全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7303篇 |
免费 | 980篇 |
国内免费 | 555篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1138篇 |
综合类 | 648篇 |
化学工业 | 372篇 |
金属工艺 | 81篇 |
机械仪表 | 562篇 |
建筑科学 | 354篇 |
矿业工程 | 275篇 |
能源动力 | 95篇 |
轻工业 | 339篇 |
水利工程 | 135篇 |
石油天然气 | 168篇 |
武器工业 | 89篇 |
无线电 | 1351篇 |
一般工业技术 | 701篇 |
冶金工业 | 252篇 |
原子能技术 | 143篇 |
自动化技术 | 2135篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 116篇 |
2022年 | 168篇 |
2021年 | 221篇 |
2020年 | 250篇 |
2019年 | 210篇 |
2018年 | 178篇 |
2017年 | 259篇 |
2016年 | 328篇 |
2015年 | 317篇 |
2014年 | 473篇 |
2013年 | 557篇 |
2012年 | 560篇 |
2011年 | 558篇 |
2010年 | 430篇 |
2009年 | 431篇 |
2008年 | 433篇 |
2007年 | 517篇 |
2006年 | 457篇 |
2005年 | 399篇 |
2004年 | 313篇 |
2003年 | 266篇 |
2002年 | 232篇 |
2001年 | 199篇 |
2000年 | 162篇 |
1999年 | 128篇 |
1998年 | 100篇 |
1997年 | 89篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 67篇 |
1994年 | 50篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 43篇 |
1991年 | 29篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1959年 | 5篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有8838条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
蒙特卡洛法需使用大量电网抽样数据,花费的风险评估时间长,提出一种改进蒙特卡洛法实现高效智能电网实时运行风险评估。从多方面考虑,构建智能电网风险评价指标体系,明确蒙特卡洛法存在抽样次数多及方差系数大的问题;将交叉熵重要抽样法与分散抽样法相结合,构建近似函数,令原本电网中微小概率事件转换为大概率事件,减少算法抽样次数和方差系数,提高算法的计算效率。实验表明,所提方法能够有效识别正常状态下及元件失效条件下的电网实时运行风险,并通过失效线路负荷转移的方式有效降低了智能电网实时运行风险。 相似文献
2.
针对一类多速率多智能体系统,研究在事件触发机制下的非脆弱H∞一致性控制问题。为了更符合实际需要,采用多速率采样策略,并通过提升技术将多速率采样转化为单速率采样。考虑到智能体间的通信负担,引入事件触发机制来减少智能体间的通信次数。此外,考虑到控制器在执行过程中可能出现的不精确性,本文设计一种可以容忍执行过程中变化/波动的控制器。综上,本文的目的是设计一种基于观测器的事件触发非脆弱控制器来实现多智能体系统的H∞一致性控制。利用线性矩阵不等式技术,得到使系统满足H∞一致性控制的充分条件,然后设计控制器参数。最后,为了说明事件触发控制方法的有效性,给出一个数值仿真实例。 相似文献
3.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(12):9623-9638
A simulation study was conducted to examine accuracy of estimating daily O2 consumption, CO2 and CH4 emissions, and heat production (HP) using a spot sampling technique and to determine optimal spot sampling frequency (FQ). Data were obtained from 3 experiments where daily O2 consumption, emissions of CO2 and CH4, and HP were measured using indirect calorimetry (respiration chamber or headbox system). Experiment 1 used 8 beef heifers (ad libitum feeding; gaseous exchanges measured every 30 min over 3 d in respiration chambers); Experiment 2 used 56 lactating Holstein-Friesian cows (restricted feeding; gaseous exchanges measured every 12 min over 3 d in respiration chambers); Experiment 3 used 12 lactating Jersey cows (ad libitum feeding; gaseous exchanges measured every hour for 1 d using headbox style chambers). Within experiment, averages of all measurements (FQALL) and averages of measurements selected at time points with 12, 8, 6, or 4 spot sampling FQ (i.e., sampling every 2, 3, 4, and 6 h in a 24-h cycle, respectively; FQ12, FQ8, FQ6, and