自发参量下转换制备双光子纠缠态在量子信息学中的应用

叙述了自发参量下转换制备双光子纠缠态技术的发展历程、技术原理以及在量子信息学中的应用，并介绍了国内这一领域的进展。     

Can Fusion and Fission Breeding Help Civilization Survive?

As apparent from the title, this author feels that civilization faces a real threat, one which will become obvious and serious within the lifetimes of many readers of this article. This threat is not global warming, but lack of affordable energy. We take for granted turning on a light, or adjusting our thermostats in winter or summer, or filling our cars gas tank; and lose sight of the fact that there are huge and complicated industrial systems which make this possible. But as we run out of petroleum and natural gas, and worry about the environmental and climatic effects of burning coal on the required scale, how can this continue? This paper makes the case that breeding nuclear fuel, by both fusion and fission, is the only way our civilization as we know it, can continue beyond the next half century or so.     

基于高抗热震性能的陶瓷刀具材料的微观结构设计

本文以现有的抗热震断裂和抗热震损伤的评价理论为基础，通过对材料中微裂纹的长度进行预测，从而实现了对陶瓷刀具材料的抗热震性能的微观结构设计。根据此理论对现有材料的抗热震性能的进行预测，预测结果与实际的测量结果相符，验证了该理论的正确性。     

自发参量下转换光场的实验研究进展综述

自发参量下转换(spontaneous parametric down-conversion,SPDC)光场是基于单色泵浦光子流和量子真空噪声对非线性晶体的综合作用而产生的,它固有的量子起源决定了在非经典光场研究中的重要地位和作用.对SPDC光场的相干特性和它在绝对测量光电探测器量子效率中的应用进行了深入而细致的研究和探讨.     

Spontaneous emulsification aspect of enhanced oil recovery

Recent studies have suggested the possibility of spontaneous emulsification as a mechanism for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The discussions have, however, remained essentially qualitative. A study was therefore undertaken to estimate quantitatively the contribution of spontaneous emulsification as an EOR mechanism. The tests were conducted on several bulk liquid/liquid systems as well as by displacement experiments in unconsolidated synthetic sand packs. Spontaneous emulsification was found to be a mechanism for EOR: the estimated extra contribution to EOR due to this mechanism was found to be significant in laboratory scale displacement experiments. Tertiary recovery was always greater when spontaneous emulsification was evident than otherwise. Results of tests on bulk liquid/liquid systems indicate that the occurrence or absence of spontaneous emulsification can be correlated with the values of ‘partition parameter’. It may be concluded that higher oil recoveries may be achieved in chemical EOR processes where interface mass transfer (and the accompanying spontaneous emulsification) occurs. The evaluation of efficiency of residual oil mobilisation through the capillary number theory (with and without spontaneous emulsification) is also discussed. Displacement tests with spontaneously emulsifying systems showed that residual oil left behind a conventional waterflood was mobilised in a range of capillary numbers much less than that which applies to low-tension waterfloods.     

应用磷灰石裂变径迹研究大民屯凹陷的古地温

为深刻认识辽河盆地古地温特征，利用裂变径迹分析方法，对大民屯凹陷钻井岩心中19块磷灰石样品的裂变径迹年龄和长度做了测试。结果表明，随井深增加，径迹年龄和平均径迹长度有减少、变短的显著趋势，ES3^4地层磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄比地层年龄年轻得多，说明沉积后曾长时间处于退火带中，退火带古地温为74～130℃，有效加热时间为4l～45Ma，2300～4000m深度地层处于退火过渡带。将径迹长度分布特征与地史、热史模拟结果相结合，认为该区在ES4段末经历一次短时间迅速增温后，ES3^1亚段存在一个区域抬升降温的热事件过程，其后地层稳定下降，沉降幅度小、沉积物较薄，温度增加缓慢，古地温梯度高于今地温梯度，对生、排烃较为有利。     

Effect of Water Vapor on the Release of Fission Gases from Uranium Oxycarbide in High-Temperature, Gas-Cooled Reactor Coated Fuel Particles

The hydrolysis of uranium oxycarbide (UCO) was studied by injecting water vapor into a fuel element containing a known number of high-temperature, gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) coated particles with exposed fuel kernels. The experiments were conducted in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at temperatures between 700° and 1000°C, a system pressure of 200 kPa, and partial pressures of water vapor between 21 and 199 Pa. The general sequential response of the exposed fuel kernels to water vapor addition consisted of (1) a rapid release of stored fission gas with a concomitant increase in the steady-state release and (2) a period of constant steady-state release. Upon cessation of the addition of water vapor, a decline in the release to prehydrolysis values generally occurred. The release of stored fission gas was dependent on the square of the partial pressure of water vapor. The ratio of the constant steady-state release to the prehydrolysis value was independent of the partial pressure of water vapor. The time constant for the decline in the release was the same in all of the hydrolysis tests.     

大采高综采工作面瓦斯与煤自燃综合治理技术

针对张集煤矿1215（3）高产高效综采工作面高瓦斯、易自燃开采过程中的安全问题,本文介绍了大采高综采工作面采空区顶板高位抽采技术,优化顶板走向钻孔位置,结合顺层钻孔和上隅角埋管等抽采瓦斯措施综合治理瓦斯,同时采取均压通风、加快工作面推进速度、采空区灌浆、注氮等技术措施防治煤自燃,保证了回采期间回风流瓦斯浓度平均小于0.5%,CO浓度20PPm以下,实现了工作面的正常安全生产。研究成果为淮南矿区一次采全高高产高效工作面的瓦斯、防火治理提供了借鉴经验。     

注氮惰化窒息燃烧煤炭氧浓度的实验研究

利用煤炭自燃实验系统,对龙固煤矿7煤煤样的自燃过程进行了模拟实验.实验研究了注氮情况下的煤氧化煤温、自燃状态与氧含量的变化关系,确定了龙固煤矿7煤煤样窒息的最低氧浓度,研究结果对使用注氮防治煤炭自燃技术的应用具有重要的现实指导意义.