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1.
深凹露天矿山由于其特殊的结构,爆破产生的炮烟扩散稀释较为困难,严重危害生产作业人员的生命安全与健康。基于实际矿山构建了深凹露天矿山的二维物理及数学模型,采用非稳态数值分析方法研究了不同爆破位置下,深凹露天矿山采坑内爆破炮烟的扩散规律。研究结果表明:不同爆破位置下,露天采坑内均出现复环流,爆破点位置是影响露天采坑内风流结构特征的重要因素;露天采坑内的炮烟最高浓度均随着时间变化而逐渐下降,但下降的速率逐步减小,呈现三个阶段的下降趋势;爆破位置位于背风侧时露天采坑内的炮烟最高浓度和降至安全浓度所需时间远高于迎风侧三个爆破位置;随着背风侧爆破点距采坑底部距离的减小,炮烟最高浓度及降至安全浓度所需时间先降低后增加,炮烟最高浓度及降至安全浓度所需时间随着迎风侧爆破位置距采坑底部距离的减小而增加。研究结果对于指导深凹露天矿山企业合理组织爆破后的生产作业和保障作业人员安全具有重要意义。  相似文献   
2.
The fuel cell/battery durability and hybrid system stability are major considerations for the power management of fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) operating on complicated driving conditions. In this paper, a real time nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with stability analyze is formulated for power management of FCHEB. Firstly, the mathematical model of hybrid power system is analyzed, which is established for control-oriented design. Furthermore, the NAC-based strategy with quadratic Lyapunov function is set up to guarantee the stability of closed-loop power system, and the power split between fuel cell and battery is controlled with the durability consideration. Finally, two real-time power management strategies, state machine control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), are implemented to evaluate the performance of NAC-based strategy, and the simulation results suggest that the guaranteed stability of NAC-based strategy can efficiently prolong fuel cell/battery lifespan and provide better fuel consumption economy for FCHEB.  相似文献   
3.
为研究高面板堆石坝的地震易损性,基于增量动力分析(IDA)与支持向量机(SVM)相结合的方法,首先利用拉丁超立方抽样(LHS)方法从人工生成的100条地震动中随机选取30条,选定PGA为地震动强度指标,坝顶竖向位移为性能指标,通过对每条地震动进行等间距调幅,对面板坝进行有限元计算及对结果进行IDA分析,提取各条地震动在所选性能指标不同极限状态下的PGA;然后引入SVM,以代表地震动特性的参数为输入,以PGA为输出,训练并测试SVM模型;最后利用SVM模型做快速预测,在考虑不同地震动数目的条件下,分析面板坝的地震易损性,并绘制地震易损性曲线。研究结果表明,IDA-SVM方法在分析大坝易损性的问题上具有可行性和有效性,且考虑不同地震动数目所得的地震易损性曲线不尽相同。  相似文献   
4.
The combustion characteristics of ammonia/methanol mixtures were investigated numerically in this study. Methanol has a dramatic promotive effect on the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of ammonia. Three mechanisms from literature and another four self-developed mechanisms constructed in this study were evaluated using the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures from Wang et al. (Combust.Flame. 2021). Generally, none of the selected mechanisms can precisely predict the measured laminar burning velocities at all conditions. Aiming to develop a simplified and reliable mechanism for ammonia/methanol mixtures, the constructed mechanism utilized NUI Galway mechanism (Combust.Flame. 2016) as methanol sub-mechanism and the Otomo mechanism (Int. J. Hydrogen. Energy. 2018) as ammonia sub-mechanism was optimized and reduced. The reduced mechanism entitled ‘DNO-NH3’, can accurately reproduce the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures under all conditions. A reaction path analysis of the ammonia/methanol mixtures based on the DNO-NH3 mechanism shows that methanol is not directly involved in ammonia oxidation, instead, the produced methyl radicals from methanol oxidization contribute to the dehydrogenation of ammonia. Besides, NOx emission analysis demonstrates that 60% methanol addition results in the highest NOx emissions. The most important reactions dominating the NOx consumption and production are identified in this study.  相似文献   
5.
