Multi-scale and multi-patch transformer for sandstorm image enhancement

Sandstorm is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions. A sandstorm can carry large volumes of sand unexpectedly, which leads to severe color deviations and significantly degraded visibility when an image is taken in such a scenario. However, existing image enhancement methods cannot enhance sandstorm images well due to the challenging degradations and the scarcity of sandstorm training data. In this paper, we propose a Transformer with rotary position embedding to perform sandstorm image enhancement via building multi-scale and multi-patch dependencies. Our key insights in this work are 1) a multi-scale Transformer can globally eliminate the color deviations of sandstorm images via aggregating global information, 2) a multi-patch Transformer can recover local details well via learning the spatial variant degradations, and 3) a U-shape Transformer with rotary position embedding as the core unit of multi-scale and multi-patch Transformer can effectively build the long-range dependencies. We also contribute a real-world Sandstorm Image Enhancement (SIE) dataset including 1,400 sandstorm images with different degrees of degradations and various scenes. Experiments performed on synthetic images and real-world sandstorm images demonstrate that our proposed method not only obtains visually pleasing results but also outperforms state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively.     

基于移动窗口法的城市遥感生态质量评价研究

为进一步提高城市生态监测的精确度，在前人开展的城市生态遥感监测研究的基础上引入“区域尺度”的概念，充分考虑小区域范围内不同地物间的交互作用，并利用移动窗口模型(Moving Window-Remote Sensing Ecology Index, MW-RSEI)对沈阳市浑南区的遥感影像进行逐像元分析。实验结果表明，MW-RSEI模型和生态遥感监测模型（Remote Sensing Ecology Index, RSEI)在整体生态评价趋势上表现出一致性。但MW-RSEI模型对城市生态中的细节区域表征更明显。考虑到建筑及裸地周围植被的影响，其较差生态区域的占比仅为6%，生态评价为优的区域占比为11%。研究区生态评价结果表现得较为连续，并未出现明显的断层现象。该结果具有现实意义且与实际生态分布更为符合。MW-RSEI模型在城市生态监测中更为适用，可为相关部门提供一定的技术参考。     

高光谱成像用高帧频CMOS图像传感器北大核心

针对高帧频、全局曝光和光谱平坦等成像应用需求,设计了一款高光谱成像用CMOS图像传感器。其光敏元采用PN型光电二极管,读出电路采用5T像素结构。采用列读出电路以及高速多通道模拟信号并行读出的设计方案来获得低像素固定图像噪声(FPN)和非均匀性抑制。芯片采用ASMC 0.35μm三层金属两层多晶硅标准CMOS工艺流片,为了抑制光电二极管的光谱干涉效应,后续进行了光谱平坦化VAE特殊工艺,并对器件的光电性能进行了测试评估。电路测试结果符合理论设计预期,成像效果良好,像素具备积分可调和全局快门功能,最终实现的像素规模为512×256,像元尺寸为30μm×30μm,最大满阱电子为400 ke^(-),FPN小于0.2%,动态范围为72 dB,帧频为450 f/s,相邻10 nm波段范围内量子效率相差小于10%,可满足高光谱成像系统对CMOS成像器件的要求。     

计算机通信及网络远程控制技术的应用与可靠性探究

随着社会的进步和发展,计算机网络通信技术已被应用到实际生活、生产的各个方面,对人们的生活、生产等产生了深刻的影响。为此,文章就计算机通信及网络远程控制技术在实际生活中的应用问题进行了探究,旨在借助先进科技促进社会实现更优质发展。     

基于改进残差特征蒸馏的轻量级超分辨率网络

基于深度学习的图像超分辨率算法通常采用递归的方式或参数共享的策略来减少网络参数，这将增加网络的深度，使得运行网络花费大量的时间，从而很难将模型部署到现实生活中。为了解决上述问题，本文设计一种轻量级超分辨率网络，对中间特征的关联性及重要性进行学习，且在重建部分结合高分辨率图像的特征信息。首先，引入层间注意力模块，通过考虑层与层之间的相关性，自适应地分配重要层次特征的权重。其次，使用增强重建模块提取高分辨率图像中更精细的特征信息，以此得到更加清晰的重建图片。通过大量的对比实验表明，本文设计的网络与其他轻量级模型相比，有更小的网络参数量，并且在重建精度和视觉效果上都有一定的提升。     

一种用于电气设备状态监测的新式FBG传感器北大核心CSCD

为了监测绕组变压器的静态应力场和发生短路等故障时的动态应力变化,设计了一种用于电气设备状态监测的新式FBG传感器。该传感器由聚醚醚酮材料封装的FBG构成,通过内部圆锥形空腔结构实现将轴向应力集中于FBG敏感位置。通过仿真对不同压力强度下传感器结构的应力场部分及形变趋势进行了计算与分析,论证了设计的合理性。实验分别对静态载荷和动态冲击进行测试,结果显示,在静态压载测试中,当100 N相似文献   

关于多功能液压支架拖运车的电控系统设计

本文简介多功能液压支架拖运车的电控系统,包括电控箱的设计和主要电气元件的性能和选择依据。此电控系统能够一般电控系统的各种功能和保护,而且能够通过摄像头做到操作盲区和使用遥控器进行远程控制,从而提高液压支架的拖运效率、降低劳动强度和提高安全保障。     

Experimental study on uplift behavior of shallow anchor plates in geogrid-reinforced soil

Geogrid reinforcement can significantly improve the uplift bearing capacity of anchor plates. However, the failure mechanism of anchor plates in reinforced soil and the contribution of geogrids need further investigation. This paper presents an experimental study on the anchor uplift behavior in geogrid-reinforced soil using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and the high-resolution optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). A series of model tests were performed to identify the relationship between the failure mechanism and various factors, such as anchor embedment ratio, number of geogrid layers, and their location. The test results indicate that soil deformation and the uplift resistance of anchor plates are substantially influenced by anchor embedment ratio and location of geogrids, whereas the number of geogrid layers has limited influence. In reinforced soil, increasing the embedment ratio greatly improves the ultimate bearing capacities of anchor plates and affects the interlock between the soil and geogrids. As the embedment depth increases, the failure surfaces gradually change from a vertical slip surface to a bulb-shaped surface that is limited within the soil. The strain monitoring data shows that the deformations of geogrids are symmetrical, and the peak strains of geogrids can characterize the reinforcing effects.     

Accelerating BPC-PaCo through Visually Lossless Techniques

Fast image codecs are a current need in applications that deal with large amounts of images. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are suitable processors to speed up most kinds of algorithms, especially when they allow fine-grain parallelism. Bitplane Coding with Parallel Coefficient processing (BPC-PaCo) is a recently proposed algorithm for the core stage of wavelet-based image codecs tailored for the highly parallel architectures of GPUs. This algorithm provides complexity scalability to allow faster execution at the expense of coding efficiency. Its main drawback is that the speedup and loss in image quality is controlled only roughly, resulting in visible distortion at low and medium rates. This paper addresses this issue by integrating techniques of visually lossless coding into BPC-PaCo. The resulting method minimizes the visual distortion introduced in the compressed file, obtaining higher-quality images to a human observer. Experimental results also indicate 12% speedups with respect to BPC-PaCo.