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1.
TiO2 quantum dots-sensitized Cu2S (Cu2S/TiO2) nanocomposites with varying concentration of TiO2 QDs are synthesized via a facile two-stage hydrothermal-wet impregnation method. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of Cu2S and TiO2with chalcocite and anatase phases, respectively. The observed shoulder-like absorption peaks indicate the UV–visible light-driven properties of the composite. Morphological analysis reveals that the fabricated Cu2S/TiO2 composite consists of Cu2S with a nano rod-like shape (average length and width of ~856 and ~213 nm, respectively) and nanosheets-like structures (average length and width of ~283 and ~289 nm, respectively), whereas the TiO2 is formed as quantum dots with a size range of 8.2 ± 0.4 nm. Chemical state analysis shows the presence of Cu+, S2?, Ni2+, and O2? in the nanocomposite. The H2 evolution rate over the optimized photocatalyst is found to be ~45.6 mmol h?1g?1cat under simulated solar irradiation, which is around 5 and 2.4-fold higher than that of the pristine TiO2 and Cu2S, respectively. Continuous H2 production for 30 h is achieved during time-on-stream experiments, demonstrating the excellent stability and durability of the Cu2S/TiO2 photocatalyst for large-scale applications.  相似文献   
2.
提出了利用蒙特卡罗法对偏振光子在表层叶绿素浓度不同的4个海域中的水下传输特性进行研究。首先建立了水下量子信道垂直传输模型,基于此模型分析了在4个海域中叶绿素浓度、海水对光信号的吸收系数和散射系数随海水深度的变化规律。随后仿真分析了4个海域中偏振光子的散射、衰减和偏振度特性随传输距离的变化趋势,给出了不同传输距离时计算接收总光子数的公式。仿真结果表明,海水对光信号的吸收和散射作用主要受叶绿素影响;随着不同海域的表层叶绿素浓度增大,光子的散射次数增加,最远接收距离减小,光子偏振度略微降低但基本保持不变。研究结果可以为星-潜量子通信系统的性能分析和建立提供一定的参考。  相似文献   
3.
采用基于雷诺应力模型与体积函数法的等宽明渠交汇流三维数值模型,对7种交汇角和3种流量比的21种组合工况进行了模拟计算;采用基于主流向流速的等值线法定义分离区,对分离区尺度及其三维形态进行了分析,并根据断面涡量值的计算结果对交汇口下游二次流强度沿程分布规律进行了归纳总结。结果表明:当流量比增大或交汇角减小时,分离区的水平尺寸变小,平面形态变狭长;分离区域平均水深随着流量比或交汇角的增大而降低;交汇口下游二次流强度随着流量比的增大而逐渐减弱;在交汇口附近二次流强度受交汇角影响较大,沿主流方向交汇角影响逐渐降低。  相似文献   
4.
为了解决某甲乙酮装置的丁烯水合进料泵(P-101)在运行中存在的效率衰减问题,前期从机械角度出发,对拆解前后的进料泵进行了水力试验,发现流道结垢是造成问题的直接原因,故需要定期对该泵进行除垢。为进一步解决该问题,结合生产工艺,分析了流道结垢的组成和来源,发现循环丁烯介质中携带的聚合物和弱酸性水腐蚀碳钢设备是造成效率衰减的根本原因。对该泵进口的脱丁烯塔回流罐(V-102)实施改造后,衰减速率明显改善,解决了长期困扰甲乙酮装置的不达产问题。  相似文献   
5.
In the current work, numerical simulations are achieved to study the properties and the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer of (Cu–water) nanofluid under the magnetohydrodynamic effects in a horizontal rectangular canal with an open trapezoidal enclosure and an elliptical obstacle. The cavity lower wall is grooved and represents the heat source while the obstacle represents a stationary cold wall. On the other hand, the rest of the walls are considered adiabatic. The governing equations for this investigation are formulated, nondimensionalized, and then solved by Galerkin finite element approach. The numerical findings were examined across a wide range of Richardson number (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), Reynolds number (1 ≤ Re ≤ 125), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), and volume fraction of nanofluid (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.05). The current study's findings demonstrate that the flow strength increases inversely as the Reynolds number rises, which pushes the isotherms down to the lower part of the trapezoidal cavity. The Nuavg rises as the Ri rise, the maximum Nuavg = 10.345 at Ri = 10, Re = 50, ϕ = 0.05, and Ha = 0; however, it reduces with increasing Hartmann number. Also, it increase by increasing ϕ, at Ri = 10, the Nuavg increased by 8.44% when the volume fraction of nanofluid increased from (ϕ = 0–0.05).  相似文献   
6.