FQ4, respectively) were compared. Within study a mixed model was used to compare gaseous exchanges and HP among FQALL, FQ12, FQ8, FQ6, and FQ4, and an interaction of dietary treatment by FQ was examined. A regression model was used to evaluate accuracy of spot sampling within study [i.e., FQALL (observed) vs. FQ12, FQ8, FQ6, or FQ4 (estimated)]. No interaction of diet by FQ was observed for any variables except for CH4 production in experiment 1. No FQ effect was observed for gaseous exchanges and HP except in experiment 2 where CO2 production was less (5,411 vs. 5,563 L/d) for FQ4 compared with FQALL, FQ12, and FQ8. A regression analysis between FQALL and each FQ within study showed that slopes and intercepts became farther from 1 and 0, respectively, for almost all variables as FQ decreased. Most variables for FQ12 and FQ8 had root mean square prediction error (RMSPE) less than 10% of the mean and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) greater than 0.80, and RMSPE increased and CCC decreased as FQ decreased. When a regression analysis was conducted with combined data from the 3 experiments (mixed model with study as a random effect), results agreed with those from the analysis for the individual studies. Prediction errors increased and CCC decreased as FQ decreased. Generally, all the estimates from FQ12, FQ8, FQ6, and FQ4 had RMSPE less than 10% of the means and CCC greater than 0.90 except for FQ6 and FQ4 for O2 consumption and CH4 production. In conclusion, the spot sampling simulation with 3 indirect calorimetry experiments indicated that FQ of at least 8 samples (every 3 h in a 24-h cycle) was required to estimate daily O2 consumption, CO2 and CH4 production, and HP and to detect changes in those in response to dietary treatments. This sampling FQ may be considered when using techniques that measure spot gas exchanges such as the GreenFeed and face mask systems. 相似文献
4.
针对复杂模型近似处理的问题,提出自适应采样结合曲面曲率的全局近似方法. 采用自适应设计域分割采样方法获取新增采样点,逐步提高源模型的响应面近似模型精度. 引入判定响应面近似模型精度,提出利用几何方法计算曲面曲率,并结合启发式直接搜索算法(DIRECT)搜索响应面模型上的最大曲率点及设计域最佳分割位置. 所提方法可以运用于其他响应面模型,并适合用于大设计域、大数据源模型的近似处理. 函数源模型及复杂电动车模型的近似处理测试结果表明,所提方法具有实用性和有效性. 相似文献
5.
为考察花色苷在马铃薯块茎中的含量分布差异,探讨兼具代表性和经济性的科学取样方法。试验选取颜色不同的三个彩色马铃薯品种(系):黑金刚、品系21-1和剑川红作为试验材料,从块茎大小、薯块纵向、横向三个角度分析了马铃薯花色苷的含量差异。结果表明:同株采收的马铃薯,大、中、小薯间花色苷含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05),差异程度受品种(系)因素影响;同一块茎中,花色苷含量沿横向分布存在显著性差异(P<0.05),横向分布上薯皮中花色苷含量显著高于薯肉。其中,剑川红薯皮中花色苷含量约是薯肉中的7倍,黑金刚薯皮中花色苷含量约是薯肉中的2.5倍,品系21-1薯皮中花色苷含量比薯肉中高1.5倍;在纵向分布上,花色苷含量亦存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。其中,黑金刚与21-1的块茎顶部和脐部花色苷含量显著高于中部,剑川红的块茎顶部花色苷显著高于中部和脐部;部分取样对整体的代表性方面:分别以块茎纵切后按取对角2份、随机取1份和取整薯三种方式取样,花色苷在三种取样方式下测定结果差异不显著(P?0.05),表明通过纵切取少部分薯块样本即可满足对整体块茎花色苷含量水平的有效定量;样品打浆与样品研磨相比,显著降低了块茎花色苷的含量测定结果(P<0.05),不适用于研究分析。因此,纵切取对角的取样方式适用于马铃薯花色苷含量检测时块茎取样。 相似文献
6.
