Effects of structural parameters on water film properties of transpiring wall reactor

Corrosion and salt deposition problems severely restrict the industrialization of supercritical water oxidation. Transpiring wall reactor can effectively weaken these two problems by a protective water film. In this work, methanol was selected as organic matter, and the influences of vital structural parameters on water film properties and organic matter removal were studied via numerical simulation. The results indicate that higher than 99% of methanol conversion could be obtained and hardly affected by transpiration water layer, transpiring wall porosity and inner diameter. Increasing layer and porosity reduced reactor center temperature, but inner diameter's influence was lower relatively. Water film temperature reduced but coverage rate raised as layer, porosity, and inner diameter increased. Notably, the whole reactor was in supercritical state and coverage rate was only approximately 85% in the case of one layer. Increasing reactor length affected slightly the volume of the upper supercritical zone but enlarged the subcritical zone.     

缺水传感器改进设计

针对一种煤矿用本安型缺水传感器在现场安装及维护难度大,以及抽采泵供水状态下管道内有水但传感器检测显示为无水,或抽采泵停止工作时传感器检测显示有水问题,分析原产品中磁体及探头感应装置结构。改进其结构形式,并优化安装,使检测稳定可靠。实现抽采泵管道用缺水传感器的可靠性设计和轻量化设计。     

Quantification of Dendritic Spines Remodeling under Physiological Stimuli and in Pathological Conditions

Numerous brain diseases are associated with abnormalities in morphology and density of dendritic spines, small membranous protrusions whose structural geometry correlates with the strength of synaptic connections. Thus, the quantitative analysis of dendritic spines remodeling in microscopic images is one of the key elements towards understanding mechanisms of structural neuronal plasticity and bases of brain pathology. In the following article, we review experimental approaches designed to assess quantitative features of dendritic spines under physiological stimuli and in pathological conditions. We compare various methodological pipelines of biological models, sample preparation, data analysis, image acquisition, sample size, and statistical analysis. The methodology and results of relevant experiments are systematically summarized in a tabular form. In particular, we focus on quantitative data regarding the number of animals, cells, dendritic spines, types of studied parameters, size of observed changes, and their statistical significance.     

Influence of temperature on acoustic emission source location accuracy in underground structure

An acoustic emission (AE) experiment was carried out to explore the AE location accuracy influenced by temperature. A hollow hemispherical specimen was used to simulate common underground structures. In the process of heating with the flame, the pulse signal of constant frequency was stimulated as an AE source. Then AE signals received by each sensor were collected and used for comparing localization accuracy at different temperatures. Results show that location errors of AE keep the same phenomenon in the early and middle heating stages. In the later stage of heating, location errors of AE increase sharply due to the appearance of cracks. This provides some beneficial suggestions on decreasing location errors of structural cracks caused by temperature and improves the ability of underground structure disaster prevention and control.     

Structure,mechanical and thermal properties of Y-doped CrAlN coatings

CrAlYN coatings with different Y contents (0, 5 and 12 at.%) were deposited by cathodic arc evaporation to investigate the influence of Y-addition on the structure, mechanical and thermal properties of CrAlN coatings by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis and nanoindentation. The structural transformation of single phase cubic Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coatings to cubic–wurtzite mixed Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N coating leads to a drop in hardness from (30.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.42Al_0.58N and (32.0±1.0) GPa of Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N to (25.2±0.7) GPa of Cr_0.32Al_0.56Y_0.12N. The incorporation of 5 at.% Y retards the thermal decomposition of CrAlN, verified by the postponed precipitation of w-AlN and N-loss upon annealing. Correspondingly, Cr_0.39Al_0.56Y_0.05N coating consistently exhibits the highest hardness value during thermal annealing. Nevertheless, alloying with Y exerts an adverse effect on the oxidation resistance of CrAlN.     

Preparation of P(St-NMA) microsphere inks and their application in photonic crystal patterns with brilliant structural colors

Patterned photonic crystals with structural colors on textile substrates have attracted a special attention due to the great advantages in application, which currently become a research hot-spot. This study utilized an ink-jet printing technology to prepare high-quality photonic crystal patterns with structural colors on polyester substrates. The self-assembly temperature of poly(styrene-N-methylol acrylamide) (P(St-NMA)) microspheres set to construct photonic crystals were deeply optimized. Moreover, the structural colors of prepared photonic crystal patterns were characterized and evaluated. When the mass fraction of P(St-NMA) microspheres was 1.0 wt.%, the pH value ranged from 5 to 7, and the surface tension was in the range of 63.79 to 71.20 mN/m, inks could present the best print performance. At 60 °C, prepared P(St-NMA) microsphere inks were good for printing to obtain patterned photonic crystals with regular arrangement and beautiful structural colors. Specifically, photonic crystals with different colors could be constructed by regulating the diameter of microspheres in inks, and prepared structural colors exhibited distinct iridescent phenomenon. The present results could provide a theoretical basis for the industrial realization of patterned photonic crystals by ink-jet printing technology.     

