The social profitability of rural roads in a small open economy: Do urban agglomeration economies matter?

The effects of a rural roads programme depend on labour mobility, how the programme is financed, and agglomeration economies. If financed by a rural poll tax and cross-price effects and agglomeration economies are sufficiently small, the wage will rise, with some return migration. Taxes on trade act as countervailing distortions, yielding urban households some relief. Rural-urban commuting promotes the exploitation of agglomeration economies; taxes on international trade are then inferior to a poll tax. The change in the value, at producer prices, of the rural sector's net supply vector can be a poor measure of the programme's social profitability.     

Human DDX17 Unwinds Rift Valley Fever Virus Non-Coding RNAs

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus from the Bunyaviridae family that causes high rates of mortality and morbidity in humans and ruminant animals. Previous studies indicated that DEAD-box helicase 17 (DDX17) restricts RVFV replication by recognizing two primary non-coding RNAs in the S-segment of the genome: the intergenic region (IGR) and 5′ non-coding region (NCR). However, we lack molecular insights into the direct binding of DDX17 with RVFV non-coding RNAs and information on the unwinding of both non-coding RNAs by DDX17. Therefore, we performed an extensive biophysical analysis of the DDX17 helicase domain (DDX17_135–555) and RVFV non-coding RNAs, IGR and 5’ NCR. The homogeneity studies using analytical ultracentrifugation indicated that DDX17_135–555, IGR, and 5’ NCR are pure. Next, we performed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, which suggested that DDX17 and both RNAs are homogenous as well. SAXS analysis also demonstrated that DDX17 is globular to an extent, whereas the RNAs adopt an extended conformation in solution. Subsequently, microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments were performed to investigate the direct binding of DDX17 to the non-coding RNAs. The MST experiments demonstrated that DDX17 binds with the IGR and 5’ NCR with a dissociation constant of 5.77 ± 0.15 µM and 9.85 ± 0.11 µM, respectively. As DDX17_135–555 is an RNA helicase, we next determined if it could unwind IGR and NCR. We developed a helicase assay using MST and fluorescently-labeled oligos, which suggested DDX17_135–555 can unwind both RNAs. Overall, our study provides direct evidence of DDX17_135–555 interacting with and unwinding RVFV non-coding regions.     

水电站大型竖井施工安全风险控制措施研究

竖井是大型水电工程中广泛采用的重要建筑物,但竖井的传统施工方法存在施工程序复杂、人工劳动强度大、施工效率不高等特点,同时还存在较大的安全风险。通过对杨房沟水电站大型竖井施工过程的研究,总结出精细化控制爆破、小溜渣井施工方式,同时也设计了一套用于运输的综合提升系统。采用上述创新方法不仅减少了繁琐的施工程序,降低了安全施工风险,而且大量采用机械化手段进一步提高了施工效率,确保了该工程竖井施工的安全风险可控。相关措施可为类似工程的竖井施工提供较好的借鉴作用。     

基于RGV轨导柔性线环境离散型零件生产过程管理与实践

为满足航空中小型结构件快速交付的需要,以提升航空中小型结构件制造高精度、自动化和高效率为目标,通过对航空中小型结构件加工现状进行梳理分析,搭建柔性生产线自动排程与调度平台,实现柔性生产线工艺设计与准备过程管理,简化工艺准备流程,推进快换工装的应用并进行自动化程序管理;在柔性生产线加工运行过程中采用可视化管理方法,推动自动化环境下加工过程资源保障集中化管理。最终使该管理方法在某项目中进行成功实践,取得了良好的经济效益。     

小尺度交通信号灯的检测与状态识别

交通信号灯识别包括检测和状态识别，在智能交通系统中发挥重要作用。基于YOLOv3算法提出了一种交通信号灯检测与状态识别模型。针对交通信号灯相较于交通场景中其他目标具有尺度小的特性进行了算法的设计：降低骨干网络的下采样倍率以增加小尺度目标的特征描述能力；通过增大特征图的尺度来改进多尺度特征融合；引入广义交并比作为检测任务的损失函数来改进目标边界框的回归效果。同时，根据交通信号灯本身的特性，使用颜色和形状约束的方法对信号灯进行状态识别和类别验证。最后在公开的Bosch交通信号灯数据集上和实际的城区道路进行了实验验证。实验结果表明，所提出的算法能够提升交通信号灯识别的精度和召回率，识别准确率可以达到90%左右。     

Plant inspection by using a ground vehicle and an aerial robot: lessons learned from plant disaster prevention challenge in world robot summit 2018

Abstract

In recent years, to prevent accidents and disaster are desired by implementing maintenance and management of facilities, such as conducting periodic inspections with appropriate frequency at plants. However, because the dangerous materials such as flammable gas and explosives is used in a plant, and there are many dangerous places in a plant such as high-temperature environment and high places and narrow spaces, it is desirable to use a remote-controlled robot for safety work and short inspections. Against this background, the Disaster Robotics Category-Plant Disaster Prevention Challenge was held in Japan at the World Robot Summit 2018. Our team was ranked 3rd in this competition, because our strategy of ‘inspection and investigation in cooperation with UGV and UAV’ was effective. In this paper, the competition contents of World Robot Summit 2018 and the robot inspection system that we are studying are explained. And what kind of strategy was challenged and result for these given competition tasks by using our robot system are introduced. And the lessons learned such as advantages and issues in UGV and UAV collaboration work at this competition are described for evaluate a robot investigation system for disaster response and inspection work at plants.     

