系统研究

液压马达作为液压系统的执行元件在工程机械上广泛应用,针对液压马达加载工况下的输出特性,利用Simulink和AMESim软件对系统进行联合仿真建模,并对系统的运行状态、控制性能、回收性能进行研究,对液压马达加载系统的设计和改进具有重要的参考意义。     

Creating the brain and interacting with the brain: an integrated approach to understanding the brain

In the past two decades, brain science and robotics have made gigantic advances in their own fields, and their interactions have generated several interdisciplinary research fields. First, in the ‘understanding the brain by creating the brain’ approach, computational neuroscience models have been applied to many robotics problems. Second, such brain-motivated fields as cognitive robotics and developmental robotics have emerged as interdisciplinary areas among robotics, neuroscience and cognitive science with special emphasis on humanoid robots. Third, in brain–machine interface research, a brain and a robot are mutually connected within a closed loop. In this paper, we review the theoretical backgrounds of these three interdisciplinary fields and their recent progress. Then, we introduce recent efforts to reintegrate these research fields into a coherent perspective and propose a new direction that integrates brain science and robotics where the decoding of information from the brain, robot control based on the decoded information and multimodal feedback to the brain from the robot are carried out in real time and in a closed loop.     

变频调速系统中电动机和变频器选择及问题分析

本文分析了选用标准笼形电动机的容量计算方法、问题分析和选用变频器的型式、容量、注意事项。     

三相交流电动机启动过程参数数值模拟

提出一种进行模拟计算电动机启动过程中各参数的新方法。利用电机运行理论,结合物体定轴转动定律,推导出电机运行参数随时间变化的函数关系式。将计算公式离散化后,对电机启动过程运行规律进行求解。实例计算了一种型号潜油三相电动机启动时电动机定子电流、转子电流、激磁电流、扭转力矩、转速参数及效率参数等随时间或转差率的变化规律,其变化曲线与试验结果基本一致,说明提出的计算方法是有效、正确、适用的。