Synthesis and dielectric relaxation behavior of 55B2O3–15SiO2– 30Na2O: WO3 glass system

55 B₂O₃ – 15 SiO₂ – 30 Na₂O: x WO₃, (x ranging from 0 to 5 wt%) glass composites were prepared according to the melt-quenching procedure. The prepared samples were characterized via X-ray diffraction and broad band dielectric spectroscopy (viz., dielectric constant (ε₁), tanδ and AC conductivity (σ_AC) over a wide range of frequency and temperature). No sharp peaks were shown in the XRD pattern and is evidence of the amorphous nature of the samples. It turns out that the values of ε₁ and ε₂ are increasing at higher temperatures particularly at lower frequencies. The energy barrier height, W_M values decreased as 0.27, 0.25 and 0.22 while showed value of 0.29 eV for 5.0 wt% WO₃. In the dielectric modulus plots, two relaxation processes are found especially on the higher temperature side. It also shifted a higher frequency with increasing temperature. The values of exponent s have been found to lie between 0.48 and 0.74, which confirms that the conduction mechanism in the glass samples follows the correlated barrier hopping model. By calculating the activation energy associated with the relaxation processes and DC conductivity, it was found that the values are close, which indicates that the same charges contribute to the two processes.     

Enhanced α-Mn2O3 nanorods synthesized by one-pot hydrothermal route for supercapacitors

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Pseudo-capacitors are the emerging energy storage devices which forms a bridge between batteries and conventional capacitors. In the present...     

Ytterbium (III) oxide reinforced novel TeO2–B2O3–V2O5 glass system: Synthesis and optical,structural, physical and thermal properties

Different samples of xTeO₂.(25-y)B₂O₃.zV₂O₅.yYb₂O₃ (or TBVY) new glass material were synthesized by the classical melt-quenching method. Structural, optical, physical, and thermal analyses of the synthesized glasses were performed in addition to Monte Carlo simulation to test radiation shielding properties. The results showed that increasing ratios of Yb₂O₃ (y = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol%) produced monotonic density values of the synthesized glasses ranging from 4.70058 g cm^?3 to 5.01038 g cm^?3. XRD and FTIR analyses were used to confirm the glass structure of all samples. Optical transmittance and absorption parameters varied almost monotonically with increasing ratios of Yb₂O₃ indicating the ability to predict and control these properties using Yb₂O₃ additive. Furthermore, simulated radiation interaction parameters, such as attenuation coefficients and half-value layer, exhibited well-behaved dependence on the concentration ratio of the Yb₂O₃ additive. This approach to glass material synthesis demonstrate the useful synergetic effect of combining structural, optical, and radiation characteristics.     

The role of PbF2 on the gamma-ray photon,charged particles,and neutron shielding prowess of novel lead fluoro bismuth borate glasses

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - The radiation shielding characterization of glasses is vital in establishing their role in nuclear protection applications. This study...     

Photocatalytic activity and radiation-attenuation ability of copper ions surface-doped dysprosium oxide

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Herein, Cu ions surface-doped Dy2O3 photocatalyst (Cu–Dy2O3) is synthesized utilizing hydrothermal technique to degrade methyl violet...     

Influence of Bi2O3/WO3 substitution on the optical,mechanical, chemical durability and gamma ray shielding properties of lithium-borate glasses

Six different lithium bismuth boro-tungstate glasses with chemical composition 20Li₂O-(20-x)Bi₂O₃-xWO₃-60B₂O₃ (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mol%) were produced by the quenching method. Then, the glasses were investigated by means of their optical, mechanical, chemical durability and gamma ray shielding properties. Measured values of density and ultrasonic velocities were used to determine the elastic properties of the glasses. The optical band gap determined using the absorbance spectrum fitting (ASF) model was found to decrease under Bi₂O₃/WO₃ substitution. The presence of BO₃, BO₄, BiO₆, and WO₄ structural groups in the glasses was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dissolution rate in the glass 20Li₂O–15Bi₂O₃–5WO₃–60B₂O₃ (LBWB5) was found to be 10 times lower than 20Li₂O-20Bi₂O₃– 60B₂O₃. Mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) values of the produced glasses were determined using the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and Phy-X/PSD program. The photon attenuation parameters such as half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Z_eff), exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) were also studied. The obtained results showed that Bi₂O₃/WO₃ substitution has a direct impact on the photon attenuation abilities of produced glasses. More specifically, HVL values increased from 0.252 × 10^?2 cm for LBWB0 glass to 0.275 × 10^?2 cm for LBWB5 glass. However, different trends were observed for the photon buildup factors for the produced glasses. It can be concluded that the produced glasses have promising structural, optical, and photon attenuation properties to be used for gamma shielding applications.     

Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties of (ZnO)0.8 (ZrO2)0.2 Nanoparticles

Calcination temperature has influenced the structural and optical features of nanocrystalline (ZnO)_0.8 (ZrO₂)_0.2 series. Indeed, at present, general research in the approach to synthesis of (ZnO)_0.8 (ZrO₂)_0.2 nanoparticles by combustion using zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO₃)₂·6H₂O) and zirconium (11) nitrate pentahydrate (Zr (NO₃)₂·5H₂O) is still in its infancy. A Thermogravimetric (TG) assessment was performed to determine the precursor of the conduction. Characterizations such as energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were carried out. The crystallite size of the binary oxides (ZnO)_0.8 (ZrO₂)_0.2 on the maximum expansion of ZnO–ZrO₂ nanoparticle was studied using Scherrer’s equation. Due to calcination, significant modifications were observed in terms of the size of the particles, the absorption spectra, and the intensity of the photoluminescence. In the XRD result, an increment in crystallinity was observed from 10.20 nm to 28.00 nm while the FTIR findings showed the removal of the polymer as well as the presence of nanoparticles metals. The optical band gap results indicated a decline in energy band gap between (3.27 and 3.12) eV for (ZnO)_0.8 and (4.89–4.51) eV for (ZrO₂) _0.2 nanoparticles. A photoluminescence result showed two individual peaks at 655 nm (1.89 eV) and 715 nm (1.73 eV) respectively. The study also showed the application which can be a suitable choice to be used in solar cell applications.

     

Influence of Bi2O3 concentration on barium-telluro-borate glasses: Physical,structural and radiation-shielding properties

In this study, a series of Bi₂O₃ reinforced bariumtelluroborate (TBX) glasses with the nominal composition 20TeO₂ + (50-x)B₂O₃ + 29.5BaO + xBi₂O₃ + 0.5Er₂O₃ (where x=0,5,10,15 and 20 in wt%) were manufactured using traditional melt-quenching method. The structural and compositional studies were performed by using XRD and FTIR spectra. In general, the glass matrix consists of the trigonal-planar and tetrahedral units of borates, tellurate and tellurite groups of tellurites, and the non-bridging oxygen (nBO). In addition to that, BiO₃ and BiO₆ groups are present in top-order glasses. The gamma-ray shielding (γ-RS) ability was evaluated through the vital parameters like the mass-attenuation coefficient (MAC), mean free-path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), and effective atomic-number (Z_eff). TB20 glass is happened to be the best candidate by giving the highest value for MAC and the lowest MFP and HVL, owing to its large density, 6.922 g/cm³. The fast neutron-removal cross-section (∑R) is assessed to investigate the neutron shielding capacity of TBX glasses. The γ-rays shielding properties of TBX glasses were observed better than some ordinary shields such as barite-concrete and commercial shielding glasses developed by SCHOTT Company.     

Ball milling–based piezocatalysis using .5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3–.5(Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3 ceramics

One of the newly light on processes utilized in applications for cleaning water is piezocatalysis. Mechanical vibrations generated through ultrasonication are generally used to separate out the charges in ferroelectric ceramics. The current research presents a novel prospective methodology of ball milling, where it is used as a facile and green technique for water remediation. The movement of the planetary ball mill imparts enough force such that reactive species are produced which are responsible for organic dye degradation. One of the results in the parametric analysis showed that by using 0.30 g of the 0.5Ba(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃–0.5(Ba_0.7Sr_0.3)TiO₃ (BST–BZT) powder, 62% of the methylene blue (MB) dye was degraded in 60 minutes.     

Characterization of physicochemical properties of As2Se3–GeTe–AgI chalcohalide glasses for solar cell and IR applications: influence of adding AgI

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - This work deals with the study of the influence of adding AgI content on the physicochemical properties of...