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1.
在一台缸内直喷汽油机上采用喷油器温度测试装置,进行了不同参数对喷油器温度影响的研究以及喷油器温度对积碳形成影响的研究.结果表明:随负荷增加,密封环上游和密封环处的温度明显降低;密封环下游温度先增大后略有下降;头部温度增加至132~147℃,但远小于汽油90%蒸馏温度(190℃).燃油对喷油器有极高的冷却作用;燃烧相位推迟,喷油器温度小幅降低;喷油器温度与水温呈线性关系.在小负荷下喷油器头部容易形成积碳,提高头部温度有助于减少积碳的形成.  相似文献   
2.
基于正庚烷、甲烷、乙烷、丙烷多组分混合物简化动力学机理耦合三维计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)数值模型,模拟研究高替代率时不同进气氛围(H2、O2组分)耦合废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)对天然气/柴油双燃料发动机低负荷工作过程的影响机理。研究表明:在不同EGR率下,进气掺氢会使缸内燃烧速率显著加快,OH活性基浓度明显升高,CH4排放显著降低,但CO排放升高;进气掺氧后,缸压及瞬时放热率峰值、最大压力升高率、最高燃烧温度及OH活性基浓度均升高,碳烟、CO和CH4后期氧化作用增强使其最终排放降低,但NOx排放升高。在EGR率小于29%,掺氢比小于2.5%时,在实现较低CO、碳烟排放的同时能显著降低CH4排放和NO2/NOx比例;高EGR率时,进气掺氧能降低CO、碳烟排放,并改善CH4与NOx  相似文献   
3.
In the present study, the effects of soybean biodiesel (SB)–diesel blends containing 1% strontium (Sr) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance and emission parameters of a variable compression ratio (VCR) engine were investigated. To make the fuel blends, 25% soybean biodiesel (SB25) was added to the diesel. To improve the blend's stability, Sr/ZnO NP additions were blended with SB25 at 50 and 75 ppm utilizing an ultrasonication method and a surfactant at 2%. Various physicochemical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet spectroscopy, were used to characterize the produced NPs. These blends improved overall engine characteristics when used with a VCR. In comparison to the absence of nanoadditives, the brake thermal efficiency increased by 10.37% and the brake-specific fuel consumption decreased by 16.76% while using 50 ppm Sr/ZnO NPs additive in SB25 (SB25Sr/ZnO50). In addition, the presence of Sr/ZnO in SB25 results in lower harmful emissions such as hydrocarbon, CO, CO2, and smoke, which are reduced by 11.20%, 13.81%, 41.43%, and 21.34%, respectively, when compared to SB25 fuel. The Sr/ZnO NPs in the blend are an excellent choice for improving engine emission and performance.  相似文献   
4.
为了研究高原环境下进排气节流对柴油机性能的影响,基于高原环境,对一台废气涡轮增压柴油机进行了台架试验,分别研究了进气节流和排气节流对柴油机进气量、燃烧、排气温度、排放、油耗的影响。结果表明:采用进气节流、排气节流均会使柴油机进气量降低,缸内最高压力降低,最大燃烧放热率增大,缸内燃烧温度上升,排气温度升高,排放增加,油耗上升。但随着转速的增加,进气节流与排气节流的影响趋势却有所差异。在柴油机转矩为50 N·m,转速为1 400 r/min、1 800 r/min、2 200 r/min的3个工况下,进气压力降低25 k Pa时,排气温度分别提升75℃、60℃、52℃,NOx排放分别增加160×10-6、140×10-6、114×10-6,烟度分别增加0.079 FSN、0.062 FSN、0.052 FSN,比油耗分别增加4.4 g/(k W·h)、5.5 g/(k W·h)、7.4 g/(k W·h);而排气背压升高25 k Pa,排气温度分别提升35℃、50℃、62℃,NOx排放分别增加67×10-6  相似文献   
5.
为优化柴油机轨压稳定控制和快速响应控制,提出一种将改进的海鸥算法与PID控制器相结合的共轨压力控制方法。根据高压共轨系统的物理结构和工作原理,搭建了高压共轨系统实时仿真模型;针对原始海鸥算法种群分布不均匀、容易陷入局部最优等问题,提出将Tent混沌映射、非线性惯性权重和高斯–柯西混合变异策略融入海鸥算法中,提升了算法的计算精度和收敛速度等方面的性能;基于改进后的海鸥算法完成对模型的轨压PID控制器参数自适应整定。研究结果表明:改进海鸥算法优化后的PID控制的轨压稳态和动态特性都明显优于常规PID控制。在稳定工况下,轨压波动幅值减小了33%以上;在动态过程中,稳定时间缩短了14%以上,超调量减小了71%以上。  相似文献   
6.