A dual-coolant integrated experimental facility named DRAGON-V has been developed at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for the key technology research and performance evaluation of candidate liquid lithium-lead (PbLi) blanket of hydrogen fusion reactors. The loop is composed of a material test sub-loop and thermal-hydraulic test sub-loop, the design parameters are PbLi inventory 20 tons, PbLi temperature up to 550 °C, the maximum PbLi flow rate up to 40 kg/s. A novel cold trap system is designed to remove the suspended and crystalized impurities in PbLi fluid with three cooling zones and cross row arrangement of rod bundle filter elements. The paper describes the loop itself and its major components, initial loop testing, flow and measurement diagnostics and current experiments. The obtained test results of the loop and its components have demonstrated that the new facility is fully functioning and ready for experimental studies of material corrosion with/without a magnetic field, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect, purification, heat and mass transfer phenomena in PbLi flows and can also be used in mock-up testing in conditions relevant to fusion applications.  相似文献   
6.
徐吉信 《江西煤炭科技》2022,(1):163-165,168
通过对崔庄煤矿煤炭自然发火规律的研究及气体分析法在该矿自然发火预测预报中的实际应用,阐述了正确布置监测取样点,并采用多种指标进行综合分析的必要性。提出了预测发火的范围、分析漏风点位置、在火区治理过程中验证灭火效果等,也是气体分析法预测预报的重要组成部分。  相似文献   
7.
选取赤铁矿和石英两种纯矿物,十二胺、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、GE609、N-十二烷基乙二胺四种胺类捕收剂,研究了不同pH值和捕收剂浓度对两相泡沫稳定性的影响以及不同粒级的赤铁矿和石英对三相泡沫稳定性的影响。结果表明,除N-十二烷基乙二胺外,其余三种胺类捕收剂溶液的泡沫半衰期均随着捕收剂浓度的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,且泡沫稳定性总体呈现酸性>中性>碱性的规律。N-十二烷基乙二胺的泡沫半衰期随浓度的增加逐渐升高,泡沫稳定性呈现碱性>中性>酸性的规律;在四种胺类捕收剂体系中,加入不同粒级石英或者赤铁矿颗粒后均能够在一定程度上提高泡沫的稳定性,颗粒粒度越细,泡沫越稳定,-18μm粒级石英颗粒的影响尤为明显;石英提高泡沫稳定性的程度远高于赤铁矿,加入细粒级的石英颗粒能够大幅度提高泡沫稳定性。微细粒级石英是急剧提高胺类捕收剂浮选泡沫稳定性的关键因素。  相似文献   
8.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(4):3176-3191
Milk concentrates are used in the manufacturing of dairy products such as yogurt and cheese or are processed into milk powder. Processes for the nonthermal separation of water and valuable milk ingredients are becoming increasingly widespread at farm level. The technical barriers to using farm-manufactured milk concentrate in dairies are minimal, hence the suspicion that the practice of on-farm raw milk concentration is still fairly uncommon for economic reasons. This study, therefore, set out to investigate farmers' potential willingness to adopt a raw milk concentration plant. The empirical analysis was based on discrete choice experiments with 75 German dairy farmers to identify preferences and the possible adoption of on-farm raw milk concentration. The results showed that, in particular, farmers who deemed the current milk price to be insufficient viewed on-farm concentration using membrane technology as an option for diversifying their milk sales. We found no indication that adoption would be impeded by a lack of trustworthy information on milk processing technologies or capital.  相似文献   
9.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(5):3926-3938
Sensory and physical properties of 2 lemon-flavored beverages with 5% and 7.5% wt/wt nonfat dry milk (NFDM) at pH 2.5 were studied during storage. The 2 beverages had similar volatile compounds, but the 5% NFDM had higher aroma and lemon flavor, with a preferred appearance by consumers due to the lower turbidity and viscosity. After 28 d of storage at 4°C, lemon flavor decreased in the 5% NFDM beverage but was still more intense than the 7.5% one. During 70 d of storage, no microorganisms were detected, and the beverages were more stable when stored at 4°C than at room temperature according to changes of physical properties measured for appearance, turbidity, color, particle size, zeta potential, rheological properties, and transmission electron microscopy morphology. Findings of the present study suggest that NFDM may be used at 5% wt/wt to produce stable acidic dairy beverages with low turbidity when stored at 4°C.  相似文献   
10.
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