关于锦州市食品小作坊食品安全状况的调查报告

目的 对锦州市食品小作坊食品安全状况进行调查，并对调查结果进行分析，以期了解锦州食品加工小作坊的加工现状与存在的安全问题。方法 采用线上与线下相结合的方式对锦州食品小作坊食品安全现状进行调查分析，对问卷与实地记录进行数据分类整理与统计汇总，并对数据进行分析。结果 锦州食品小作坊食品购买者主要是21至30岁的青年人，学生、上班族构成购买小作坊食品的主要消费群体，消费者对食品安全问题的防范意识不强。在设备设施方面，锦州食品小作坊普遍存在加工设施简陋、陈旧现象，65.6%的食品小作坊没有明确的分工场所，并存在有原辅料与半成品、成品混放现象；72.63%的食品小作坊存在加工器具老化、锈渍、不卫生现象；在从业人员方面，多数未持有健康证明从事食品加工行业，并且71%的食品小作坊从业人员存在缺少食品安全知识，卫生观念差、法律意识淡薄等问题；在生产管理方面，存在擅自添加、掺假掺杂现象。在食品包装和标识方面，60.53%的食品小作坊存在生产日期、保质期等信息残缺、不完整现象，同时70%锦州食品小作坊未达到备案的条件要求，在无《食品生产许可证》条件下进行生产加工。结论 通过对锦州市食品小作坊安全状况的调查，了解了食品加工小作坊加工现状与存在的安全问题并分析原因，提出政府应设立食品风险预警与风险交流的媒介，进行科普与法律宣传、市场监管部门加强监管与巡查力度，消费者增强食品安全意识与维权意识等建议。     

基于RG 1.183的先进小堆选址源项模型初步研究

在《用于评估核动力反应堆设计基准事故的替代放射性源项》RG 1.183所述的假想事故场景情况下,考虑目前大多数的先进小型压水堆地上-地下布置的设计特点,对传统大型压水堆选址源项计算模型做了改进:在原安全壳内放射性物质守恒方程的基础上,考虑辅助厂房的阻滞作用,建立辅助厂房内放射性物质守恒方程。并以某先进小型反应堆核电厂为例,利用新模型计算了代表核素的释放,与现有模型进行了对比。     

Three‐dimensional numerical simulations of smooth,asymmetrically roughened,and baffled culverts for upstream passage of small‐bodied fish

Traditional box culvert designs lead to development of high velocity zones in the culvert barrel that often impede upstream migration of fish. Herein, three‐dimensional Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes (RANS)‐ and Large eddy simulation (LES)‐based computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) simulations were performed to compare the effectiveness of smooth, asymmetrically roughened, and corner‐baffled barrels, in creating low‐velocity zones (LVZs) and providing opportunity for upstream passage of small‐bodied fish. The results revealed distinctive benefits provided by the asymmetrically roughened and corner‐baffled barrels relative to the smooth barrel. Cross‐sectional asymmetry, corners, and obstructions are important factors that contribute to the generation of LVZs conducive to fish passage, albeit contiguity of LVZs is required, particularly for weak swimmers. The study demonstrates the adequacy and effectiveness of CFD models to complement traditional laboratory studies in understanding basic mechanisms beneficial to fish passage and to provide insights into future designs.     

斜坡带小型岩性油藏滚动评价——以吐哈盆地台北凹陷葡萄沟—葡北构造带为例

斜坡背景上叠置了局部背斜或鼻状凸起岩性圈闭,有利于截获从斜坡低部位运移上来的油气而聚集成藏。通常在凹陷的鼻状凸起或横梁斜坡,大型三角洲砂体较为发育,油气聚集受鼻状凸起或脊状构造控制,低幅度构造圈闭、岩性圈闭和构造-岩性圈闭为油气聚集的主要场所,储集层砂体、沟通断裂和不整合面为油气输导的主要通道。葡萄沟—葡北构造带发育的岩性油藏远离生油凹陷区,具有构造隐蔽、单井控制储量小、圈闭落实难度大等特点,正确认识各种成藏要素及其配置关系,对该区岩性油藏的滚动评价具有重要意义。该区储集层横向变化快,非均质性强,油水关系复杂,制约了油田高效开发。通过对构造、油藏及储集层发育特征进行综合分析,总结了研究区油气聚集规律,建立了研究区储集层沉积及油气成藏模式。