OWL‐based acquisition and editing of computer‐interpretable guidelines with the CompGuide editor

Computer‐Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) are the dominant medium for the delivery of clinical decision support, given the evidence‐based nature of their source material. Therefore, these machine‐readable versions have the ability to improve practitioner performance and conformance to standards, with availability at the point and time of care. The formalisation of Clinical Practice Guideline knowledge in a machine‐readable format is a crucial task to make it suitable for the integration in Clinical Decision Support Systems. However, the current tools for this purpose reveal shortcomings with respect to their ease of use and the support offered during CIG acquisition and editing. In this work, we characterise the current landscape of CIG acquisition tools based on the properties of guideline visualisation, organisation, simplicity, automation, manipulation of knowledge elements, and guideline storage and dissemination. Additionally, we describe the CompGuide Editor, a tool for the acquisition of CIGs in the CompGuide model for Clinical Practice Guidelines that also allows the editing of previously encoded guidelines. The Editor guides the users throughout the process of guideline encoding and does not require proficiency in any programming language. The features of the CIG encoding process are revealed through a comparison with already established tools for CIG acquisition.     

Information Security Policy Compliance: Leadership and Trust

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of trust variables (trust: competence, trust: benevolence, trust: integrity) on leadership regarding the organization’s information security policy (ISP) compliance. An instrument with four constructs was used to collect data from 474 non-management subjects from various organizations in the USA. Collected data were analyzed through multiple regression procedure. Results revealed that all trust variables (trust: competence, trust: benevolence, trust: integrity) were influential in predicting the leadership regarding the organization’s ISP compliance. The findings are discussed and implications for practice are outlined. Conclusion, limitations, and recommendations for future research are drawn.     

融合信任和基于概率矩阵分解的推荐算法

针对推荐精度不准确、数据稀疏、恶意推荐的问题，提出融合信任基于概率矩阵分解（PMF）的新推荐模型。首先，通过建立基于信任的协同过滤模型（CFMTS）将改进的信任机制融入到协同过滤推荐算法中。信任值通过全局信任及局部信任计算获得，其中局部信任利用了信任传播机制计算用户的直接信任值和间接信任值得到，全局信任采用信任有向图的方式计算得到。然后，将信任值与评分相似度融合以解决数据稀疏、恶意推荐的问题。同时，将CFMTS融入到PMF模型中以建立新的推荐模型——融合信任基于概率矩阵分解模型（MPMFFT），通过梯度下降算法对用户特征向量和项目特征向量进行计算以产生预测评分值，进一步提高推荐系统的精准度。通过实验将提出的MPMFFT与经典的PMF、社交信息的矩阵分解（SocialMF）、社交信息的推荐（SoRec）、加权社交信息的推荐（RSTE）等模型进行了结果的对比和分析，在公开的真实数据集Epinions上MPMFFT的平均绝对误差（MAE）和均方根误差（RMSE）比最优的RSTE模型分别降低2.9%和1.5%，同时在公开的真实数据集Ciao上MPMFFT的MAE和RMSE比最优的SocialMF模型分别降低1.1%和1.8%，结果证实了模型能在一定程度上解决数据稀疏、恶意推荐问题，有效提高推荐质量。     

Factors that determine residents’ acceptance of smart city technologies

ABSTRACT

While some cities attempt to determine their residents’ demand for smart-city technologies, others simply move forward with smart-related strategies and projects. This study is among the first to empirically determine which factors most affect residents’ and public servants’ intention to use smart-city services. A Smart Cities Stakeholders Adoption Model (SSA), based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), is developed and tested on a mid-size U.S. city as a case study. A questionnaire was administered in order to determine the influence of seven factors – effort expectancy, self-efficacy, perceived privacy, perceived security, trust in technology, price value and trust in government – on behaviour intention, specifically the decision to adopt smart-city technologies. Results show that each of these factors significantly influenced citizen intention to use smart-city services. They also reveal perceived security and perceived privacy to be strong determinants of trust in technology, and price value a determinant of trust in government. In turn, both types of trust are shown to increase user intention to both adopt and use smart-city services. These findings offer city officials an approach to gauging residential intention to use smart-city services, as well as identify those factors critical to developing a successful smart-city strategy.     

基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术研究

当前,骚扰电话乱象屡禁不止,严重影响了人民群众的正常生活,甚至威胁到个人财产安全,因此简单有效地识别骚扰电话技术成为亟待解决的问题。区别于现有的对电话号码进行黑白名单标记、大数据分析等识别方法,提出基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术,从可信度量的角度计算来电号码的可靠程度,并针对高危受害群体的典型应用场景进行分析,通过对骚扰电话的预判,降低其受到电话骚扰甚至电话诈骗的可能性。     

政府和社会资本间信任对PPP项目绩效的影响——合作行为的中介作用

为解释以往关于信任对项目绩效正向或负向影响的研究分歧，以 PPP 项目为背景，构建以信任（能力信任和善意信任）为自变量、项目绩效为因变量、合作行为（角色内行为和角色外行为）作为中介变量的理论模型。通过结构方程模型分析 286 份有效问卷，结果表明:能力信任和善意信任对 PPP 项目绩效起正向促进作用，角色内行为和角色外行为对 PPP项目绩效起正向促进作用。同时，角色内行为和角色外行为在能力信任、善意信任与 PPP 项目绩效间均发挥部分中介作用。研究结果有助于深入理解中国 PPP 情境下不同维度信任对项目绩效的影响，也为 PPP 项目实践中面临的绩效低下问题提供了管理建议。     

Consumer confidence in the safety of milk and infant milk formula in China

A series of food safety incidents related to domestically produced dairy in China harmed consumer confidence and caused a dramatic decrease in dairy consumption from 2008 to 2010. Compared with previous studies that mainly assessed consumer confidence in food or dairy in general, this study focused on 2 specific dairy products, milk and infant milk formula (IMF). Based on data from 934 Chinese consumers, confidence in the safety of milk and IMF was measured by using a multi-item scale with 2 dimensions—optimism and pessimism. We found that Chinese consumers were optimistic about the safety of milk and IMF but, at the same time, were concerned about the risks related to milk and IMF. Chinese consumers have less confidence in IMF than in milk. Structural equation modeling indicated that consumer trust in manufacturers and third parties in the dairy supply chain and confidence in other foods, such as meat and fish, can foster consumer confidence in the safety of milk and IMF, while the extent of recall of the melamine infant formula incident in 2008 and trait worry exert negative effects. In addition, consumers with more children or less family income are likely to be more confident in domestically produced IMF. These insights into consumer confidence and its determinants can assist dairy supply chains and regulatory institutions in formulating effective risk communication strategies to strengthen consumer confidence.     

An Advanced Analysis of Cloud Computing Concepts Based on the Computer Science Ontology

Our primary research hypothesis stands on a simple idea: The evolution of top-rated publications on a particular theme depends heavily on the progress and maturity of related topics. And this even when there are no clear relations or some concepts appear to cease to exist and leave place for newer ones starting many years ago. We implemented our model based on Computer Science Ontology (CSO) and analyzed 44 years of publications. Then we derived the most important concepts related to Cloud Computing (CC) from the scientific collection offered by Clarivate Analytics. Our methodology includes data extraction using advanced web crawling techniques, data preparation, statistical data analysis, and graphical representations. We obtained related concepts after aggregating the scores using the Jaccard coefficient and CSO Ontology. Our article reveals the contribution of Cloud Computing topics in research papers in leading scientific journals and the relationships between the field of Cloud Computing and the interdependent subdivisions identified in the broader framework of Computer Science.