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排序方式: 共有166条查询结果,搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
Ramiro Palazn-García Ana María Benavente-Valdepeas 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Botulism has been known for about three centuries, and since its discovery, botulinum toxin has been considered one of the most powerful toxins. However, throughout the 20th century, several medical applications have been discovered, among which the treatment of spasticity stands out. Botulinum toxin is the only pharmacological treatment recommended for spasticity of strokes and cerebral palsy. Although its use as an adjuvant treatment against spasticity in spinal cord injuries is not even approved, botulinum toxin is being used against such injuries. This article describes the advances that have been made throughout history leading to the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin and, in particular, its application to the treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury. 相似文献
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The problem of on‐line estimation of the conversion and composition evolutions in a pressurized batch copolymer reactor with temperature and pressure measurements was addressed. The estimation model consisted of mass and energy balances with a pressure equation built from phase‐equilibrium considerations. The application of a nonlinear geometric estimation approach yielded the underlying solvability condition with physical meaning, a straightforward estimator construction, and a conventional‐like tuning procedure. The resulting barocalorimetric estimator was an on‐line dynamic measurement processor with a model‐based predictor and a measurement‐driven corrector, and whose implementation did not require the polymerization rates and heat‐transfer coefficient function dependencies. The technique was tested with a representative laboratory styrene–butadiene system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 475–482, 2005 相似文献
3.
The job-shop scheduling problem with operators is a very interesting problem that generalizes the classic job-shop problem in such a way that an operation must be algorithm to solve this problem considering makespan minimization. The genetic algorithm uses permutations with repetition to encode chromosomes and a schedule generation scheme, termed OG&T, as decoding algorithm. This combination guaranties that at least one of the chromosomes represents and optimal schedule and, at the samhat machines and operators are idle while an operation is available to be processed. To improve the quality of the schedules for large instances, we use Lamarckian evolution and modify the OG&T algorithm to further reduce the idle time of the machines and operators, in this case at the risk of leaving all optimal schedules out of the search space. We conducted a large experimental study showing that these improvements allow the genetic algorithm to reach high quality solutions in very short time, and so it is quite competitive with the current state-of-the-art methods. 相似文献
4.
Luis M. Torres Ramiro Torres Ralf Borndörfer Marc E. Pfetsch 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2011,18(4):455-472
We discuss an optimization model for the line planning problem in public transport in order to minimize operation costs while guaranteeing a certain level of quality of service, in terms of available transport capacity. We analyze the computational complexity of this problem for tree network topologies as well as several categories of line operations that are important for the Quito Trolebús system. In practice, these instances can be solved quite well, and significant optimization potentials can be demonstrated. 相似文献
5.
Sophie Ramananarivo Ramiro Godoy-Diana Benjamin Thiria 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2013,10(88)
Swimmers in nature use body undulations to generate propulsive and manoeuvring forces. The anguilliform kinematics is driven by muscular actions all along the body, involving a complex temporal and spatial coordination of all the local actuations. Such swimming kinematics can be reproduced artificially, in a simpler way, by using the elasticity of the body passively. Here, we present experiments on self-propelled elastic swimmers at a free surface in the inertial regime. By addressing the fluid–structure interaction problem of anguilliform swimming, we show that our artificial swimmers are well described by coupling a beam theory with the potential flow model of Lighthill. In particular, we show that the propagative nature of the elastic wave producing the propulsive force is strongly dependent on the dissipation of energy along the body of the swimmer. 相似文献
6.
I. González A. Ramiro M. Calderón A.J. Calderón J.F. González 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2012
In hybrid renewable energy systems, batteries act as a DC bus to provide constant voltage and to smooth out commutations between the generating devices. These batteries are usually of a lead-acid type and operate under harsh variable conditions due to fluctuations of both solar radiation and wind speed. Precise knowledge of the state-of-charge of the batteries, and hence of their available energy, play a key role in effecting efficient control and energy management of the installation. The present study had a twofold aim. One objective was to adjust and validate a method based on coulomb counting to estimate the state-of-charge (SOC) of a gelled lead-acid battery which is the DC bus of a hybrid wind-solar system with hydrogen storage. Other works evaluate SOC models based on several parameters, however, the present proposal based on experimental measurements involves only a few parameters. The second objective was to modify the installation's control algorithm to use the battery's calculated SOC as control parameter instead of its voltage. The results of a test-bed system, showing how the system evolved under real operating conditions, constitute a proof-of-concept of the validity of the method. 相似文献
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Esther Hontañón Marcel Rouenhoff Alfredo Azabal Emilio Ramiro Frank Einar Kruis 《Aerosol science and technology》2014,48(3):333-339
An existing differential mobility analyzer (DMA) of cylindrical electrodes and a novel DMA of rectangular plate electrodes are demonstrated for size fractionation of nanoparticles at high-aerosol flow rates in this work. The two DMAs are capable of delivering monodisperse size selected nanoparticles (SMPS σg < 1.1) at gas flow rates ranging from 200 slm to 500 slm. At an aerosol flow rate of 200 slm, the maximum attainable particle mean size is of about 20 nm for the cylindrical DMA and of nearly 50 nm for the rectangular plate DMA. The number concentration of the monodisperse nanoparticles delivered by the high-flow DMAs spans from 104 cm?3 to 106 cm?3 depending upon the particle mean size and particle size dispersion.
Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research 相似文献
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