Low-Temperature Growth of the CdS Cubic Phase by Atomic-Layer Deposition on SiC/Si Hybrid Substrates

Technical Physics Letters - A new method for epitaxial growth of cadmium sulfide (CdS) films in the metastable cubic phase by atomic-layer deposition on silicon substrates with a buffer layer of...     

Measurement of the Hardness of Thin Films

A method for evaluating the hardness of coatings with nanosize thickness is suggested. The method includes the determination of the hardness of the “coating-substrate” composition by indenting the coating and subsequent computation of the hardness with the use of the additivity rule. This requires determination of the thickness of the coating, of the hardness of the substrate, and of the indentation depth.     

Electromechanical Conversions in Composite Dielectric Materials During Complex Thermomechanical Excitation

It is shown that the degree of the stress-strain state created by temperature field can be estimated by using the electromechanical conversion phenomenon. It is established that the electromagnetic response to impact excitation of composite materials is a structure-sensitive characteristic.     

Nonlinear dynamics of a plasma torch generated by a laser pulse of large width

Experimental data on the nonlinear dynamics of a plasma torch generated by a laser pulse of large width acting upon a graphite target are presented and discussed. The mushroom shape of the luminous region and the duration of emission observed in experiment are explained by the development of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability at the carbon plasma-air interface and by the formation of nanoparticles in the plasma expanding into the buffer gas.     

Optical properties of a nonequilibrium vibrationally excited gas

Conclusion The study of the optical properties of vibrationally excited gas is part of the general problem of studying the physicochemical properties of a nonequilibrium gas. A nonequilibrium gas is a new state of a substance with extraordinary properties. Since stationary nonequilibrium is maintained by external pumping, then by changing the external conditions the properties of a nonequilibrium gas can be altered within quite broad limits. The presence of an excess reserve of internal (vibrational) energy transforms the medium into a nonlinear one. The characteristics of the medium start to depend on factors disturbing the nonequilibrium. On the other hand the disturbing factors themselves, say, the optical or gasdynamic disturbance, the charged particle fluxes, etc., will depend in turn on the nonequilibrium that they produce. Such self-consistency makes solution of the problem difficult but then it results in new phenomena such as self-focusing.Notation N_Av Avogadro number - density - n refractive index - N density of the number of molecules - their mean polarizability - Q_j set of normal coordinates - W₀ energy of a molecule without a field - gv _j statistical weight of the vibrational statev _j with normal coordinate Q_j - m_j reduced mass - _j frequency of the j-th mode - x_e anharmony constant of the molecule - probing radiation wavelength - shift of the interference fringe - d length of the interferometer arm - r₀ initial light beam radius Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 824–838, May, 1989.     

Temperature jump across a plane interface for a phase transition in a pure liquid

We develop a theoretical model of the development of a temperature jump across the boundary between phases during a phase transition in pure liquids.Notation G₁ mass flux of molecules of the liquid into the liquid - G₂ mass flux of molecules of the liquid into the vapor - G_v mass flux of vapor molecules - T₁ vapor temperature near the liquid surface - T₂ temperature of the liquid - T_v vapor temperature - R universal gas constant - c_p, c_v specific heats - r heat of vaporization - q heat flux density - K ratio c_p/c_v - parameter of the phase transition - F₀ area of the interface - P₁ pressure of the liquid - P₂ phase transition pressure - P_v vapor pressure Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 54, No. 5, pp. 793–797, May, 1988.     

Structures and electronic properties of surface/edges of nanodiamond and nanographite

The structure, electronic and magnetic properties of nanodiamond and nanographite/nanographene are investigated. Detonation nanodiamond particles that are covered with amorphous graphitic composites are hydrothermally treated to remove the graphitic surface composites and to terminate the surface carbon atoms with hydrogen. The number of localized spins of dangling bonds and the hydrogen concentration increase upon the increase in the hydrothermal treatment time up to 40 h. Above 40 h, both drop discontinuously, a surface structural reconstruction was suggested. The creation of dangling bonds and an incomplete hydrogenation of the surface carbon atoms destabilize the surface, resulting in the structural reconstruction. Nanodiamond particles are thermally converted to nanographite/nanographene. A single nanographene sheet is successfully prepared by heat-treating nanodiamond particles. The edge of graphene sheet with its edge carbon atoms being hydrogen-terminated is investigated by UHV-STM/STS. Zigzag edges are found to have non-bonding π-state of edge origin, in good agreement with theoretical prediction.