Evaluation of Robustness of the Biosurfactant Derived from Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.

Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. is a widely distributed xerophytic multipurpose tree. The mesocarp of the fruit of B. aegyptiaca has detergent properties due to the presence of saponins. The stability potential of this biosurfactant at varying pH, temperature, and salinity has not been explored so far. In the present study, the relative surface tensions of five different concentrations of the biosurfactant were studied at different temperatures, salinity, and under pH conditions. This study reveals that this biosurfactant retains its activity over a wide range of pH (3–11) and at high salinity (7% NaCl). It is a thermostable cationic surfactant; surfactant activity was recorded even at 100 °C with the lowest relative surface tension of 0.47. High oil displacement (18.00 mm) was observed when studied with petrol. This biosurfactant was found to have a high emulsification index (E₂₄) of 70% with mustard oil. These results indicate that biosurfactant derived from B. aegyptiaca may find use in a wide range of sectors such as textile, food, cosmetics, oil recovery, and healthcare under a wide range of physical and chemical conditions. It offers an efficient, economically viable, and plant-derived alternative to synthetic detergents and adds a way to maintain a sustainable environment.     

二氧化氯结合加热法处理蛋源对液蛋产品特性的影响

通过优化二氧化氯结合加热法处理新鲜鸡蛋提高其杀菌效率,缩短其消毒时间,并对蛋液的理化及功能性质进行分析。结果表明,最佳蛋源前处理方法为浓度为125 mg/L的二氧化氯溶液浸泡5 min后,65℃热水冲洗120 s,对蛋壳表面的微生物的杀菌率达到99.9%。前处理方法对蛋液起泡性、泡沫稳定性、挥发性盐基氮没有显著影响;经前处理后的蛋液储存8周后,菌落总数、起泡性和挥发性盐基氮均明显优于对照组。该方法可以有效延长液蛋制品的保质期。     

Nature inspired 21 branches sneezewort/Achillea ptarmica plant growth pattern–shaped antenna for Ku‐band applications

This reported paper presents the design and analysis of wideband nature inspired planar antenna of 46 × 18 × 1.6 mm³ size, designed using FR4 (Flame Retardant) substrate. The antenna patch is delineated from the growth pattern of sneezewort plant with supplementary notion of golden ratio in branching and branch width. The total number of branches in each stage follows the Fibonacci series and the branch width is calculated from the golden ratio concept. Starting from one feed line and two branches, the maximum numbers of branches are increased to 20. There has been significant enhancement in the radiation performance of proposed geometry by increasing the number of branches to 21 and by modifying ground with T‐shaped slot. The antenna covers wide impedance bandwidth of 8.2 to 16.5 GHz by possessing stable radiation characteristics.     

某铅锌矿的三维地质模型及储量估算

针对矿山现有的地质信息数据等，建立了以利用Surpac软件的三维地表模型、矿体模型及地质数据库，对矿山资源储量进行计算。基于地质统计学的理论，建立某铅锌矿地表模型、钻孔数据库、矿体模型、块体模型，对矿体内样品进行组合分析统计，采用幂次距离反比法对块体品位进行估值，最后根据国内对地质矿产资源的分类方法，按照不同边界品位、工业品位等分类依据，得出资源储量核实报告，为铅锌矿的后续生产，提供了可靠保证。结果表明：通过构建该矿地质数据库，建立的三维模型，可对地质工程、采矿工程、储量估算、矿石品位动态管理等提供技术支持。     

Paste backfill of high-sulphide mill tailings using alkali-activated blast furnace slag: Effect of activator nature,concentration and slag properties

