Invasion and Defense Interactions between Enzyme‐Active Liquid Coacervate Protocells and Living Cells

The design and construction of mutual interaction models between artificial microsystems and living cells have the potential to open a wide range of novel applications in biomedical and biomimetic technologies. In this study, an artificial form of invasion‐defense mutual interactions is established in a community of glucose oxidase (GOx)‐containing liquid coacervate microdroplets and living cells, which interact via enzyme‐mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage. The enzyme‐containing coacervate microdroplets, formed via liquid–liquid phase separation, act as invader protocells to electrostatically bind with the host HepG2 cell, resulting in assimilation. Subsequently, the glucose oxidation in the liquid coacervates initiates the generation of H₂O₂, which serves as an ROS resource to block cell proliferation. As a defense strategy, introduction of catalase (CAT) into the host cells is exploited to resist the ROS damage. CAT‐mediated decomposition of H₂O₂ leads to the ROS scavenging and results in the recovery of cell viability. The results obtained in the current study highlight the remarkable opportunities for the development of mutual interacting communities on the interface of artificial protocells/living cells. They also provide a new approach for engineering cellular behaviors through exploiting artificial nonliving microsystems.     

Distributed process monitoring framework based on decomposed modified partial least squares

With the growing complexity of industrial processes, the scale of production processes tends to be large. The significant amount of measurement data in large‐scale processes poses challenges in data collection, management, and storage. In order to perform effective process monitoring in large‐scale processes, the distributed process monitoring strategy is widely applied. Meanwhile, product quality is an important indicator for industrial production. Therefore, a novel quality‐based distributed process monitoring scheme is proposed. Firstly, the Girvan‐Newman (GN) algorithm in complex network divides process variables into multiple sub‐blocks. Secondly, greedy algorithm‐based high‐dimensional mutual information (HDMI) is used to extract quality‐related variables in each sub‐block, through which the irrelevant and redundant variables are eliminated. Thirdly, the decomposed modified partial least squares (DMPLS) approach is used to detect whether a fault is quality‐related or not in each sub‐block. Finally, the Bayesian inference strategy is adopted to combine the detection results of all sub‐blocks. The effectiveness of the distributed DMPLS approach is illustrated through a numerical simulation and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process. The results show the superiority of our proposed monitoring scheme.     

基于互信息和PID神经网络的SCR脱硝扰动补偿控制

针对火电厂选择性催化还原(Selective Catalytic Reduction，SCR)烟气脱硝系统机理复杂，工况变化时呈现的不确定性、强扰动等特点，提出了一种基于互信息和PID神经网络的SCR烟气脱硝扰动补偿控制方法。利用PID前向神经网络的学习性能逼近被控对象的逆构成扰动观测器对系统进行反馈补偿，以达到超前消除系统扰动的目的。选取观测扰动和系统扰动的互信息为目标函数，采用改进的帝国竞争算法实现PID神经网络权值的优化调整。设计鲁棒PID控制器来进一步克服被控对象存在的不确定性。仿真实验表明，该方法具有突出的抗干扰能力和较好的鲁棒性，控制品质优于常规的PID控制。     

基于最大边缘分配算法的雷达博弈波形设计

实战背景下雷达目标先验信息有较大的不确定性,基于先验信息设计的波形不能满足参数估计的需要。为解决该问题,提出了一种博弈条件下的雷达波形设计方法。考虑到雷达与干扰机在电子对抗中的非同时性,采用Stackelberg博弈框架进行建模。该方法以优化雷达能量谱分布为策略,采用最大互信息准则建立效用函数。博弈过程中,雷达与干扰机各自根据对手策略优化发射波形,经过多次迭代,双方达到纳什均衡。仿真实验对比了均衡策略与maxmin策略与随机策略,证实了所提算法的有效性。     

煤质分析中基准的确定和不同基的换算公式推导

针对煤化工初学者和质检人员容易混淆、难以理解的煤质分析中的基准及其确定、不同基准间的相互关系和换算公式等问题,介绍了煤质分析中基准的概念,阐述了煤的工业分析、煤的元素分析和其它常用指标分析中基准的表达和确定,分析了不同基准间的相互关系和物质含义,并根据物质不灭定律对不同基的换算公式进行了推导。     

高层钢框架与群桩--土共同作用的三维空间结构系统地震动时程响应分析

考虑在软土地基上高层钢框架与群桩-土之间共同作用的影响,提出应用整体空间力学分析方法,建立相应的三维空间串并联质点动力计算简图和计算方法,着重分析了群桩-地基土对上部钢框架结构动态受力的影响情况,包括结构振型、周期、位移、内力等动力特性及地震反应。并与刚性地基基础情况下的结构计算结果进行比较,认为此类结构在地震动作用下,共同作用的影响不可忽视,指出结构分析及设计中应注意的一些问题。     

钢结构节点计算动态模型检验方法研究

针对钢结构有限元建模中出现的问题,提出基于时域下的模型相关性检验方法。在对时域响应序列二值化得到0-1序列的基础上,运用互信息量方法对试验与计算响应序列进行相关分析,进而检验钢结构节点计算模型的动态特性。结果表明,互信息量相关方法能有效地反映计算模型与实际结构的相关程度,用于检验钢结构计算模型节点焊缝处材料参数的合理性。     

外商直接投资与政府互动对地区集聚发展作用的探讨--以苏州IT产业集聚为例

政府行为对外资企业选择投资地有着重要的影响，外企的投资落户既对地区经济的发展有积极的带动作用，又可以促进政府进一步完善招商引资的环境建设。     

感应电能传输系统分段供电的双自由度鲁棒控制

感应电能传输(IPT)系统在采用分段供电模式时,由于跨区段处励磁磁场强度分布不均,总会引起负载端拾取功率波动,影响系统稳定性及性能。针对IPT系统跨区段供电的输出稳定问题,以LCL谐振电路并联的IPT系统为研究对象,设计一种基于双自由度鲁棒控制的恒压输出策略。借助广义状态空间平均建模方法,结合跨区段处的互感扰动规律,建立参数不确定性模型;基于广义混合灵敏度指标,通过改变输出加权函数增益,得到快速抑制互感扰动影响的H∞鲁棒控制器;在此基础上,推导并设计出用于修正参考输入的前置滤波器;实验结果表明,双自由度鲁棒控制不仅对跨区段互感扰动影响具有较好抑制作用,且能明显改善对参考输入的跟踪响应性能。     

磁场耦合无线电能传输系统最大功率要素分析

针对无线电能传输系统的功率和效率问题,在特定频率下研究了影响无线电能传输系统最大传输功率的若干要素。以磁场耦合单元为核心建立简化模型,包括发射回路、接收回路,以及两个回路之间的磁场耦合单元。分别研究发射回路电抗、接收回路电抗、互感电抗等在单独变化,或协同变化时,如何影响最大功率传输条件,最大功率值和传输效率等。研究发现,不同情况下的最大功率传输条件之间存在内在联系;在发射回路与接收回路电阻乘积较小时,松耦合谐振才能传输最大功率。此结论不依赖于阻抗补偿形式,并且对感应耦合式和磁场共振式无线电能传输系统均适用。仿真和实验结果与理论分析结果一致。