多晶硅表面金属催化化学腐蚀法制绒研究现状

在多晶硅太阳能电池的生产过程中, 金刚线切割技术(Diamond wire sawn, DWS)具有切割速度快、精度高、原材料损耗少等优点, 受到了广泛关注。金刚线切割多晶硅表面形成的损伤层较浅, 与传统的酸腐蚀制绒技术无法匹配, 金属催化化学腐蚀法应运而生。金属催化化学腐蚀法制绒具有操作简单、结构可控且易形成高深宽比的绒面等优点, 具有广阔的应用前景。本文总结了不同类型的金属催化剂在制绒过程中的腐蚀机理及其形成的绒面结构, 深入分析和讨论了具有代表性的银、铜的单一及复合催化腐蚀过程及绒面结构和电池片性能。最后对金刚线切割多晶硅片表面的金属催化化学腐蚀法存在的问题进行了分析, 并展望了未来的研究方向。     

面粉厂车间楼定向倾倒爆破

该楼体为框架结构,是车间楼和办公楼的结合体,由于加工面粉设备流程的需要,该楼同时承受动荷载和静荷载。楼体按照伸缩缝分为3部分,每部分的结构不相同,同部分不同层结构也各异。在爆破过程中严格控制各种参数,并采取有效的减振与防护措施,使此爆破工程在安全和质量上都达到了预期效果。     

深孔爆破成井技术在三道庄钼矿的试验与应用研究

洛钼集团矿山公司三道庄矿区由于历史原因,露天开采境界地下内存在的采空区已危及矿山公司的正常安全生产,阻碍了洛钼集团可持续发展。为解决这一重大问题,经过充分调研和多方论证,认为深孔一次爆破成井技术是解决此类采空区难题唯一的经济上合理、技术可行、安全可靠的手段与途径。深孔爆破成井实现与采空区顶板的贯通,使采空区边岩稳定,顶岩暴露面积缩小,确保了采空区的稳定;保证了台阶正常推进。     

安塞油田高含水油井化学堵水研究与现场应用

针对安塞油田高含水油井,重点开展了压裂、增注等措施,取得了较好效果,但存在单井费用高、有效率低、效果差异大等缺点。对此,有针对性的采取了化学堵水技术,对恢复高含水油井的正常产能,提高油井采出程度,改善油藏整体开发水平起着至关重要的作用。     

结合位图切割和区域合并的彩色图像分割

就经典分水岭图像分割算法中存在的过分割问题，提出一种结合位图切割和区域合并的彩色图像分割算法。对原始彩色图像通过空域梯度算子求其梯度图像，并利用位图切割重建梯度图像；对新梯度图像进行分水岭预分割；对预分割图像基于异质性最小原则进行区域合并，并获得最终分割结果。相比于现有的同类方法，该算法引入位图切割，抑制噪声对分割结果的影响，在边缘模糊处分割准确，得到符合人类视觉的较小分割区域数目，同时在运行效率上提高。     

Rayleigh-Type Wave in A Rotated Piezoelectric Crystal Imperfectly Bonded on a Dielectric Substrate

Propagation characteristics of Rayleigh-type wave in a piezoelectric layered system are theoretically investigated. The piezoelectric layer is considered as a cubic crystal with finite thickness rotated about Y-axis and is imperfectly bonded onto a semi-infinite dielectric substrate. The imperfect interface between the two constituents is assumed to be mechanically compliant and dielectrically weakly conducting. The exact dispersion relations for electrically open or shorted boundary conditions are obtained. The numerical results show that the phase velocity of Rayleigh-type wave is symmetric with respect to the cut orientation of 45。 and can achieve the maximum propagation speed in this orientation. The mechanical imperfection plays an important role in the dispersion relations, further the normal imperfection can produce a significant reduction of phase velocity comparing with the tangential imperfection. Comparing with the mechanical imperfection the electrical imperfection makes a relatively small reduction of phase velocity of Rayleigh-type wave. The obtained results can provide some fundamentals for understanding of piezoelectric semiconductor and for design and application of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave devices.     

The Photomontage Activity of Postmodernism

For decades now, Douglas Crimp’s landmark 1980 essay ‘The Photographic Activity of Postmodernism’ has shaped our understanding of modernism’s aftermath, at least as it unfolded in North America and Western Europe. Less remembered, however, is the degree to which the procedures of disjunction, copying, appropriation, and outright theft that he highlighted were epitomised not just by contemporary photography, but by photomontage in particular. This article recovers the debates that led critics such as Crimp, Abigail Solomon-Godeau, Christopher Phillips, Benjamin Buchloh and others to turn to photomontage as one of their principal objects of concern in what became known as the postmodern critique of photography. Why was montage tasked to perform this critical function, particularly by people around the journal October who had not otherwise devoted the balance of their writing to photography’s history? The article suggests that these men and women, along with the contemporary artists they foregrounded, manifested what Mary Anne Doane has called a ‘desire for signification’, a reaction in the late 1970s against the mute theatricality of minimalist and conceptual art. Photomontage reintroduced representation to contemporary art and to the canon of art history. But unlike the reemerging illusionism in painting that also manifested this desire, montage guarded against an uncomplicated realism by highlighting and critiquing operations of representation in a manner that painting no longer could.     

水驱油藏产油量递减率影响因素的分解方法——以锦州9-3油田和渤海油田的应用为例

从递减率定义出发,建立了水驱油藏产油量递减率与综合含水率、采油速度、含水上升率、产液量变化率4个影响因素之间的变化关系式,提出一种产油量递减率影响因素分解方法。通过该方法可以量化每个影响因素对产油量递减率的贡献大小,明确产油量递减率的主要影响因素,为油田下步调整挖潜、减缓递减的措施提供依据。应用表明,该方法能够满足油田实际产液量变化要求,且具有简单、方便、可操作性强的特点,易于矿场的推广应用。     

特高含水期油藏平面分区调控方法

针对特高含水期平面剩余油分布复杂，不同区域开发对策不同的特点，提出了基于油藏数值模拟计算结果的油藏分区调控方法。首先通过极限含水率对应的含水饱和度值作为水淹区与潜力区的划分依据；其次以建立的考虑经济因素的剩余可采储量丰度界限和渗流速度界限，将潜力区进一步划分为低速新井调控区、低速注采调控区、高速新井调控区、高速注采调控区4类。综合考虑各分区分布特征，采用连通区域标记算法统计各分区连片区域网格数，计算连片区域的面积和剩余可采储量，确定不同连片区域开发政策。实际油藏的应用结果表明，调控后低速新井调控区和低速注采调控区面积大幅度减小，调控5年油藏采出程度增加3.1%。     

突出矿井三软厚煤层综放面沿空留巷技术研究

煤与瓦斯突出矿井普遍存在煤层巷道掘进速度慢、采掘接替严重困难、巷旁煤柱存在发生煤与瓦斯突出危险的重大安全隐患等问题。安阳大众煤业有限责任公司基于开采煤层地质条件，探索适合突出矿井三软煤层特征的沿空留巷技术。13011工作面运输巷沿空留巷后已作为13031工作面回风巷正常使用，并且效果良好。该项技术的实施不仅为矿井创造了良好的经济效益，也可为类似地质条件的煤与瓦斯突出矿井高效安全生产提供借鉴。