塑料配方设计的一些要点

介绍了塑料配方设计时应考虑的因素,如树脂的选择,塑料助剂的选择,助剂的形态及加入量,助剂间的相互影响,卫生与环保要求,价格及来源等,并举出了一些具有实用性的例子。     

乳液法聚氯乙烯树脂热稳定性的提高

引言 热稳定性是树脂的一个重要性能,对于聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂这一性能尤为重要,因为PVC树脂的热稳定性较差,在加工成型过程中会释放出氯化氢而逐步分解。为了提高PVC树脂的热稳定性,国内外PVC工作者对其稳定性差的原因已进行了大量工作。研究发现理想的头一尾PVC结构在300℃以下是稳定的。PVC树脂热稳定     

糊用PVC树脂乳化剂剖析方法的研究

以甲醇为溶剂,采用固体萃取法可以从商品糊用聚氯乙烯树脂提取该树脂的乳化剂。然后应用柱层析分离技术以硅胶作为固定相,丙酮为第一洗脱剂,50％含水乙醇为第二洗脱完叶,能较好分离阴离子型和非离子型乳化剂。这样便于应用现代化仪器分析技术进行结构推测。本文还研究了两种类型的乳化剂的定量比例。     

电动车用电机电控系统技术现状

只有研发出先进的电机电控系统才能够有效促进电动车动力性、经济性、安全性、舒适性和可靠性等性能的提高,增加电动车相对燃油车辆的可比性,从而奠定电动车发展的坚实基础。     

锂离子电池外部短路电压行为预测模型评价

锂离子电池外部短路瞬间产生大电流引发安全事故频繁发生,精确的模型是风险预警的基础。围绕外部短路故障,从不同初始荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、不同温度两方面开展了Thevenin等效电路模型与单粒子电化学模型的电压预测精度评价与复杂性对比。结果表明,Thevenin模型精度随初始SOC降低而下降,随环境温度升高上升;单粒子模型精度受初始SOC影响较小,随温度升高先上升后下降。针对Thevenin模型短路中精度下降等问题,提出了应用电感元件的模型优化方法。模型方均根误差小于60 mV,精度提升了76%;针对单粒子模型在外部短路大电流中精度变差的问题,提出了使用双电层放电和锂离子扩散限制进行建模的模型优化方法。模型方均根误差小于40 mV,精度提升了64%。优化后的模型分析结果表明：Thevenin模型实时性高,单粒子模型弥补了电池漏液时Thevenin模型的失效,但计算复杂;前者可用在外部短路的前期诊断和预警中,后者可用在外部短路发生后的热管理或热安全研究中。     

燃料电池电动客车动力系统结构及控制系统研究

以现有的纯电动中型客车为基础,通过重新定型设计,改装成质子交换膜燃料电池客车·首先对燃料电池混合动力系统结构形式进行了分析,确定了一种适合目前动力系统关键部件特性的结构形式·然后讨论了燃料电池电动客车的控制系统,提出了分级控制的方案·最后建立整车模型,进行了仿真实验·结果显示,该燃料电池电动客车的混合动力系统结构及控制系统能够满足车辆行驶的要求,动力性能比原车有了提高·     

约束系统特性对乘员碰撞响应影响的仿真研究

　Aim　To study the influence of restraint system performance upon the occupant's response during impact, and provide a scientific base for occupant restraint system design. Methods In the light of basic theory of multibody system dynamics and impact dynamics on the basis of classical theory of impact, R-W method is adopted to construct the vehicle-occupant system model consisting of fourteen rigid bodies, thirty seven DOFs and slip joints for the simulation. A software named SVC3D(3-dimensional simulation of vehicle crash) is developed in the FORTRAN language. Results The results of simulation have a good coincidence with those of tests and the restraint system with low elongation webbing and equipped with pretensioner provides better restraint effect for the occupant. Conclusion The model of vehicle-occupant multibody system and SVC3D are suitable for use. Occupant should be belted with low elongation webbing to a certain degree and occupant restraint system should be equipped with pretensioner.     

Study on Ultracapacitors Parameter Design and Control Strategy of Electric Bus

Based on the analysis of ultracapacitors efficiency and vehicle driving character, three conditions restricting the ultracapacitors charge/discharge time are derived. The study focuses on ultracapacitors specific design rules decided by charge/discharge time and how to integrate with battery packs and converter through ultracapacitors＇voltage and current double regulators. Through BFC6100-EV electric bus test, it is shown that the proposed method and control strategy are feasible and the system can effectively improve the bus dynamic performance and ability to receive braking energy effectively.     

Statistical Analysis for the Driving Cycle of Beijing＇s Bus

According to the test data of the driving model for Beijing‘s bus routes, 9 parameters and the actual values of Beijing bus are confirmed to evaluate the driving cycle, 2 ways of establishing driving cycle model are analyzed, the formula of calculating driving cycle is acquired, and the calculating driving cycle model and the statistical driving cycle model for the buses in Beijing urban areas are set up. This study provides scientific basis for selecting the bus type and confirming the design parameters and the running method in Beijing.     

汽车节能与环保技术

由于汽车燃油消耗的不断增加和汽车排放问题的加剧．汽车节油和环保问题日益突出，面对有限的石油资源和国家能源战略遇到的威胁与挑战．汽车节能与环保技术已成为汽车技术领域的研发热点．[编按]