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1.
Apical membrane antigen 1 is a microneme protein which plays an indispensable role during Apicomplexa parasite invasion. The detailed mechanism of AMA-1 molecular interaction with its receptor on bovine erythrocytes has not been completely defined in Babesia bovis. This study was focused on identifying the minimum B. bovis AMA-1-derived regions governing specific and high-affinity binding to its target cells. Different approaches were used for detecting ama-1 locus genetic variability and natural selection signatures. The binding properties of twelve highly conserved 20-residue-long peptides were evaluated using a sensitive and specific binding assay based on radio-iodination. B. bovis AMA-1 ectodomain structure was modelled and refined using molecular modelling software. NetMHCIIpan software was used for calculating B- and T-cell epitopes. The B. bovis ama-1 gene had regions under functional constraint, having the highest negative selective pressure intensity in the Domain I encoding region. Interestingly, B. bovis AMA-1-DI (100YMQKFDIPRNHGSGIYVDLG119 and 120GYESVGSKSYRMPVGKCPVV139) and DII (302CPMHPVRDAIFGKWSGGSCV321)-derived peptides had high specificity interaction with erythrocytes and bound to a chymotrypsin and neuraminidase-treatment sensitive receptor. DI-derived peptides appear to be exposed on the protein’s surface and contain predicted B- and T-cell epitopes. These findings provide data (for the first-time) concerning B. bovis AMA-1 functional subunits which are important for establishing receptor-ligand interactions which could be used in synthetic vaccine development.  相似文献   
2.
东北地区是我国粮食的主产区和最重要的流出区域。东北地区粮食外运中,受原粮产后储藏条件、设施装备、运输方式、品质监测、储粮生态区域变化等因素限制,存在原粮损失偏高、颗粒破损、虫害发展、表面结露、局部发热、储藏品质和食味品质下降甚至霉变等质量问题,建议推进粮食分类分级、品质检测、绿色储粮工艺、运粮通道物流设施完善、提高“四散化”运输率和集装箱运输率、粮食物流信息服务、粮食食用及加工需求产销对接、粮食品质监测追溯等技术应用,加强保质流通标准体系建设,为我国粮食保质运输提供技术参考。  相似文献   
3.
通过对浙江省美丽乡村精品线的理论研究与实践分析,得出美丽乡村精品线既是一条融居住生活、农业生产、休闲旅游、生态保护等功能于一体的风景带,也是一条链接沿线各类要素、促进区域联动发展的产业带。以义乌市"多彩华溪"美丽乡村精品线为例,从人居环境、农业产业、休闲旅游3个系统,规划和实施2个层面总结精品线实践经验,为美丽乡村精品线的建设提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献   
4.
Fire spread and growth on real‐scale four cushion mock‐ups of residential upholstered furniture (RUF) were investigated with the goal of identifying whether changes in five classes of materials (barrier, flexible polyurethane foam, polyester fiber wrap, upholstery fabric, and sewing thread), referred to as factors, resulted in statistically significant changes in burning behavior. A fractional factorial experimental design plus practical considerations yielded a test matrix with 20 material combinations. Experiments were repeated a minimum of two times. Measurements included fire spread rates derived from video recordings and heat release rates (HRRs). A total of 13 experimental parameters (3 based on the videos and 10 on the HRR results), referred to as responses, characterized the measurements. Statistical analyses based on Main Effects Plots (main effects) and Block Plots (main effects and factor interactions) were used. The results showed that three of the factors resulted in statistically significant effects on varying numbers of the 13 responses. The Barrier and Fabric factors had the strongest main effects with roughly comparable magnitudes. Foam was statistically significant for fewer of the responses and its overall strength was weaker than for Barrier and Fabric. No statistically significant main effects were identified for Wrap or Thread. Multiple two‐term interactions between factors were identified as being statistically significant. The Barrier*Fabric interaction resulted in the highest number of and strongest statistically significant effects. The existence of two‐term interactions means that it will be necessary to consider their effects in approaches designed to predict the burning behavior of RUF.  相似文献   
5.