This study represents the results of the analysis and optimization of an integrated system for cogenerating electricity and freshwater. This setup consists of a Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) for producing electricity. Unburned fuel of the SOFC is burned in the afterburner to increase the temperature of the SOFC's outlet gasses and operate a Gas turbine (GT) to produce additional power and operate the air compressor. At the bottom of this cycle, a combined setup of a Multi-Effect Desalination (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) is considered to produce freshwater from the unused heat capacity of the GT's exhaust gasses. Also, a Stirling engine is used in the fuel supply line to increase the fuel's temperature. Using LNG and the Stirling engine will replace the fuel compressor with a pump which increases the system performance and eliminates the need for the expansion valve. To study the system performance a mathematical model is developed in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program. Then, the system's simulated data from the EES has been sent to MATLAB to promote the best operating condition based on the optimization criteria. An energetic, exergetic, economic, and environmental analysis has been performed and a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to achieve the goal. The two-objective optimization is performed to maximize the exergetic efficiency of the proposed system while minimizing the system's total cost of production. This cost is a weighted distribution of the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) and Levelized Cost of freshwater (LCOW). The results showed that the exergetic and energetic efficiencies of the system can reach 73.5% and 69.06% at the optimum point. The total electricity production of the system is 99 MW. The production cost is 11.71 Cents/kWh, of which 1.04 Cents/kWh is emission-related and environmental taxes. The freshwater production rate is 42.44 kg/s which costs 4.38 USD/m3.  相似文献   
7.
Achieving complete combustion of fossil fuels has long been thought of as a sufficient remedy for tackling vehicular emissions and the ensuing environmental effects. However, thanks to the increasing awareness around the climate change, the global dialogue has now shifted to realizing a carbon-free economy, which has set stricter curbs on the energy source that can power the future mobility. Therefore, the idea of “clean combustion” requires rethinking. Of the many choices for alternative clean fuels that are both energy-efficient and environment-friendly, hydrogen has always been eyed as the best clean alternative there is. This article reviews various available approaches to utilizing hydrogen for mobility applications with a discussion of their relative merits and shortcomings. In addition to well-discussed methods like fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen-based IC engines, and dual-fuel operation with hydrogen, this review also assesses the technical and economic feasibilities of using hydrogen in e-fuels and their implications for our existing infrastructure and future energy demands.  相似文献   
8.
Reformed exhaust gas recirculation technology has attracted great attention in internal combustion engines. A platform of an exhaust gas-fuel reformer connected with the marine LNG engine was set up for generating on-board hydrogen. Based on the platform, effects of the methane to oxygen ratio (M/O) and reformed exhaust gas ratio (REG) from the reformer and excess air ratio (λ) from the engine on the components, hydrogen yield, thermal efficiency and reforming process of the reformer were experimentally investigated. Results shown that hydrogen-rich gases (reformate) can be generated by reforming the mixture of engine exhaust gas (about 400 °C) and methane supplied via the reformer with Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, and the hydrogen concentration of reformate was between 6.2% and 12.6% by volume. The methane supplied rate and λ affected the components and temperature of the reactant in the reformer, while REG changed the gas hour space velocity during the exhaust gas-fuel reforming processes, resulting in the difference in the components of the reformate and thermal efficiency. At the present experimental condition, the highest H2 concentration reformate was generated under the M/O of 2.0, λ of 1.55 and REG of 6%.  相似文献   
9.
郭旭  张萍  张博  周磊 《内燃机工程》2022,43(6):99-108
针对传统冷却系统与柴油机冷却需求不匹配的问题,进行了冷却系统电控化设计仿真研究。基于Simulink软件设计了电控冷却系统仿真模型,提出了电控冷却控制策略,并开展了变柴油机工况条件下电控冷却控制策略验证仿真。对传统冷却部件进行电控化改造(电控海水泵、电控淡水泵和电子节温器),搭建电控冷却系统试验台架,通过试验分析了电控冷却对柴油机耗油率和热平衡的影响,结果表明:相对于传统冷却系统,电控冷却系统在900 r/min、负荷率30%,1 200 r/min、负荷率60%,1 500 r/min、负荷率90%这3个工况点的耗油率分别降低9.4 g/(kW·h)、6.8 g/(kW·h)和3.9 g/(kW·h),燃油经济性和热量分配得到改善。  相似文献   
10.
In this present work, the effect of lanthanum oxides (La2O3) on the thermal cycle behavior of TBC coatings and mechanical properties such as adhesion strength and microhardness of 8% Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) TBCs were investigated. CoNiCrAlY and aluminium alloy (Al–13%Si) were used as bond coat and substrate materials. 8YSZ and different wt % of La2O3 (10, 20, and 30%) top coatings were applied using the atmospheric plasma spray (APS) method. The thermal cycling test for TBC coated samples were conducted at 800 °C in the electric furnace. The XRD pattern shows that the La2O3 doped 8YSZ material transformed to cubic pyrochloric structured La2Zr2O7 during thermal cycling. Further, the Taguchi-based grey relation analysis (GRA) method was applied to optimize the TBC coating parameters to achieve better mechanical properties such as adhesion strength and microhardness. And the optimized La2O3/8YSZ TBC coating was coated on CRDI engine combustion chamber components. The engine was tested with microalgae biodiesel and hydrogen, and the results were promising for the TBC-coated engine. The engine performance increased while using La2O3/8YSZ coated components, and the emissions from engine exhaust gas such as CO, HC, and smoke reduced considerably. It was found that there was no separation crack and spallation of the coating layer in the microstructure. Ultimately, the microstructural analysis of the optimized TBC coated piston sample after 50 h of running in the diesel engine confirmed that the developed coating had a superior thermal insulation effect and longer life.  相似文献   
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