基于移动窗口法的城市遥感生态质量评价研究

为进一步提高城市生态监测的精确度，在前人开展的城市生态遥感监测研究的基础上引入“区域尺度”的概念，充分考虑小区域范围内不同地物间的交互作用，并利用移动窗口模型(Moving Window-Remote Sensing Ecology Index, MW-RSEI)对沈阳市浑南区的遥感影像进行逐像元分析。实验结果表明，MW-RSEI模型和生态遥感监测模型（Remote Sensing Ecology Index, RSEI)在整体生态评价趋势上表现出一致性。但MW-RSEI模型对城市生态中的细节区域表征更明显。考虑到建筑及裸地周围植被的影响，其较差生态区域的占比仅为6%，生态评价为优的区域占比为11%。研究区生态评价结果表现得较为连续，并未出现明显的断层现象。该结果具有现实意义且与实际生态分布更为符合。MW-RSEI模型在城市生态监测中更为适用，可为相关部门提供一定的技术参考。     

Automated prediction system of household energy consumption in cities using web crawler and optimized artificial intelligence

The supply of electrical energy is critical to convenient and comfortable living. However, people consume a large amount of energy, contributing to an energy crisis and global warming, and damaging some ecological cycles. Residential electricity consumption has greater elasticity than industrial and business consumption; it therefore has high energy-saving potential. This work establishes an automated platform, which provides information about residential electricity consumption in each city in Taiwan. Machine learning was used to forecast future residential electricity demand. A nature-inspired optimization method was applied to enhance the accuracy of the best machine learner, yielding an even better hybrid ensemble model. Performance measures indicate that the resulting model is accurate and provides effective information for reference. An automatic web-based system based on the model was combined with a web crawler and scheduled to run automatically to provide information on monthly residential electricity consumption in each county and city. By providing energy consumption information across the country, power providers and government can discuss policy and set different goals for energy use. The results of this study can facilitate the early implementation of energy-saving and carbon emission-reducing in cities and aid utility companies in establishing energy conservation guidelines.     

基于人工神经网络的智能化架空线路应变快速解调方法北大核心

为了提高智能化光纤复合架空线路态势感知的实时性,将人工神经网络方法应用于光纤沿线应变解调,确定了神经网络的结构。编程实现了基于洛伦兹模型的最小二乘谱拟合方法和神经网络方法,采用不同信噪比和布里渊频移的布里渊谱训练神经网络,将它们应用于某光纤复合架空线路沿线光纤应变的测量,从不同角度比较了两种方法的计算结果。计算结果表明,神经网络方法能有效获得光纤沿线的布里渊频移进而获得应变,具有与谱拟合方法相似的准确性,但应变解调时间仅约为谱拟合方法的1/20000。研究结果为提高智能光纤复合架空线路态势感知的实时性提供了参考。     

立柱加固型框架大楼的爆破拆除

采用定向控制爆破技术拆除立柱加固型7层框架大楼。为了彻底炸毁加固立柱,确保大楼顺利定向倾倒,通过多次爆破试验确定了炸药单耗、布孔参数和装药结构。为了控制大楼塌落时的触地震动,采取了秒差分区爆破、空中解体、铺垫缓冲层和开挖减震沟等技术措施。爆破过程中进行了震动监测。此外还介绍了起爆顺序、安全防护措施及爆破结果。     

转基因甜菜GTSB77品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链式反应检测方法建立

目的 为实现转基因甜菜GTSB77的标识管理,建立其品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测方法。方法 针对GTSB77的3′端外源插入片段与甜菜基因组DNA之间的邻接区序列设计引物和探针,建立GTSB77品系特异性实时荧光PCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和重复性进行检测。结果 建立的GTSB77检测方法特异性强,定量限(LOQ)为16拷贝,扩增效率为102%,重复性测试结果相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.21%～1.66%之间。结论 建立的实时荧光PCR方法可应用于GTSB77的鉴定检测。     

井下供电监控及防越级跳闸系统运用分析

以井下供电监控及防越级跳闸运用为对象开展探究。在分析矿井供电系统运行中现存主要问题的基础上,对供电监控与防越级跳闸系统整体应用的积极意义进行了分析和总结,希望能够让更多矿井技术人员了解供电监控及防越级跳闸系统的优越性,为其在矿井中的广泛推广普及提供便利,为煤矿行业更加高效地发展提供帮助。     

Swabbing the surface: critical factors in environmental monitoring and a path towards standardization and improvement

Abstract

Cross-contamination can be broadly defined as the transfer, direct or indirect, of microorganisms from a contaminated product to a non-contaminated product. Events that may result in cross-contamination include inadequate hygiene practices, contaminated equipment surfaces, contamination via food handling personnel, further product processing, or storage abuse All of these niches require consistent environmental surveillance systems to monitor microbial harborage sites to prevent foodborne illnesses via cross-contamination. Environmental surveillance is achieved through routine surface sampling of the food contact surfaces and surrounding areas. To better understand cross-contamination, the role of environmental surface transmission during outbreaks due to the presence and persistence of pathogenic microorganisms on various food contact surfaces must be investigated. However, studies on environmental sampling techniques are rarely performed in an actual food processing environment but rather under controlled variables within a laboratory-setting. Moreover, results and conclusions of studies differ because of the considerable variability across surface sampling tools due to individual operator dependency, low recovery rates, and low reproducibility. Information is also often lacking on environmental sampling tools used within a processing facility, the characterization of these tools, and the optimization of recovery of microorganisms for surface sampling. Thus, this review aims to: (1) discuss and compare factors impacting the recovery of microorganisms and the standardization of surface sampling methods for optimal recovery of microorganisms and (2) examine how research strategies could focus more towards the development of standard methodologies for surface sampling.     

Early-warning performance monitoring system (EPMS) using the business information of a project

An early-warning performance monitoring system (EPMS) is proposed to objectively measure and monitor the performance of a project for early detection of inherent poor performance problems. The EPMS is built based on project progress data and consists of a database of business information, an optimized theoretical model used as a performance measurement baseline, and an index for monitoring and forecasting the performance. By monitoring the performance through an application of the EPMS to the Korean construction project, the quarterly variation of index was found to differ by project type. These results could explain the environmental changes in the project execution. Therefore, the EPMS is expected to be an alternative for objective performance monitoring and forecasting while applying the existing methods is difficult because of the limited available data on performance indicators. The development procedures may also be useful to researchers interested in approaches to quantitatively analyze trends in various industries.     

振动监测系统的可调增益技术与实现

文章设计了一种具有可调增益功能的振动监测系统。首先从监测层和测量层两个方面提出了振动监测系统的整体框架,之后给出了硬件系统和软件系统的设计方法及软件实现代码,利用控制芯片和可调增益放大器,在监测系统中整合了一套可根据采集信号幅值大小调整增益的数据采集装置;利用模拟信号发生器对不加增益和设置可调增益之后的两种信号进行了对比分析,并在汽轮发电机组实际工况下进行了振动信号采集。结果表明,具备可调增益功能的振动监测系统可有效提高采集信号的信噪比,提高汽轮发电机组的振动监测能力。     

面向云计算应用层演化的隐私保护方法研究

云计算应用层中的组合服务具有演化属性,因此,隐私数据在服务组合过程中,用户的隐私数据可能会因为服务或服务流程的演化而暴露。根据服务演化的特征,以描述逻辑为基础,提出了一种面向云计算应用层演化的隐私保护方法。对隐私协议进行形式化描述;根据服务的演化特征,对服务的演化进行监控,保证满足用户的隐私需求;利用实例研究证明该方法的正确性与可行性。