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排序方式: 共有8200条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
卷积神经网络是一种具有强大特征提取能力的深度神经网络,其在众多领域得到了广泛应用。但是,研究表明卷积神经网络易受对抗样本攻击。不同于传统的以梯度迭代生成对抗扰动的方法,提出了一种基于颜色模型的语义对抗样本生成方法,利用人类视觉和卷积模型在识别物体中表现出的形状偏好特性,通过颜色模型的扰动变换来生成对抗样本。在样本生成过程中其不需要目标模型的网络参数、损失函数或者相关结构信息,仅依靠颜色模型的变换和通道信息的随机扰动,所以这是一种可以完成黑盒攻击的对抗样本。  相似文献   
2.
High loadings of fillers are usually needed to achieve high-thermal conductivity (TC) of polymer-based composites, which inevitably sacrifices processability and meanwhile causes high-cost. Therefore, it is of great significance to achieve high-TC composites under low-filler loading. Here, a novel p-phenylenediamine (PPD) modified expanded graphite (EG-PPD)/epoxy (EP) composite with high TC and low-filler content was successfully prepared via pre-dispersion and vacuum assisted mixing strategy. With the improved interfacial compatibility between EG and EP by PPD, the prepared EG-PPD/EP composite exhibited excellent thermal management performance, resulting in the TC of which reached 4.00 W·m−1·K−1 with only 10 wt% (5.59 vol%) of EG-PPD, which is approximately 19 times higher than that of pure EP. Meantime, the interface thermal resistance of EG-PPD/EP composite between EG-PPD and EP is reduced by 33% compared with EG/EP composite. This composite with excellent TC property is expected to be used in thermal management field.  相似文献   
3.
In this work, Bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulphane was employed for surface modification of silica, ferrite and kenaf fiber filled natural rubber composites using aqueous solvent deposition, dry blending and integral blend methods. The efficiency of each method and the preferred modification method for improving the mechanical performance of natural rubber composites was assessed. The appearance of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peak around 1088 cm−1 for all types of fillers provided evidence that silane interaction had occurred between the fillers and rubber and the formation of siloxane linkages were quantitatively determined by the crosslink density measurement. The surface treatment by dry method for silica and ferrite fillers showed significant improvement of tensile performance at approximately 67% and 34% compared to those with untreated fillers. For kenaf fiber-filled rubber composites, the surface treatment by aqueous solvent deposition showed the highest tensile improvement of 59% compared to the dry blending and integral blend method.  相似文献   
4.
Two kinds of bio-based polyurethane coatings for controlled-release urea were prepared by in-situ polymerization used castor oil and liquefied starch as raw materials, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the section morphology of castor oil based polyurethane (Castor-PU) coating was uniform and dense, and that of liquefied starch based polyurethane (Starch-PU) coating had certain proportion of microporous. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) showed that the two coatings had typical urethane characteristic structure, but the difference was that the Starch-PU had obvious unreacted isocyanate structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the glass transition temperature of the two coatings was around 58°C, but the Castor-PU had a crystallization domain with obvious crystallization melting peak at 130°C. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that the thermal stability of Castor-PU was significantly higher than that of Starch-PU. The controlled-release property test showed that when the coating ratio was 2.8%, the nutrient release longevity of urea coated with Castor-PU was 49 days and that of urea coated with Starch-PU was 14 days. The reasons for the poor controlled-release performance of Starch-PU were analyzed, which probably caused by concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrophilic dispersant added in the liquefied starch.  相似文献   
5.
Recently, the successful synthesis of wafer-scale single-crystal graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and MoS2 on transition metal surfaces with step edges boosted the research interests in synthesizing wafer-scale 2D single crystals on high-index substrate surfaces. Here, using hBN growth on high-index Cu surfaces as an example, a systematic theoretical study to understand the epitaxial growth of 2D materials on various high-index surfaces is performed. It is revealed that hBN orientation on a high-index surface is highly dependent on the alignment of the step edges of the surface as well as the surface roughness. On an ideal high-index surface, well-aligned hBN islands can be easily achieved, whereas curved step edges on a rough surface can lead to the alignment of hBN along with different directions. This study shows that high-index surfaces with a large step density are robust for templating the epitaxial growth of 2D single crystals due to their large tolerance for surface roughness and provides a general guideline for the epitaxial growth of various 2D single crystals.  相似文献   
6.
