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Plausible costs of photovoltaic power plants of concentration are presented. Costs are based as much as possible on the recent experience of solar thermal plants. Efficiencies, on the existing world experience of PV power plants. The result is that the costs of concentrating photovoltaic plants should be of 0.08 ECUs/ kWh, about 1/3 of that of flat module plants, and of the same order of magnitude, even lower, than those attributed to solar thermal plants of present technology. For the future, high concentration systems based on Si or tandem cells seem to be the most promising, also in the range of costs of the advanced solar thermal plants. 相似文献
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TAKAO MUKAI NAOFUMI WATANABE TAKAHIRO TOBA TAKATOSHI ITOH SUSUMU ADACHI 《Journal of food science》1991,56(4):1017-1018
A water soluble polysaccharide “kefiran” produced by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens was examined for its gel-forming and rheological properties. Kefiran (3%) formed gel in the presence of ethanol (4–10%). The gel strength in 8% ethanol was comparable to that of 3% gelatin gel in water. Addition of casein (3%) increased gel strength 1.5–2.0 fold. The unique properties of kefiran may make it a useful food additive. 相似文献
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VIVIANE DAL-SOUTO FRESCURA RIELLE WOUTERS KUHN HAYWOOD DAIL LAUGHINGHOUSE IV JUÇARA TEREZINHA PARANHOS SOLANGE BOSIO TEDESCO 《Biocell》2013,37(2):23-28
Species of the genus Psychotria are used for multiple purposes in Brazilian folk medicine, either
as water infusions, baths or poultices. This study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxic and antiproliferative
effects of infusions of Psychotria brachypoda and P. birotula on the Allium cepa test. Exposure to distilled
water was used as a negative control, while exposure to glyphosate was used as a positive control. The interaction of extracts (as a post-treatment) with the effects of glyphosate was also studied. Results showed that
glyphosate and the extracts of both P. brachypoda and P. birotula reduced the mitotic index as compared with
the negative control (distilled water). Surprisingly, however, both extracts from P. brachypoda and P. birotula
caused a partial reversal of the antiproliferative effect of glyphosate when used as a post-treatment. Glyphosate also induced the highest number of cells with chromosomal alterations, which was followed by that of
P. birotula extracts. However, the extracts from P. brachypoda did not show any signifi cant genotoxic effect.
Post-treatment of glyphosate-treated samples with distilled water allowed a partial recovery of the genotoxic
effect of glyphosate, and some of the Psychotria extracts also did so. Notably, post-treatment of glyphosatetreated samples with P. brachypoda extracts induced a statistically signifi cant apoptotic effect. It is concluded
that P. brachypoda extracts show antiproliferative effects and are not genotoxic, while extracts of P. birotula
show a less potent antiproliferative effect and may induce chromosomal abnormalities. The finding of a partial
reversion of the effects of glyphosate by a post-treatment with extracts from both plants should be followed up. 相似文献
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TAKAHIRO WATANABE HIROSHI AKIYAMA SOHEILA MALEKI HIROHITO YAMAKAWA KEN IIJIMA FUMINORI YAMAZAKI TAKASHI MATSUMOTO SATOSHI FUTO FUMIHIRO ARAKAWA MASATOSHI WATAI TAMIO MAITANI 《Journal of Food Biochemistry》2006,30(2):215-233
A qualitative method for detection of peanuts in foods using polymerase chain reaction was developed. A universal primer pair CP 03‐5′/CP 03‐3′ was designed to confirm the validity of the DNAs for PCR. The plant‐specific amplified fragments were detected from 13 kinds of plants using the universal primer pair. In addition, for the specific detection of peanuts with high sensitivity, the primer pair agg 04‐5′/agg 05‐3′ was designed to detect the gene encoding the peanut agglutinin precursor. The primer pair specifically generates a 95‐bp amplified fragment from peanut genomic DNA. Five hundred femto grams of peanut genomic DNA can be detected using the established method. The same qualitative results were obtained from both model processed and nonprocessed food samples containing 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% of peanut. Moreover, it was shown that the trace amount of peanut in the commercial food products could be qualitatively detected using this method. The reproducibility and applicability of the proposed methods were verified in a six‐laboratory collaborative study. 相似文献
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A Simple Method to Determine Synchronous Machine Quantities Using Frequency Characteristics of Operational Impedances 下载免费PDF全文
