Twin screw granulation – review of current progress

Twin screw granulation (TSG) is a new process of interest to the pharmaceutical community that can continuously wet granulate powders, doing so at lower liquid concentrations and with better product consistency than found by a high shear batch mixer. A considerable body of research has evolved over the short time since this process was introduced but generally with little comparison of results. A certain degree of confidence has been developed through these studies related to how process variables and many attributes of machinery configuration will affect granulation but some major challenges still lay ahead related to scalability, variations in the processing regimes related to degree of channel fill and the impact of wetting and granulation of complex powder formulations. This review examines the current literature for wet granulation processes studied in twin screw extrusion machinery, summarizing the influences of operational and system parameters affecting granule properties as well as strives to provide some practical observations to newly interested users of the technique.     

大颗粒尿素造粒工艺简介

介绍了大颗粒尿素造粒工艺，着重介绍了荷兰NSM公司的流化床造粒技术和法国K－T公司的流化床转鼓造粒（FDG）技术。     

广钢3#高炉大修炉渣处理工艺探讨与分析

本文对处理高炉炉渣的图拉法工艺设计进行了总结，并对广钢3#高炉使用中出现的问题做了分析，生产实践表明，该工艺安全可靠，水渣质量好，而且有利于环境保护。     

尿素熔融喷浆造粒工艺在复合肥生产过程中存在的问题及对策

介绍在团粒法工艺的基础上，将尿素熔融成尿液进行喷浆造粒生产复合肥的过程中，存在的问题，原因及解决的对策。     

二进制分辨矩阵在连续属性约简中的研究

针对二进制分辨矩阵无法处理连续型数据,提出一种基于邻域的改进二进制分辨矩阵及其属性约简方法。实验结果表明,与先数据离散化,后属性约简的方法相比,利用文中方法提取出的特征属性的分类能力更高。     

基于邻域彩色变化矢量场的图像边缘检测技术研究*

首先进行了边缘检测系统结构设计,建立了图像邻域彩色变化矢量场的数理模型,提出了用图像邻域彩色变化方向锐度描述图像边缘,进而应用模糊聚类自适应检测边缘.实验表明:与基于梯度的边缘检测技术相比,该方法在噪声抑制以及边缘准确定位上均取得了好的效果,是一种应用广泛的优秀边缘检测算法.     

焦粉粒度对烧结混合料制粒的影响

摘要：研究了焦粉粒度对烧结混合料制粒的影响,包括焦粉在制粒小球中的分布规律与混合料制粒效果。结果表明：粒度小于0.5mm焦粉主要起黏附粉作用,较为均匀地黏附到各粒级制粒小球中;粒度在0.5~1mm的焦粉作为核颗粒,分布在0.5~1mm、1~3mm制粒小球中的占比总和为81.3%,部分以共核形式存在于3~5mm及以上粒级的制粒小球中;粒度在1~3mm及以上粒级焦粉作为核颗粒分布于相同粒级与大一粒级的制粒小球中;粒度在1~3mm及以上粒级焦粉对烧结混合料制粒无明显影响,粒度小于1mm的焦粉会提高制粒后混合料中小粒径制粒小球的含量,不利于混合料制粒,应尽可能减少焦粉中粒度在05~1mm的含量,将焦粉中粒度小于0.5mm的质量分数控制在20%~30%。     

一种基于压缩感知的邻域优化算法

非线性降维方法是目前对降维研究有着重要影响的方法,但在降维过程中经常会遇到局部邻域信息量不足、短路和噪声干扰等问题,严重影响降维效果,很难广泛应用于真实数据的处理中.对以上问题分析发现,其主要原因在于经典降维算法都是采用全局固定的邻域大小.提出了一种基于压缩感知的邻域优化算法,运用压缩感知技术对高维空间目标点近邻进行压缩采样,构建“收—放”模型,自适应得到最优子空间,同时优化邻域组成元素,使得数据的整体降维效果更加稳定.通过手工流形和真实数据集的实验,验证了算法的有效性和稳定性.     

融合动态层次聚类和邻域区间重组的蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法搜索速度过慢以及解质量不足等问题,提出一种融合动态层次聚类和邻域区间重组的蚁群算法。在初始阶段,调整层次聚类阈值并按照类间距离最小合并的原则迭代至目标簇集,根据预合并系数进行簇间合并,通过蚁群系统得到小类路径并断开重组以加快算法整体收敛速度;接着使用蚁群系统对解空间进行优化,同时并行处理簇集与簇集邻域区间扩散重组,增加解的多样性,进一步固定迭代次数进行比较,若邻域区间重组解质量优于当前优化解则进行推荐处理,提高解的精度;当算法停滞时,引入调整因子降低各路径信息素之间差异以增强蚂蚁搜索能力,有助于算法跳出局部最优。实验结果表明,在面对大规模问题时,算法的精度在3%左右,该方法相比传统方法可以有效提高解的精度和收敛速度。     

Coupling granule properties and granulation rates in high-shear granulation

It is possible to link granulation rates to granule properties. The linkage is by multiple dimension population balance equations that, by means of simplifying assumptions, can be reduced to multiple one-dimensional (1-D) population balance equations (PBEs). Using simple physically based models, this paper demonstrates how multiple one-dimensional population balance equations can describe the results of high-shear granulation experiments of two different materials, calcium carbonate and lactose. Good agreement between experimental and simulated results was achieved enabling the granulation rates to be defined by two model parameters: the critical binder volume fraction and the aggregation rate constant. The modelling framework presented in this paper also provides a basis for the kinetic analysis of granulation experiments so that with further work, it is possible to determine the effect of process conditions and material properties on the model parameters.