为了实现大型语料库中近义词/同义词短语的查找,提出了一种基于共同语境的近义词/同义词短语查找模型,它通过[n]-gram分布式方法捕获语义相似性,不需要解析就能隐式地保存局部句法结构,使底层方法语言独立;具体实现分为两个阶段:第一阶段是上下文收集和过滤,即用围绕查询短语的本地上下文作为条件模型的特征来捕获语义和语法信息。第二阶段是候选词短语收集和筛选,即对数据中的每个“左”“右”和“配对”的全部实例进行迭代,以收集一组近义词/同义词候选短语;还给出了构成模型的要素和用于评价模型性能的评分函数;基于不同大型语料库的实验结果表明,提出的建模方法在总的统计评分查找性能和整体可扩展性方面都优于常用的其他查找方法模型。  相似文献   
7.
搜索引擎作为互联网主要应用之一,能够根据用户需求从互联网资源中检索并返回有效信息。然而,得到的返回列表往往包含广告和失效网页等噪声信息,而这些信息会干扰用户的检索与查询。针对复杂的网页结构特征和丰富的语义信息,提出了一种基于注意力机制和集成学习的网页黑名单判别方法,并采用本方法构建了一种基于集成学习和注意力机制的卷积神经网络(EACNN)模型来过滤无用的网页。首先,根据网页上不同种类的HTML标签数据,构建多个基于注意力机制的卷积神经网络(CNN)基学习器;然后,采用基于网页结构特征的集成学习方法对不同基学习器的输出结果执行不同的权重计算,从而实现EACNN的构建;最后,将EACNN的输出结果作为网页内容分析结果,从而实现网页黑名单的判别。所提方法通过注意力机制来关注网页语义信息,并通过集成学习的方式引入网页结构特征。实验结果表明,与支持向量机(SVM)、K近邻(KNN)、CNN、长短期记忆(LSTM)网络、GRU、结合注意力机制的卷积神经网络(ACNN)等基线模型相比,所提模型在所构建的面向地理信息领域的判别数据集上具有最高的准确率(0.97)、召回率(0.95)和F1分值(0.96),验证了EACNN在网页黑名单判别工作中的优势。  相似文献   
8.
The modification of the surface characteristics after treatment with plasma in polymeric materials, such as the aging phenomenon, calls the attention of research in the area of nonthermal plasma technology. In this work, a direct treatment with dielectric-barrier discharge plasma was used on the surfaces of ultrafiltration membranes. The measurements of the contact angle with water, attenuated total reflectance accessory, zeta potential, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy-MEV were performed on the surfaces to verify changes after plasma treatment and to understand the occurrence and timing of the plasma aging effect. In the analysis of the membrane performance, hydraulic permeation and protein retention tests were performed. The results showed an improvement in wettability and hydrophilic properties in the post-treated membranes. The study of reversibility/aging of the post-plasma surface is important for research that deals with the modification of polymeric membranes. Changes in surface morphology, topography and wettability of the membranes were observed up to seven days after treatment, with a tendency to return to the initial characteristics of the membranes.  相似文献   
9.
The through-thickness conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite was increased by incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the interlaminar region. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were dispersed in a polyethylenimine (PEI) binder, which was then coated onto the carbon fiber fabric. Standard vacuum-assisted resin infusion process was applied to fabricate the composite laminates. This modification technique aims to enhance the electrical conductivity in through-thickness direction for the purpose of nondestructive testing, damage detection, and electromagnetic interference shielding. CNT concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.75 wt% were used and compared to pristine CFRP samples (reference). The through-thickness conductivity of the CFRP exhibited an improvement of up to 781% by adopting this technique. However, the dispersion of CNT in PEI led to a viscosity increase and poor wetting properties which resulted in the formation of voids/defects, poor adhesion (as shown in scanning electron micrographs) and the deterioration of the mechanical properties as manifested by interlaminar shear strength and dynamic mechanical analysis measurements.  相似文献   
10.
汉字的表义性是其区别于表音文字的一大特点。部件作为构字单位,同汉字的意义之间有着很大的联系。然而,汉字部件的表义能力究竟如何是学界尚待讨论的课题。针对这一问题,该文从汉字部件入手,提出了融合部件的字词分布式表示模型。该模型在向量内部评测任务上性能获得了一定提升,在汉字理据性测量任务上也与人工打分结果显著相关。基于该模型,进一步提出了部件表义能力的计算方法,对汉字部件的表义能力做了整体评估,并结合部件的构字能力建立了现代汉字部件的等级体系。测量结果显示,现代汉字部件具有一定表义能力,但整体而言表义能力偏低。最后,将测量结果应用于对外汉语教学中,确立了适用于部件教学法的部件范围,并提出了对应的汉字教学顺序方案。  相似文献   
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