目的:探讨CT定位下微创软通道术在高龄20~30ml幕上血肿中的应用效果。方法:选取2018年6月~2020年9月本院收治的60例高龄20~30mL幕上血肿患者,随机分为微创组及保守组,各30例。微创组采取CT定位下微创软通道手术治疗,保守组采取保守疗法。对比治疗前及出院时的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分及临床效果,并对比治疗前、治疗7d、治疗1个月的日常生活能力(Barthel指数评估),另比较治疗后3个月的预后情况[格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)评价]及并发症发生情况。结果:两组出院时NIHSS评分均较治疗前降低,微创组出院时NIHSS评分低于保守组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组临床效果等级分布比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),微创组总有效率高于保守组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Barthel指数评分在组间、时间、交互方面具有统计学差异(P<0.05),两组治疗7d、治疗后1个月Barthel指数均较治疗前升高,两组治疗1个月均高于治疗7d,微创组治疗7d、治疗后1个月均高于微创组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后3个月的GOS评分等级分布比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),微创组预后良好率高于保守组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);微创组总并发症发生率与保守组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CT定位下微创软通道手术在高龄20~30mL幕上血肿患者治疗中的临床效果、神经功能恢复、日常生活能力改善方面均优于保守疗法,且预后改善更为明显,安全性较好。  相似文献   
7.
基于氯化苯循环水系统使用化学药剂处理存在的问题,将一种新型量子管通环应用于氯化苯装置循环水系统,取代传统化学药剂,运行效果表明量子管通环对系统换热设备起到良好的缓蚀阻垢作用,有效降低了系统浊度。  相似文献   
8.
Eco-friendly quantum dots (QDs) can be termed green QDs which stand as an attractive choice to modify the properties of known semiconductors in the direction of getting efficient photoelectrodes for solar-induced photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water, due to their peculiar properties. Thus, it is of high significance to analyze their merit/demerit as an effective scaffold in PEC cell. QDs are known for their excellent optical properties however, the coupling of green QDs with semiconductor is not only useful in improving absorption characteristics but also promotes charge transfer. This review has undertaken the critical analysis on the worldwide research going on the green QDs modified photoelectrode with respect to their optical, electrical & photoelectrochemical properties, role, usefulness, efficiency, and finally the success in PEC system for hydrogen production. Various methods on the facile synthesis & sensitization techniques of green QDs available in the literature have also been discussed. Further, recent advances on the development of green QDs based photo-electrode, along with major challenges of using green QDs in this field have also been presented.  相似文献   
9.
Rapid advances in the field of catalysis require a microscopic understanding of the catalytic mechanisms. However, in recent times, experimental insights in this field have fallen short of expectations. Furthermore, experimental searches of novel catalytic materials are expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantees of success. As a result, density functional theory (DFT) can be quite advantageous in advancing this field because of the microscopic insights it provides and thus can guide experimental searches of novel catalysts. Several recent works have demonstrated that low-dimensional materials can be very efficient catalysts. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have gained much attention in past years due to their unique properties like low toxicity, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, crystallinity, etc. These properties of GQDs which are due to quantum confinement and edge effects facilitate their applications in various fields like sensing, photoelectronics, catalysis, and many more. Furthermore, the properties of GQDs can be enhanced by doping and functionalization. In order to understand the effects of functionalization by oxygen and boron based groups on the catalytic properties relevant to the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER), we perform a systematic study of GQDs functionalized with the oxygen (O), borinic acid (BC2O), and boronic acid (BCO2). All calculations that included geometry optimization, electronic and adsorption mechanism, were carried out using the Gaussian16 package, employing the hybrid functional B3LYP, and the basis set 6-31G(d,p). With the variation in functionalization groups in GQDs, we observe significant changes in their electronic properties. The adsorption energy Eads of hydrogen over O-GQD, BC2O-GQD, and BCO2-GQD is ?0.059 eV, ?0.031 eV and ?0.032 eV respectively. Accordingly, Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of hydrogen adsorption is extraordinarily near the ideal value (0 eV) for all the three types of functionalized GQDs. Thus, the present work suggests pathways for experimental realization of low-cost and multifunctional GQDs based catalysts for clean and renewable hydrogen energy production.  相似文献   
10.
There are several methods for estimating bed shear stress in the literature, but comprehensive comparisons among them are limited and under specific conditions. This study compared these methods first on a bare smooth bed, and then for a single geobag on a rough bed in the interest of determining the stability of geobags used in riverbank protection structures. The geobag was filled with cement or sand and tested under different open channel flow conditions. The turbulent kinetic energy method appeared to best represent the local bed shear stress on the geobag when using the newly calibrated proportionality constants. The Reynolds stress method via extrapolation was relatively unaffected by changes to the geobags shape and measurement locations, suggesting this method inadequately represents the local bed shear stress. The Patel method and the universal law of the wall method failed to represent local bed shear stress in the rough bed cases due to instrument limitations and the breakdown of the law of the wall. This study highlights the impact of different methods on the bed shear stress estimation.  相似文献   
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