Information Security Policy Compliance: Leadership and Trust

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of trust variables (trust: competence, trust: benevolence, trust: integrity) on leadership regarding the organization’s information security policy (ISP) compliance. An instrument with four constructs was used to collect data from 474 non-management subjects from various organizations in the USA. Collected data were analyzed through multiple regression procedure. Results revealed that all trust variables (trust: competence, trust: benevolence, trust: integrity) were influential in predicting the leadership regarding the organization’s ISP compliance. The findings are discussed and implications for practice are outlined. Conclusion, limitations, and recommendations for future research are drawn.     

A passivity‐based simple adaptive synergetic control for a class of nonlinear systems

For a class of nonlinear systems with the representation {A(x), B(x), C} and where the system parameters and dynamics are unknown, a simple adaptive synergetic controller ensuring the asymptotic convergence of the system to a desired manifold is proposed based on the technique of simple adaptive control (SAC). It is well known that the design of the synergetic control (SC) law requires a thorough knowledge of the system parameters and dynamics. Such problem obstructs the synthesis of the SC law and the designer is prompted to pass through the estimation methods, which, in turn, poses a problem of increasing the computation time of the control algorithm. To cope with this problem, a solution is proposed by modifying the original SC law to develop an SAC‐like adaptive SC law without the need of prior knowledge of the system. The stability of the proposed adaptive controller is formally proven via the Lyapunov approach. Experimental application to a quadrotor system is given to validate the theoretical results.     

融合信任和基于概率矩阵分解的推荐算法

针对推荐精度不准确、数据稀疏、恶意推荐的问题，提出融合信任基于概率矩阵分解（PMF）的新推荐模型。首先，通过建立基于信任的协同过滤模型（CFMTS）将改进的信任机制融入到协同过滤推荐算法中。信任值通过全局信任及局部信任计算获得，其中局部信任利用了信任传播机制计算用户的直接信任值和间接信任值得到，全局信任采用信任有向图的方式计算得到。然后，将信任值与评分相似度融合以解决数据稀疏、恶意推荐的问题。同时，将CFMTS融入到PMF模型中以建立新的推荐模型——融合信任基于概率矩阵分解模型（MPMFFT），通过梯度下降算法对用户特征向量和项目特征向量进行计算以产生预测评分值，进一步提高推荐系统的精准度。通过实验将提出的MPMFFT与经典的PMF、社交信息的矩阵分解（SocialMF）、社交信息的推荐（SoRec）、加权社交信息的推荐（RSTE）等模型进行了结果的对比和分析，在公开的真实数据集Epinions上MPMFFT的平均绝对误差（MAE）和均方根误差（RMSE）比最优的RSTE模型分别降低2.9%和1.5%，同时在公开的真实数据集Ciao上MPMFFT的MAE和RMSE比最优的SocialMF模型分别降低1.1%和1.8%，结果证实了模型能在一定程度上解决数据稀疏、恶意推荐问题，有效提高推荐质量。     

Factors that determine residents’ acceptance of smart city technologies

ABSTRACT

While some cities attempt to determine their residents’ demand for smart-city technologies, others simply move forward with smart-related strategies and projects. This study is among the first to empirically determine which factors most affect residents’ and public servants’ intention to use smart-city services. A Smart Cities Stakeholders Adoption Model (SSA), based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), is developed and tested on a mid-size U.S. city as a case study. A questionnaire was administered in order to determine the influence of seven factors – effort expectancy, self-efficacy, perceived privacy, perceived security, trust in technology, price value and trust in government – on behaviour intention, specifically the decision to adopt smart-city technologies. Results show that each of these factors significantly influenced citizen intention to use smart-city services. They also reveal perceived security and perceived privacy to be strong determinants of trust in technology, and price value a determinant of trust in government. In turn, both types of trust are shown to increase user intention to both adopt and use smart-city services. These findings offer city officials an approach to gauging residential intention to use smart-city services, as well as identify those factors critical to developing a successful smart-city strategy.     