AKIRA TANAKA SHU YAMAMOTO TAKAHIRO ARA KAZUTO SAKAI SHUJI KOMURO 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2017,200(4):45-52
This paper presents a simple method for determining synchronous machine quantities: d‐ and q‐axes time constants and reactances. This method determines them only by drawing additional lines in the frequency characteristics of operational impedances. A new systematic drawing strategy for determining transient/subtransient open‐circuit time constants and the d‐axis transient reactance is proposed. The frequency characteristics of operational impedances are obtained by the standstill dc test using a small dc power supply. Since the rotational test becomes unnecessary, the proposed method is suitable for tests in a factory. The validity of the proposed method was demonstrated with a numerical calculation example on a large‐capacity machine (800 MVA, 25 kV, two poles, 60 Hz) and an implementation test on a small‐capacity machine (10 kVA, 200 V, 31.9 A, four poles, 50 Hz). 相似文献
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The production of nano- to micro-scale olivine (magnesium and iron silicate) crystals has been achieved at relatively low temperatures through an iodine vapour transport of the metal onto amorphous silicon dioxide. The process occurs down a temperature gradient from 800 to 600 °C yielding high quality crystals with long range crystallinity, highly complex interconnectivity and intricate macroscale architecture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the substrate before and after the reaction reveals that the amorphous silicon oxide species is mobile, due to the lack of correlation between the silicon oxide layer and the final olivine particles, leading to a vapour–liquid–solid or vapour–solid growth mechanism. This technique demonstrates a facile, low temperature synthetic route towards olivine crystals with nano- to micro-scale dimensions. 相似文献
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TAKAHIRO FUNAMI FUMIO YOTSUZUKA HIDEO YADA YUKIHIRO NAKAO 《Journal of food science》1998,63(4):575-579
Dynamic viscoelasticity and thermal characteristics of a model reduced fat pork sausage containing curdlan were investigated. Curdlan formed thermoirreversible gels during preparation of sausage at end point temperatures that were within the range in which such gels usually transform from thermoreversible to thermoirreversible. Dynamic viscoelasticity of curdlan gels and thermal characteristics of curdlan aqueous suspensions were analyzed to help explain the physicochemical behavior of curdlan gels in sausage. Once formed curdlan gels exhibited stronger thermoirreversibility with increasing concentrations. The thermoirreversibility could be attributed to the curdlan concentration being higher than the maximum theoretical curdlan to water ratio. 相似文献
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TAKAHIRO YAMASHITA SEIICHI TAKAMATSU HIRONAO OKADA TOSHIHIRO ITOH TAKESHI KOBAYASHI 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2018,204(1):52-58
In this paper, we present a novel flexible sensor array manufacturing process that involves transfer printing methods using a chip mounter with a vacuum collet. We successfully transfer‐printed continuously very fragile microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)‐based 5‐mm‐long, 1‐mm‐wide, 5‐μm‐thick high‐aspect‐ratio ultrathin PZT (1.9 μm)/Si (3 μm) strain sensors onto a polyimide based flexible printed‐circuit (FPC) substrate with etched Cu wiring. Then, we connected the sensors to the Cu wiring by printing insulating and conductive pastes using a screen printer. The output voltage based on the deformation behavior of the test plate was generated from the flexible piezoelectric strain sensor array attached to the plate. Therefore, the developed piezoelectric sensor array is capable of easily performing the distribution measurement of the strain leading to damage such as cracks. 相似文献
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Semi-continuous Hydrolysis of Sweet Potato Raw Starch by Chalara paradoxa Glucoamylase 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
TAKAHIRO NODA TOSHIO OHTANI TAKEO SHIINA YOSHIHIKO NAWA 《Journal of food science》1992,57(6):1348-1352
Effect of preservatives was investigated on semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch by Chalara paradoxa glucoamylase which digests both raw and gelatinized starch. Potassium metabisulfite strongly inhibited raw starch digesting activity (RDA) although gelatinized starch digesting activity was only slightly inhibited. Potassium sorbate, among the preservatives examined, showed the weakest inhibition (below 10%) on RDA. In the presence of potassium sorbate, semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch in a 20L scale hollow fiber UF membrane pilot reactor proceeded efficiently at 30% (w/v) initial concentration of raw starch at pH 5.0 and 40°C. Glucose production was 5.7 to 6.0 g/hr/L. 相似文献