A Multi-Stage Secure IoT Authentication Protocol

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of heterogeneous and smart devices that can make decisions without human intervention. It can connect millions of devices across the universe. Their ability to collect information, perform analysis, and even come to meaningful conclusions without human capital intervention matters. Such circumstances require stringent security measures and, in particular, the extent of authentication. Systems applied in the IoT paradigm point out high-interest levels since enormous damage will occur if a malicious, wrongly authenticated device finds its way into the IoT system. This research provides a clear and updated view of the trends in the IoT authentication area. Among the issues covered include a series of authentication protocols that have remained research gaps in various studies. This study applies a comparative evaluation of authentication protocols, including their strengths and weaknesses. Thus, it forms the foundation in the IoT authentication field of study. In that direction, a multi authentication architecture that involves secured means is proposed for protocol authentication. Informal analysis can affect the security of the protocols. Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic provides proof of the attainment of mutual authentication. NS3 simulator tool is used to compare the performance of the proposed protocol to verify the formal security offered by the BAN logic.     

Multifractal analysis of Mg-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating method

A multifractal analysis has been performed on the 3D (three-dimensional) surface microtexture of magnesium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mg) thin films with doping concentration of 0, 2, 4, and 5%. Thin films were deposited onto the glass substrates via the sol–gel spin coating method. The effect of magnesium doping, on the crystal structure, morphology, and band gap for ZnO:Mg thin films has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV–Vis spectroscopy. It has been observed that the surface of ZnO thin films is multifractal in nature. However, multifractality and complexity observed to decrease with increasing content of Mg in ZnO thin films due to formation of islands on the surface in accordance with Volmer–Weber growth mechanism. The investigations revealed that crystallinity, microtexture, morphology, and optical properties of the thin films can be tuned by controlling the Mg content within the ZnO lattice. In particular, their optical band gap energies were 3.27, 3.31, 3.34, and 3.33 eV at 0, 2, 4, and 5%, respectively. The prepared thin films of ZnO:Mg with tuned characteristics would have promising applications in optoelectronic devices.     

Dynamic array PIN:A novel approach to secure NFC electronic payment between ATM and smartphone

ABSTRACT

Near Field Communication (NFC) technology has been used recently for electronic payment between an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and a Smartphone. It is threatened by several attacks that can steal the user personal data like the password or the Personal Identification Number (PIN). In this paper, we present Dynamic Array PIN (DAP), a novel approach for user authentication on a Smartphone that uses NFC electronic payment with an ATM. Our analysis and experimentation prove that this technique protects against thirteen different attacks and is cost-effective in terms of required hardware, authentication time, computing power and storage space.     

The impact of supplementing goats' milk with quinoa extract on some properties of yoghurt

This study investigated the impact of supplementing goats' milk with quinoa extracts, in the range of 5, 10 and 15 g/100 g on the milk fermentation. The properties of yoghurt produced from this milk, which include viscosity, microstructure and sensory acceptability, were assessed. The supplementation of goats' milk with quinoa extracts, particularly permeate extract, reduced the fermentation time and enhanced the viability of lactic acid bacteria. Supplementation of yoghurt with increased levels of quinoa extracts increased the apparent viscosity and changed the yoghurt protein matrix. Panellists highly accepted the yoghurt that contained quinoa permeate extract.     

A new modeling and placement of shunt FACTS devices in the secondary voltage regulation environment

Recently, the Secondary Voltage Regulation (SVR) is installed in some power systems in order to ensure the coordination voltage control devices. In other hand, the shunt FACTS devices such as the Static Var Compensator (SVC) and the STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) are extensively used for the local voltage control without any coordination with other voltage control devices, without any reciprocal coordination. In this paper, new models of SVC and STATCOM are proposed to be adopted in power flow models that include the SVR. The proposed models are implemented and tested on a model of the Italian power system. Furthermore, a new method based on sensitivity analysis is proposed to find the most sensitive placements for the installation of SVC and STATCOM. The results obtained show the highly computational performance of the propose models and also the effectiveness of the sensitivity analysis to find the best placements of SVC and STATCOM taking into account the SVR.     

Effect of acidic products from degradation of N-methyldiethanolamine amine on CO2/H2S capturing from natural gas

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - To evaluate the impact of heat-stable salts on the CO2/H2S separation from natural gas using 45 wt% of MDEA amine, we comprehensively and...     

A Sliding Mode Multiobserver Based on an Uncoupled Multimodel: An Application on a Transesterification Reaction

This paper concerns the design of robust sliding mode multiobserver for nonlinear systems. A discrete uncoupled multimodel structure is retained for the modeling of nonlinear systems. Unlike the classically used multimodel structures, the retained uncoupled multimodel is known by its flexibility of modeling, thus, the structures of the partial models are adapted to the complexity of the local models in each operating zone. Sufficient conditions are provided, in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), to ensure the asymptotic stability of the proposed sliding mode multiobserver. A convergence analysis is achieved to obtain the convergence radius. A numerical example and a real time application on a transesterification reactor are carried out to illustrate, once again, the performance of the proposed sliding mode multiobserver in terms of precision and rapidity of convergence.     

On ontology-driven document clustering using core semantic features

Incorporating semantic knowledge from an ontology into document clustering is an important but challenging problem. While numerous methods have been developed, the value of using such an ontology is still not clear. We show in this paper that an ontology can be used to greatly reduce the number of features needed to do document clustering. Our hypothesis is that polysemous and synonymous nouns are both relatively prevalent and fundamentally important for document cluster formation. We show that nouns can be efficiently identified in documents and that this alone provides improved clustering. We next show the importance of the polysemous and synonymous nouns in clustering and develop a unique approach that allows us to measure the information gain in disambiguating these nouns in an unsupervised learning setting. In so doing, we can identify a core subset of semantic features that represent a text corpus. Empirical results show that by using core semantic features for clustering, one can reduce the number of features by 90% or more and still produce clusters that capture the main themes in a text corpus.