Fabrication and Characterization of Highly Oriented Composite Nanofibers with Excellent Mechanical Strength and Thermal Stability

Here, highly‐oriented poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile multi‐walled carbon nanotube (PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT) composite nanofiber membranes with excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability are successfully produced using electrospinning. It is demonstrated that the cooperation of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and high‐speed rotating collection is beneficial to the acquisition of highly oriented fibers and effectively improves the mechanical strength of the membrane along the orientation direction. Specifically, the tensile stress of poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile (PMIA/PAN) membrane is enhanced significantly from 10.6 to 20.7 MPa, benefiting from the highly oriented alignment of the fibers as well as the reinforcing effect of MWCNTs on the fibers. Furthermore, the stressing process of single fiber and fiber aggregates is carefully simulated, and the influence of MWCNTs on the mechanical properties of PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT membranes is analyzed comprehensively, providing a meaningful auxiliary means for the study of mechanical properties. In addition, the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of both PMIA and PAN, possessing high temperature resistance, flame‐retardancy, and chemical stability, for an ideal high‐temperature material. In short, the as‐prepared PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT composite membrane with excellent comprehensive property emerges a promising application in many fields, especially in high‐tech.     

2016年上海市市售肉制品中沙门菌耐药谱与分型研究

目的 研究上海市市售肉制品中沙门菌血清型、耐药谱和分子分型特征。方法 2016年1～8月在上海市所辖16个行政区,随机选择1个密集型社区,抽取1家超市或市场作为哨点,定期采集畜、禽类肉制品,按国家食品安全风险评估中心(CFSA)食源性疾病监测方案进行沙门菌分离、血清分型、抗生素定量检测与剂量评估、优势菌的分子分型。结果 606份样品包括猪、鸡、鸭、牛、羊、鹅肉制品,共分离沙门菌158株,总阳性率为26.1%,畜肉和禽肉来源分别占52.5%(83/158)和47.5%(75/158)。前5位沙门菌血清型依次为肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌、德尔卑沙门菌、罗森沙门菌和印第安纳沙门菌,畜肉和禽肉来源优势菌型间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；菌株对磺胺异噁唑耐药率最高(79.7%,126/158),对链霉素、萘啶酸、氨苄西林、四环素和氯霉素耐药率在38.0%～77.8%,多重耐药(MDR)菌株(≥3类)占77.8%(123/158),猪肉来源沙门菌对庆大霉素、链霉素、磺胺异噁唑、复方新诺明、氯霉素、四环素耐药率均高于鸡肉来源沙门菌,鸡肉来源沙门菌对头孢噻呋、头孢曲松、萘啶酸耐药率均高于猪肉来源沙门菌,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),32.9%(52/158)的菌株对至少6种抗生素超检测限值；肠炎沙门菌有15个分型,以1型和3型为优势型；鼠伤寒沙门菌有23个分型,具有遗传多样性特征。结论 上海市市售肉制品沙门菌暴露以猪肉和鸡肉来源为主,肉制品中多重耐药沙门菌污染严重。猪肉来源的罗森沙门菌和鸡肉来源的吉韦沙门菌是新输入性的血清型。     

多尺度高阶FDTD逆时偏移在煤田地震勘探中的应用

目前煤田地震勘探的主要难点是深部复杂构造的成像。随着逆时偏移技术的发展，针对煤田地震勘探，如何在保证偏移成像精度的前提下，提高成像计算效率是急需解决的问题之一。从成像区域网格离散化的角度出发，针对高速层过采样和低速夹层采样不足问题，提出赋予研究对象多尺度网格的概念，具有较好的灵活性，能够对同一个地质模型采用疏密结合的方式成像。首先，根据速度模型设计多尺度网格模型，低速区域采用小尺度网格覆盖，高速区域采用大尺度网格覆盖;其次，采用高阶FDTD方法计算多尺度模型内各点的波场值，尤其过渡带内的点;最后，根据成像条件完成地下介质的逆时偏移成像。实验结果表明在保证模拟相同阶数精度条件下，多尺度逆时偏移方法比传统方法计算效率平均提升25.05%。     

基于CPFD多密度矿粒流化与分选特性研究

本文基于一种流态化干法选矿装置，实现在约束环境下对多密度矿粒进行分离。通过矿物分选机理研究、利用Barracuda计算平台探索适用于干法选矿装置内气固流动模拟的计算颗粒流体力学（CPFD）仿真计算，并与实验研究相结合，对多密度矿粒分选特性进行研究。结果表明：当风速4.2m/s，矿粒W在分布距离170mm处分选品位较好，在开口为4mm时品位可达10.655%，回收率达88.6%；矿粒Mn在分布距离270mm处矿粒富集程度最佳，开口为3mm时品位达到最大值48.3%，回收率达80.9%。本文研究成果对风力干法选矿技术具有参考意义。     

HSDN‐GRA: A hybrid software‐defined networking‐based geographic routing protocol with multi‐agent approach

We propose in this paper a Hybrid Software‐Defined Networking‐based Geographical Routing Protocol (HSDN‐GRA) with a clustering approach. It takes into account three different criteria to select the best relay to send data: (1) the contact duration between vehicles, (2) the available load of each vehicle, (3) and the log of encountered communication errors embedded in each cluster head. The multi‐criteria strategy allows the selection of the most reliable vehicles by avoiding communication problems and ensuring connection availability. Once the hybrid control plane has found out the next eligible neighbor, the data plane will be in charge of dividing and sending data. To validate our approach, HSDN‐GRA has been modeled and implemented in JADE, a multi‐agent platform, to be compared to other multi‐agent based protocols. Simulation results show that HSDN‐GRA achieves good performance with respect to the average routing overhead, the packet drop rate, and the throughput.     

