煤灰熔融温度预测方法研究现状

为准确预测煤灰熔融温度,论述了国内外建立煤灰熔融温度预测模型的现状,重点分析了线性回归法、BP神经网络法、支持向量机法和Fact Sage软件法的应用情况及误差。回归分析法的应用最为广泛,其中利用最小二乘法拟合的预测公式的相关性系数较高,但适应性较差;BP神经网络法适应性较强,但必须输入大量数据对模型进行训练;支持向量机法虽然优于回归分析法与BP神经网络法,但不能阐明煤灰熔融过程中矿物演变规律,不能科学说明灰熔融特性变化机理。Fact Sage软件法不仅有较高的预测精度,还可阐明煤灰熔融过程中矿物质演变规律,优化煤灰熔融温度的评价标准,建立更可靠的预测模型。因此,Fact Sage软件法是应用前景广阔的煤灰熔融特性预测方法。     

煤基抗静电补强材料研究

论述了原料煤经超细粉碎、表面改性制作抗静电补强材料的可行性,并对此进行了经济效益情况分析.     

煤化工梯级多联产新材料技术

提出了一种煤化工梯级多联产新材料技术。该技术充分利用煤的结构和组成特点,高度集成了多种煤炭转化技术、后加工技术及配套技术,联产系列化高性能多功能煤基材料,体现了原子经济和循环经济的新思想,提升了煤基材料的技术含量和市场竞争力。     

纳米科技在聚合物改性方面的应用

无机纳米粒子改性的聚合物复合材料综合了无机、有机、纳米材料的优良特性,在许多领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文概述了国内外无机纳米粒子对聚合物改性,尤其是增强增韧的应用成果及最新进展,并分析了改性机理,指出了国内纳米粒子改性聚合物的发展前景与方向。     

羊场湾煤灰化过程中矿物演变规律及氧化物添加剂对其灰熔融特性的影响

煤的灰熔融特性及其调控规律研究对于德士古气化炉的长周期稳定运行具有重要影响。用X射线衍射分析（XRD）研究了羊场湾煤低温灰化样和高温灰化样中矿物的晶相特征,分析了高温灰化过程中矿物的演变过程。探讨了添加氧化物 (SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3和CaO)对羊场湾煤灰熔融特性的影响规律。结果表明,羊场湾煤中矿物质以石英和高岭石为主,在高温灰化过程中,这些矿物转变为钙长石和斜方钙沸石。钙长石不稳定在高温下极易形成其他低温共熔物,导致灰熔点降低。Fe2O3和Al2O3对羊场湾煤灰熔熔融温度的影响作用相反,随添加量增加,前者使灰熔熔融温度不断降低,后者使灰熔熔融温度不断升高。SiO2、CaO对羊场湾煤灰熔融温度的影响呈出随添加量的增加先降低,后增加的趋势。不同氧化物与煤灰中矿物在高温下的作用机理表现为,添加Fe2O3、SiO2和CaO时,分别生成了灰熔点较低或不稳定且极易生成低温共熔物的铁橄榄石、钙长石和钙铝黄长石;添加Al2O3时生成了灰熔点较高的莫来石。     

Thermal stability of degradable composite from ultrafine coal powder and polyethylene

Thermal degradation processes and kinetics of composites based on ultrafine coal powder and high density polyethylene （HDPE）, linear low density polyethylene （LLDPE） or low density polyethylene （LDPE） at different compositions were studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis （TG） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） in present work, to improve understandings in stabilization or degradation control of the composite. The results indicated that the coal facilitates melting of the polyethylene slightly before onset temperature, some chemical interactions were also observed in the composite. Coal participates in chain initiation, transfer and termination of the polymer, influences on thermal stability of composites lie in hydrogen acceptor effect of the coal. The thermal decomposition of the coals and the polymers can be modeled via the first order parallel reactions models in low temperatLire range. In higher temperature case, combination of aromatic macromolecular radical from coal with polymeric macromolecular radical gives rise to the greater activation energies of decomposition, thermal decomposition of the composites comply to step-by-step consecutive reactions models. Coal can be used as important degradation controlling additive to prepare functional materials.     

分散剂与神府煤成浆性的匹配规律

采用傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱法（ATR-FTIR）研究了分散剂官能团特征与神府煤（SFC）成浆性匹配规律。基于4种分散剂的ATR-FTIR分析结果,采用Gaussian分峰法计算了这些分散剂中亲水基团（-OH、-C-O、-C=O、-SO₃^-）和疏水基团（-CH₃、CH₂、-C=C）的分布,研究了分散剂中亲、疏水基团对神府煤成浆性的影响。结果表明：用ZFZ分散剂所制备的神府水煤浆（SFCWS）的定黏浓度最高,用MZS分散剂制备的SFCWS的浓度最低。这主要归因于ZFZ分散剂有较多的亲水基团,相对较少的疏水基团,与神府煤有良好匹配性。采用偏最小二乘法（PLS）建立了分散剂与神府煤定黏浓度预测模型和匹配度模型,选用JJN、DNC和SMS分散剂验证了模型的精确性,误差在±1%以内,同时定黏浓度预测值和匹配度的预测值与定黏浓度的实验值变化趋势一致。     

Compatibility of novel blends from polyolefin and coal

Melt blends of low-density polyethylene(LDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) and coal with various compositions were prepared through reactive extrusion. The rheological behaviour was studied with respect to the effect of blend ratio, shear rate using a rheometer to gain an understanding of processing parameters controlling industrial application. Compatibility was also evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results revealed that LDPE/EVA/coal is a partly compatible system showing pseudo-plastic behaviour, increase in viscosity with increased coal content appeares evident only at low shear rate region, viscosity tends to keep consistent approximately but irrelates to coal content at higher shear rate. Blends viscosity and compatibility are attibuted to changes in LDPE crystalline structure and entanglement,together with interaction between macromolecular aliphatic chains in coal and amorphous phase in LDPE and EVA at the boundaries of phases, which comes forth during the rearrangement process of the crystalline structure.     

物理-化学耦合活化法制煤基活性炭

以神府3#煤为原料,氢氧化钾为化学活化剂,水蒸气为物理活化剂,探讨了物理-化学耦合活化法制备煤基活性炭的工艺条件和耦合活化机理,考察了氢氧化钾与煤的浸渍比、活化温度及总活化时间对活性炭性能的影响.结果表明,当活化温度为700 ℃,碱渍比为0.5,活化时间为60 min时,活性炭的性能较好,碘吸附值为837 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为409 mg/g, BET比表面积943 m2/g,总孔容积达0.31 cm3/g,煤副产氢气约58 mmol/g.     

行星球靡干法制备煤超细粉研究

通过大量的实验,对行星球磨干法制备煤煤超粉进行了研究,并讨论了对影响粉煤出料粒径的主要工艺,确定最佳粉碎条件,并在数理分析与计算基础上总结出粉煤粒径与球煤比、粉碎时间、进料粒度的线性关系,为超细粉制备技术及粒径预报提供了一定的理论依据。