Simulation of pipelining pours point depressant beneficiated waxy crude oil through China West Crude Oil Pipeline

Flow properties of waxy crude oils,particularly the beneficiated waxy crude oils,are sensitive to shear history that the crude oil experienced,called the shear history effect.To simulate this shear history effect accurately is vital to pipeline design and operation.It has been demonstrated by our previous that the energy dissipation or entropy generation due to viscous flow in the shear process is a suitable parameter for simulating the shear history effect.In order to further verify the reliability of this approach,experimental simulations were conducted for three PPD-beneficiated waxy crude oils transported through the China West Crude Oil Pipeline,a most complicated long-distance-crude-oil-pipeline technically and operationally so far in China.The simulations were made by using a stirred vessel and with the energy dissipation of viscous flow as the shear simulation parameter.Comparison between the flow properties of crude oils obtained from field test and experimental simulations,it is found that the gel points and viscosities from experimental simulations are in good agreement with the field data.     

海底长输原油管道完整性管理探索与实践

受复杂运行环境的影响,海底管道运行安全面临严峻挑战。基于陆上管道完整性管理的基本理念,对海底管道进行了风险识别,并对主要面临的悬空、位移、第三方损坏以及管道本体缺陷4类风险进行了可靠性分析,对超出允许范围的风险管段采取技术和管理方面的管控措施,保证了海底长输原油管道的结构和功能的完整性以及运行安全,为国内复杂海域长输管道的完整性管理积累了经验。同时,根据实践中面临的问题,对海底长输原油管道的完整性管理提出了发展建议。     

六参数含蜡原油触变模型

含蜡原油在较低温度下具有典型的触变特征,触变模型是含蜡原油输送管道再启动数值模拟的基础。在分析现有触变模型的基础上,结合含蜡原油的特性以及悬浮体系流变学的相关理论,提出了一个适用于含蜡原油的包含6个参数的黏塑性触变模型,并利用基于剪切率阶跃方法测试的触变数据对该模型进行了检验。结果表明,该模型对触变数据的拟合效果优于目前常用的包含8个参数的Houska模型,与12个参数的双结构参数模型相当。与Houska模型和双结构参数模型相比,所提出的六参数模型因拟合参数少且状态方程形式较为简单,通过优化算法拟合确定的触变参数定性上更为合理,更适用于含蜡原油管道停输再启动数值模拟。