基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术研究

当前,骚扰电话乱象屡禁不止,严重影响了人民群众的正常生活,甚至威胁到个人财产安全,因此简单有效地识别骚扰电话技术成为亟待解决的问题。区别于现有的对电话号码进行黑白名单标记、大数据分析等识别方法,提出基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术,从可信度量的角度计算来电号码的可靠程度,并针对高危受害群体的典型应用场景进行分析,通过对骚扰电话的预判,降低其受到电话骚扰甚至电话诈骗的可能性。     

政府和社会资本间信任对PPP项目绩效的影响——合作行为的中介作用

为解释以往关于信任对项目绩效正向或负向影响的研究分歧，以 PPP 项目为背景，构建以信任（能力信任和善意信任）为自变量、项目绩效为因变量、合作行为（角色内行为和角色外行为）作为中介变量的理论模型。通过结构方程模型分析 286 份有效问卷，结果表明:能力信任和善意信任对 PPP 项目绩效起正向促进作用，角色内行为和角色外行为对 PPP项目绩效起正向促进作用。同时，角色内行为和角色外行为在能力信任、善意信任与 PPP 项目绩效间均发挥部分中介作用。研究结果有助于深入理解中国 PPP 情境下不同维度信任对项目绩效的影响，也为 PPP 项目实践中面临的绩效低下问题提供了管理建议。     

基于京津冀协同发展的资源型企业生态工程建设

自然资源是人类赖以生存的重要资源,随着资源型企业的发展,非再生资源短缺与耗竭状况凸显,环境污染与生态危机非常严峻。京津冀协同发展,必须加强生态环境治理,推进生态文明建设。资源型企业作为京津冀共生体中的基本单元,在京津冀生态文明建设以及产业转型升级中发挥着重要作用。资源型企业生态工程以资源有效利用和环境保护为出发点,重视符合人性化和生态要求的设计,强调经济效益与生态效益之间的协调,旨在提升企业的生命力与综合竞争力。全面推进资源型企业实施生态工程,必须以"绿水青山"理念为引领,树立全员生态责任意识,加强生态工程的科学规划与设计,实现节能减排,提高资源综合利用率,大力推进生态恢复工作,提高生态环境管理水平。     

Consumer confidence in the safety of milk and infant milk formula in China

A series of food safety incidents related to domestically produced dairy in China harmed consumer confidence and caused a dramatic decrease in dairy consumption from 2008 to 2010. Compared with previous studies that mainly assessed consumer confidence in food or dairy in general, this study focused on 2 specific dairy products, milk and infant milk formula (IMF). Based on data from 934 Chinese consumers, confidence in the safety of milk and IMF was measured by using a multi-item scale with 2 dimensions—optimism and pessimism. We found that Chinese consumers were optimistic about the safety of milk and IMF but, at the same time, were concerned about the risks related to milk and IMF. Chinese consumers have less confidence in IMF than in milk. Structural equation modeling indicated that consumer trust in manufacturers and third parties in the dairy supply chain and confidence in other foods, such as meat and fish, can foster consumer confidence in the safety of milk and IMF, while the extent of recall of the melamine infant formula incident in 2008 and trait worry exert negative effects. In addition, consumers with more children or less family income are likely to be more confident in domestically produced IMF. These insights into consumer confidence and its determinants can assist dairy supply chains and regulatory institutions in formulating effective risk communication strategies to strengthen consumer confidence.     

基于Agent的信任的情感劝说决策模型

基于智能体(Agent)的信任的情感劝说能更好地发挥Agent的各项人工智能优势。针对其中决策模型建立不够的现状,首先基于Agent的自身性格、情感衰减及外界刺激,运用大五性格、OCC情感模型及情感强度第一定律等,构建了相应的情感强度算法;其次考虑交易质量对信任的反馈,综合运用语言评价法、三角模糊数及将模糊数转换为具体分数(CFCS)算法,对Agent的交易质量进行模糊化和去模糊化处理,构建了相应的交易质量算法;再次对已有的信任更新因子进行改进后,构建了Agent的信任更新算法;最后在构建以上算法的基础上,采用交互式多准则决策(TODIM)法建立了基于Agent的信任的情感劝说决策模型,并采用熵权法对模型中的属性权重进行设定。为验证以上研究的合理性和有效性,设计了相应算例进行阐述,分析了不同参数取不同值得到的决策结果,并与相关研究进行了比较分析,得出了相应结论和管理启示,进一步归纳了不足之处和未来研究方向。     

微波协同活性炭和H_2O_2处理苯酚废水的研究

对微波协同H2O2和活性炭降解苯酚废水的研究。考察了活性炭用量、H2O2用量、微波辐射功率、微波辐射时间、pH和活性炭使用次数对苯酚降解效果的影响。结果表明：对于100 mg/L的苯酚废水来说,微波辐射功率为210 W,辐射时间为4 min,活性炭用量为1.0 g,H2O2用量为1.0 mL,pH为5时,苯酚去除率可达到93.56%。将该方法作用于实际废水中,苯酚的去除率也能达到89%以上。通过对比实验,发现微波、活性炭、H2O2对处理苯酚废水起协同作用。并用该方法处理1 m3的实际废水,大约需要3.64元。