硬孔攻丝用高性能先端丝锥的设计及应用

热后硬孔攻丝螺纹变形量小、尺寸稳定、强度高。该工艺方法对刀具强度要求较高,使用普通高速钢丝锥和螺纹铣刀加工时,普通高速钢丝锥无法承受热后硬孔攻丝所产生的大扭矩而频繁折断,报废率较高,同时螺纹铣刀成本高,不适合大批量生产。针对热后硬孔攻丝工艺复杂、成本高的问题,专门设计了硬孔攻丝用高性能先端丝锥,解决硬孔攻丝难题,并与其他种类丝锥进行了切削力对比。     

THERMOGENIC PETROLEUM POTENTIAL OF THE NANKAI SUBDUCTION ZONE,OFFSHORE SW JAPAN

In the Kumano forearc basin, offshore SW Japan, the potential occurrence of hydrocarbons has been inferred from both geophysical surveys which point to the presence of natural gas hydrates, and geochemical analyses of gas samples recovered from boreholes and submarine mud volcanoes. The forearc basin is located in the inner part of the Nankai Trough where the Philippine Sea plate is subducting northwards beneath SW Japan. The basin succession unconformably overlies a deformed accretionary prism complex. Hydrocarbons with both microbial and thermogenic origins have been recorded in the Kumano Basin, but the thermogenic petroleum potential is poorly constrained because the regional‐scale geological architecture of the Nankai subduction zone is not well understood. In this paper, the regional‐scale petroleum potential of the Nankai Trough is investigated based on the geological interpretation of new seismic reflection images. The images were derived from legacy seismic survey data using advanced processing techniques such as reverse time migration, which make use of both primary and multiple reflections in wide‐angle seismic data collected with ocean‐bottom seismographs. In the study area, a seaward‐dipping reflector was identified which terminates at the plate boundary décollement and which is interpreted as part of the boundary between previously‐identified older (>14 Ma) and younger (<6 Ma) accretionary prisms. A triangle body at the base of the younger accretionary prism is interpreted to consist of underthrusted sediments including thick hemipelagic mudstones with source rock potential which were scraped off the down‐going oceanic plate. These tentatively identified, deeply‐buried mudstones may have the potential to generate thermogenic hydrocarbons which may then migrate upwards along dipping carrier beds or faults and fractures to the unconformity at the base of the Kumano forearc basin succession. The presence of hydrocarbons in the accretionary prism may be inferred from positive amplitude anomalies which have been identified in the reprocessed multi‐channel seismic data. The new reflection interpretations therefore allow the potential for thermogenic petroleum to be proposed in the study area. The hydrocarbon potential at this subduction margin may therefore rely not only on shallow microbial methane, but may also involve deeper, thermogenic petroleum generated within the underlying accretionary prism.     

基于函数主元分析的多阶段退化过程建模与预测

退化过程建模与预测作为设备健康管理的基础,是降低运行风险和维护成本的有效途径。为解决实际中退化过程所表现出的随机性、非线性和多阶段复杂性,提出了一种基于函数主元分析的多阶段退化过程自适应建模与预测方法。通过将退化测量值视为连续函数的离散采样值,从而将退化建模问题转换为函数型数据分析问题。在此基础上,利用函数主元分析方法对退化数据进行降维,提取设备退化的共性信息以及个体差异性信息。结合贝叶斯推理,利用在线监测数据更新退化模型参数,实现健康状态的在线实时预测。最后,将所提的方法用于散热风扇的加速寿命试验数据,验证了本方法的有效性。结果表明,所提方法可以地很好建模多阶段的复杂随机退化过程,具有潜在的工程应用价值。     

Adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control for multiple nonholonomic UAV system with uncertainties and quantized input

An adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control approach is proposed for multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system with quantized input signals in this paper. The UAVs are described by nonholonomic kinematic model and autopilot model with uncertainties. An enhanced hysteretic quantizer is introduced to avoid chattering, and some restrictions are released by using a new quantization decomposition method. Based on backstepping technique and finite‐time Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive finite‐time controller is designed for the trajectory tracking of the multi‐UAV formation. The nonholonomic constraints are solved by a transverse function. A transformation is introduced to the control input signals to eliminate the quantization effect. Stability analysis proves that the tracking errors can converge to a small neighborhood of the origin within finite time and all the closed‐loop signals are semiglobally finite‐time bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is validated by simulation and experiment.