电脑横机编织三维全成形口罩结构建模与工艺实践

为探究用电脑横编机开发全成形针织产品的可能性,以针织三维全成形口罩为开发对象,进行结构建模与工艺实践。首先对人体面部尺寸进行测量,以此确定全成形口罩的二维纸样;然后结合全成形口罩规格尺寸进行工艺计算,以四针床电脑横编机和SDS-ONE APEX3系统为开发工具,分别建立针织三维全成形口罩的口罩主体、过滤垫片口袋开口、挂耳带部位的结构模型。结果表明:通过对口罩的规格设计并建立结构模型,同时结合工艺参数的调节并优化其生产技术,可实现兼具美观性与舒适性三维全成形口罩的快速生产,结合功能性原料可开发高附加值的口罩产品。     

矿用直线振动筛结构故障分析

针对煤矿选煤厂直线振动筛工作过程中出现的结构故障问题,采用有限元仿真与现场测试结合的方法对振动筛出现故障的原因进行了分析研究。介绍了振动筛的主要结构及常见故障,并以某矿选煤厂发生大梁断裂的振动筛为例,对该振动筛进行三维建模和有限元模态分析,分析结果表明:随着模态阶次的增加,振型的变化逐渐由移动转为结构本身的扭曲变形。在该振动筛空载工作状态下,选用本质安全型便携式测振记录仪进行振动测试并处理测试信号,得到该振动筛的工作频率。结合模态分析结果和实际测试结果,判断出空载时频繁运行振动筛是造成其大梁断裂的主要原因。根据故障原因给出维护建议:应当尽量避免振动筛在空载或物料较少的状态下长时间运行;在振动筛投入使用前,应预先了解振动筛的工作状态及可能存在的薄弱环节,尽可能避免结构故障,保证振动筛可靠运行。     

秋里塔格构造带盐下构造层变形特征及油气勘探潜力

秋里塔格构造带位于库车坳陷中部,受南天山造山作用的影响,发育一系列冲断构造,具明显的分层变形特征。依据地面露头和地震资料,秋里塔格构造带以古近系库姆格列木群及新近系吉迪克组膏盐岩为中心,可划分为盐上构造层、膏盐岩构造层和盐下构造层;受挤压作用,膏盐岩差异流动,在地表形成多排线性褶皱带,盐上构造层则发育逆冲推覆及反冲构造,而盐下构造层的变形特征主要受控于挤压应力和古生代古隆起,具有明显的分段性。中秋—东秋段位于新和—牙哈古隆起北坡,盐下构造层发育与克深构造带相似的冲断构造,可形成幅度高、规模较大的断背斜圈闭,油气勘探潜力大;佳木—西秋段位于温宿和西秋古生代古隆起之上,盐下构造层不发育冲断构造,盐下圈闭以低幅度断背斜和断块为主,规模不大,勘探潜力相对较小。     

Isolation and identification of two major acylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. cultivar Eshu No. 8) by UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS and NMR

In recent years, researches on the isolation and preparation of monomeric anthocyanins have intensified because of the requirements of quantitative and structure–bioactivity relationship analyses. However, simple and effective methods about the scale of monomeric anthocyanins from the natural purple sweet potato powder are rarely reported. In this study, high molecular weight acylated monomeric anthocyanins were isolated from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. cultivar Eshu No. 8) via the combination of column chromatography and semi‐preparative HPLC technology and identified mainly by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS) and ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Two major acylated anthocyanins were unambiguously determined as peonidin 3‐O‐(6‐O‐(E)‐caffeoyl‐(2‐O‐(6‐O‐p‐hydroxybenzoyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside)‐5‐O‐(β‐D‐glucopyranoside) and peonidin 3‐O‐(6‐O‐(E)‐caffeoyl‐(2‐O‐(6‐O‐(E)‐feruloyl)‐β‐D‐ glucopyranosyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside)‐5‐O‐(β‐D‐glucopyranoside). The results of this study may help promote the purification of high molecular weight acylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato as well as from other plant materials in nature.