基于抽样基本原理研究了应用于燃耗计算的不确定度分析方法,并开发了燃耗计算不确定度分析程序。基于评价核数据库ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0的裂变产额标准差和衰变常量标准差计算得到了衰变常量协方差矩阵和带相关性的裂变产额协方差矩阵,并结合SCALE6.2程序包的56群反应截面协方差数据库,对Takahama-3压水堆组件基准题中SF95-4样品进行不确定度分析。计算了反应截面、衰变常量和裂变产额不确定度引起的核素积存量的不确定度。计算结果表明,反应截面的不确定度是锕系核素积存量不确定度的主要来源,裂变产额和衰变常量的不确定度对部分裂变产物的积存量会引入较大的不确定度。但考虑裂变产额相关性后,裂变产额引起的不确定度显著降低。 相似文献
7.
8.
Elise Laszlo Gregory De Crescenzo Alfonso Nieto-Argüello Xavier Banquy Davide Brambilla 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(46):2106061
The noninvasive sampling of dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) for the monitoring of clinical biomarkers is a greatly appealing area of research. The identification of molecular biomarkers in biological fluids has been accelerated with -omics analyses but remains limited in ISF because of its time-consuming and complex extraction process. Here, the generation of microneedle (MN) patches made of superabsorbent acrylate-based hydrogels for the rapid sampling of dermal ISF is described to explore its proteome. In depth, iterative optimization allows the identification of novel acrylate-based compositions with the required chemical, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties allowing proteomic analysis of the extracted ISF for the first time after sampling with swelling MNs. The generated MN arrays show no cytotoxic effect, successfully cross the stratum corneum, and can collect up to 6 µL of dermal ISF in 10 min in vivo. Proteomics lead to the detection of 176 clinically relevant biomarkers in the collected samples validating the use of ISF as a relevant bodily fluid for disease monitoring and diagnostic. Importantly, it is discovered that extraction fingerprint is strongly dependent on the MNs chemistry, and thus specific biomarkers could be selectively extracted by tuning the composition of the patch, making the system versatile and specific. 相似文献
9.
Nirupaplava Metta Rohit Ramachandran Marianthi Ierapetritou 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(2):e17095
Identification of feasible region of operations in multivariate processes is a problem of interest in several fields. This is particularly challenging when the process model is black-box in nature and/or is computationally expensive, as analytical solutions are not available and the number of possible model evaluations is limited. An efficient methodology is required to identify samples where the model is evaluated for developing a computationally efficient surrogate model. In this work, an artificial neural network based surrogate model is proposed which is integrated with a statistical-based approach (Jack-knifing) to estimate the variance of the surrogate model prediction. This allows implementation of an adaptive sampling approach where new samples are identified close to the feasible region boundary or in regions of high prediction uncertainty. The proposed approach performs better than a previously published kriging based method for different dimensionality case studies. 相似文献
10.
剩余使用寿命(RUL)预测是高功率半导体激光器在各种环境应力作用下可靠性评估的核心问题。在实际应用中,现有支持向量回归(SVR)方法均侧重于保证所训练模型的回归曲线的整体误差最小,以追求方法的泛化性,这往往造成关键预警阶段特别是临近故障失效前的预测结果不理想,不能可靠地支持维护决策。提出了一种基于整群抽样的SVR模型训练方法,对测试样本后期观测数据进行多次整群抽样后用于SVR模型测试,SVR模型中的参数使得SVR模型对训练样本的后期数据拟合得更好。实例分析验证了该方法的有效性和稳健性,研究结果表明,所提方法的预测性能和实用价值优于现有几种代表性的小样本分析方法。 相似文献