The effect of activator type, concentration and slag composition on the strength and stability properties of paste backfill (CPB) of high-sulphide tailings using alkali-activated slag (AAS) as binder (7 wt.%) were investigated in this study. Acidic and neutral (AS–NS) slags were activated with liquid sodium silicate (LSS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) at 6–10 wt.% concentrations. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) results were used for comparison. The strength development was found to remarkably improve with increasing the concentration from 6 to 8 wt.%. Further increase in concentration did not enhance the strength. SH was determined to produce higher early-age strength whilst LSS produced higher long-term strengths as an indication of slag selectivity for activators. More extensive gypsum formation was observed at lower concentrations in SEM/EDS studies. An increase in Na₂O concentration raised the activator consumption. High concentrations also led to poorly crystallized C–S–H gel, loose structure and drying shrinkage cracks especially in NS–SH samples. A reduction in total porosity up to 20% was obtained in AAS samples compared to OPC. Amorphous structure, chemical modulus ratio and/or basicity index (BI) values were seen to control the pozzolanic reactivity, and therefore, the alkali-activation and hardening process.     

聚乙烯醇对过氧化银电极分解和电性能的影响

采用不同浓度的聚乙烯醇(PVA)溶液对过氧化银(Ag O)电极进行浸渍处理。采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、化学分析和单片放电对电极进行表征和电性能测试。结果表明,经浓度为1.0%的PVA溶液处理后,电极性能远远优于未处理的过氧化银电极,表现在过氧化银分解表观活化能为143.91 k J/mol,70 o C高温贮存后Ag O分解率仅为0.9%,放电容量衰减仅为18.4%。     

非工作状态下贮备电池电性能智能化测试系统的研制

从贮备电池非工作状态下电性能测试的需求出发,构建了智能化测试系统的总体框架,介绍了系统的测试原理,研制出贮存电池电阻智能化测试系统。结果证明该系统实现一次多个参数多个产品的测试及测试数据的自动记录与合格与否自动判读,提升测试过程的安全性与测试效率,为贮备电池电阻检测的智能化提供了保障。     

计算水驱气藏水侵量及动态地质储量的集成方法

气藏动态地质储量及水侵量是水驱气藏开发设计的重要参数，目前常使用气藏物质平衡法进行计算，但是运用常规物质平衡法计算水驱气藏水侵量和动态地质储量时，由于人工选取回归点、识别图版等过程会产生较大误差，常出现不同方法地质储量及水侵量计算结果不同的情况。针对以上问题，对水侵量计算物质平衡法中的差值法、图版法、视地质储量法进行分析，建立3种方法之间的约束条件，形成新的计算方法，并进行实例计算。通过实例分析了常规物质平衡法误差来源，并验证新方法，计算结果表明新方法具有较好的实用性和可靠性，可以推广运用到有水气藏动态储量及水侵量的计算。     

从自然保区矿业权重叠问题谈保护区范围界定

自然保护区范围及功能区划分是管理部门日常管理和有效保护的基础。据统计分析,在全国2740个自然保护区中,只有60%的保护区有明确范围边界。本文通过自然保护区矿业权退出引发的自然保护区矿业权重叠、范围界定、边界划定等问题,借鉴国外自然保护区内矿业权处置政策,从完善自然保护区立法、范围界定、科学调整自然保护区及探索自然保护区与自然资源勘查开发共存的绿色发展模式等方面提出建议。     

溶剂法制备天然橡胶结合胶的研究

结合胶是未硫化的混炼胶中不能被其良溶剂溶解的那部分橡胶。用化学溶剂法制备结合胶具有药品用量小、实验过程操作简单,重现性好等优点。通过讨论橡胶加入量、炭黑用量、反应时间、静置时间等因素,确定了溶剂法制备结合胶的最佳工艺参数,并与混炼法制备的结合胶进行了性能对比。结果表明,橡胶在甲苯溶液中的质量浓度约为0.02g/mL、橡胶和炭黑的质量比为2∶1、反应时间为14h、静置时间为72h的工艺参数下,可以制得高质量结合胶。混炼法制备的结合胶的质量比溶剂法制备的结合胶的质量大。但是其具有与溶剂法结合胶相同的抽提温度曲线,在结合胶的实验研究中,可以用溶剂法代替混炼法。