Standardization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) fingerprint region for paints and assessment on the reproducibility using different spectrophotometers were investigated. While selective fingerprint regions may be confusing for technicians/analysts who are non-chemists, we attempt to generalize these regions (e.g., 1300–1000 cm−1 for Epoxy part A and 1400–1000 cm−1 for Epoxy part B) by choosing a universal region (2000–900 cm−1) that works for different paints. Comparison result using a paired student t-test shows that the degree of similarity (r) values from the studied regions are not statistically different. The paint fails the screening analysis occasionally on-site when analyzed using handheld FTIR due to the higher level of noise that gives low r values (r < 0.900 ± 0.002). The same samples were analyzed using a benchtop FTIR and the r values are above 0.900 ± 0.002. While the screening may lead to a false rejection of the sample on-site, there could be occurrence of false acceptance. The on-site screening of EPZ part A with different formulations, for instance, shows that the r values over the entire IR spectrum are above 0.900 ± 0.002 when analyzed using handheld FTIR. After the samples were analyzed using the benchtop, the r values fall below 0.900 ± 0.002.  相似文献   
6.
平台支持船由于作业需要通常配备有动力定位系统,其在侧推工况下舱室噪声超标较为严重。针对这个问题采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,得到侧推螺旋桨作用在导管上的脉动压力,并将时域计算结果转换成噪声计算的激励条件。采用有限元(FE)与统计能量分析(SEA)混合方法建立船体中频段FE-SEA耦合模型并建立船体高频段SEA模型,对某65 m AHTS船侧推工况下全频段(63 Hz~8000 Hz)舱室噪声进行预报,分析该船噪声分布规律及主要影响因素。并建立起全船的SEA模型,在中频段对比SEA与FE-SEA两种方法得到的舱室声压级频谱曲线,验证了使用混合模型的必要性。  相似文献   
7.
Utilizing inner-crystal piezoelectric polarization charges to control carrier transport across a metal-semiconductor or semiconductor–semiconductor interface, piezotronic effect has great potential applications in smart micro/nano-electromechanical system (MEMS/NEMS), human-machine interfacing, and nanorobotics. However, current research on piezotronics has mainly focused on systems with only one or rather limited interfaces. Here, the statistical piezotronic effect is reported in ZnO bulk composited of nanoplatelets, of which the strain/stress-induced piezo-potential at the crystals’ interfaces can effectively gate the electrical transport of ZnO bulk. It is a statistical phenomenon of piezotronic modification of large numbers of interfaces, and the crystal orientation of inner ZnO nanoplatelets strongly influence the transport property of ZnO bulk. With optimum preferred orientation of ZnO nanoplatelets, the bulk exhibits an increased conductivity with decreasing stress at a high pressure range of 200–400 MPa, which has not been observed previously in bulk. A maximum sensitivity of 1.149 µS m−1 MPa−1 and a corresponding gauge factor of 467–589 have been achieved. As a statistical phenomenon of many piezotronic interfaces modulation, the proposed statistical piezotronic effect extends the connotation of piezotronics and promotes its practical applications in intelligent sensing.  相似文献   
8.
9.
漏磁检测广泛应用于铁磁性材料设备的在线检测当中,是一种有效的缺陷检测方法。如何利用缺陷漏磁信号进行三维不规则缺陷轮廓重构是漏磁检测中的关键问题。然而,三维不规则缺陷漏磁检测的有限元模型计算量大,因此难以快速获得精确的漏磁信号,并且由于缺陷重构的不适定性,研究中不容易获得不规则缺陷的精确轮廓。本文提出了一种用于计算三维不规则缺陷漏磁信号的单元磁偶极带叠加模型,并验证了使用该正演模型进行漏磁计算的有效性,针对三维缺陷轮廓重构的高维优化问题,提出了一种带边界约束的基于信赖域的投影Levenberg-Marquart算法,实现了三维不规则缺陷轮廓的重构。实验结果表明:该三维不规则缺陷重构方法不仅不需要大量的漏磁检测数据,并且相对于群智能算法,重构误差降低了90.1%,最大深度误差降低了53.9%,耗费时间减少了96.1%,实现了高精度的缺陷重构。  相似文献   
10.
针对通用目标检测算法在检测航空影像目标所表现的性能缺陷,提出一种改进Mask R-CNN算法用于航空影像的目标检测。该算法增加图像融合网络,将可见光图像与红外图像进行融合,消除目标被阴影遮蔽对检测造成的影响;同时改进了特征金字塔结构,使特征提取过程中的高层语义特征和低层定位信息得到充分融合,各尺度目标的检测精度得到提升;为解决小目标检测精度低和定位难度高的问题,该算法采用新型区域建议网络SD-RPN,在不同深度的卷积层设置合理大小的滑动窗口,用以检测不同尺度类型目标,使建议区域更加精准。实验结果表明,相比较主流检测算法,该算法在VEDAI数据集上表现出色,检测精度提升较大,尤其是小目标检测的精度提升显著。  相似文献   
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