混合材对超细灌浆水泥流变性能的影响

 为研究粉煤灰和矿渣混合材对超细水泥流变性能的影响，采用SEM，XRD，Malvern激光粒度仪、表面电位分布仪、旋转粘度计等现代测试技术对材料的粉体特性、表面性能、矿物组成和流变性能进行了系统研究,并应用材料科学理论研究材料的组成、粉体特性、表面性能等与流变性能的关系及其作用机理。研究表明：超细粉煤灰具有较高的表面电位,能提高超细水泥浆液的流变性能，减少浆液的经时流变性损失，改善与高效减水剂的相容性；矿渣降低了超细水泥的流动性，增加了浆液的稳定性。因此，采用粉煤灰与矿渣复掺，能配制出水泥浆的流动性和稳定性均较好的复合灌浆水泥。     

煤矸石对硅酸盐水泥水化历程的影响

从强度、反应程度、孔溶液碱度和SEM等方面,研究了煤矸石作为水泥辅助胶凝材料的水化情况,并与Ⅱ级粉煤灰进行比较。试验结果表明:煤矸石发生火山灰反应时间比粉煤灰早,且发生火山灰反应所需的碱度值比粉煤灰低;掺煤矸石水泥水化样的早期抗压强度比粉煤灰水泥水化样低,但7d到28d强度增长速率明显大于相同掺量的粉煤灰水泥,相同28d抗压强度的条件下,煤矸石掺量比粉煤灰的掺量高10%。     

工业废渣注浆材料的抗溶蚀性能

针对水玻璃-水泥(soluble glass-cement,SC)注浆材料在地层加固过程中抗水溶蚀性能差和工业废渣得不到有效利用等问题,用工业废渣完全取代SC注浆材料中的水泥制备出水玻璃-工业废渣(矿渣、钢渣、粉煤灰)(soluble glass-activated industrial residue slag,SAS)注浆材料.模拟淡水侵蚀环境,对SAS和SC两体系注浆材料进行了水溶蚀试验研究,结果表明SAS系列抗水溶蚀性能优于SC系列的.在水溶蚀作用180d条件下,SAS注浆材料的强度无损失,而SC系列结石体强度损失率达50%;SAS系列的Si溶出量、溶出物质总量和电导率等都低于SC系列的.压汞法、X射线衍射、扫描电镜测试结果也表明:SAS具有致密的微观结构和低溶解度的水化产物,从微观层次证明了SAS系列注浆材料的高抗水溶蚀性能.     

Effect of corrosive solutions on C-S-H microstructure in portland cement paste with fly ash

By means of ²⁹Si and ²⁷Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) combined with deconvolution technique, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as energy dispersive X-ray system(EDX), the effect of 5 wt% corrosive solutions (viz. 5 wt% Na₂SO₄, MgSO₄, Na2SO4+NaCl and Na₂SO₄+NaCl+Na₂CO₃) on C-S-H microstructure in Portland cement containing 30 wt% fly ash was investigated.The results show that, in MgSO₄ solution, Mg²⁺ promotes the decalcification of C-S-H by SO ₄ ^2- ,increasing silicate tetrahedra polymerization and mean chain length (MCL) of C-S-H. However, the substituting degree of Al³⁺ for Si⁴⁺ (Al[4]/Si) in the paste does not change evidently. Effect of Na²SO⁴ solution on C-S-H is not significantly influenced by NaCl solution, while the MCL and Al[4]/Si of C-S-H in fly ashcement paste slightly change. However, the decalcification of C-S-H by SO ₄ ^2- and CO ₃ ^2- attack, as well as the activation of fly ash by SO ₄ ^2- attack will increase the MCL and Al[4]/Si, which are both higher than that under Na₂SO₄ corrosion, MgSO₄ or Na₂SO₄ +NaCl coordination corrosion.     

MDF水泥的碳纤维增强研究

研究了碳纤维作为MDF水泥增强材料的可行性以及它的增强效果．探讨了各种因素对MDF水泥性能的影响,分析了碳纤维增强MDF材料的结构特征．研究结果表明,碳纤维作为MDF水泥的增强材料能够显著提高MDF水泥的抗弯强度、断裂韧性和耐水性能。碳纤维在复合材料中呈三维均匀分布．形成空间网络结构,这是碳纤维增强MDF水泥的主要原因。     

Effects of molecular structure of polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer on the hydration properties of C3S

Effects of polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer(PC) molecular structure on the hydration heat of tricalcium silicate(C3S) paste and polymerization degree of hydration products(C-S-H gel) were researched by using TAM AIR isothermal microcalorimetry(TA) and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).Methoxy polyethylene glycol-methacrylates-based polycarboxylate superplasticizers with different side chain lengths and main chain lengths were employed.PC molecules with shorter main chain or longer side chains caused stronger retardation of C3S early hydration and lesser increase of C3S 3 d hydration degree.NMR measurement indicated that the incorporation of PC increased the hydration degree of C3S paste and the polymerization degree of silicon-oxygen tetrahedron of C-S-H gel.The tendency for C3S 7 d hydration degree to improve was more pronounced while PC molecules with longer main chain or shorter side chain were added.Whereas,PC molecules with longer main chains or longer side chains increased the 7 d polymerization degree of C-S-H gel.     

Effect of curing regime on the distribution of Al3+ coordination in hardened cement pastes

The effect of curing regime on the distribution of Al³⁺ coordination in hardened cement pastes within 28 d were investigated by ²⁹Si and ²⁷Al magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) with deconvolution technique. The results indicate that the tetrahedral coordination Al³⁺ incorporated in C-S-H structure mainly originate from the Al³⁺ incorporated in the alite and belite phases in the Portland cement. The curing regime of constant temperature of 20 °C is beneficial to the octahedral coordination Al³⁺ transforming to tetrahedral coordination Al³⁺ incorporated in C-S-H structure. However, at curing regime of variable temperature, the temperature rising process is more advantageous to the transformation from ettringite to monosulphate, substitution of Al³⁺ for Si⁴⁺ in the C-S-H structure and the formation of the third aluminate hydrate (TAH) than that at constant temperature of 20 °C. The high temperature of 60 °C in the holding temperature process promotes the decomposition of ettringite, and enhances the consumption of the Al³⁺ incorporated in C-S-H phases and the Al³⁺ in TAH for the monosulphate forming. The temperature decreasing promotes the transformation from monosulphate to ettringite, and increases the consumption of the Al³⁺ incorporated in C-S-H phases, and then increases the quantity of the TAH.     

聚羧酸减水剂对不同晶型C3S早期水化放热的影响

采用水化微量热仪研究了不同类型聚羧酸减水剂对不同晶型C3S水化放热特性的影响。结果表明:单斜晶系(M)C3S、三方晶系(R)C3S的水化放热速率峰值相比三斜晶系(T)C3S显著降低,且水化放热峰出现延迟,MC3S的水化放热峰延迟最明显。三种晶型C3S的3d水化放热总量由大到小为:TC3S、MC3S、RC3S。不同分子结构的甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯系聚羧酸减水剂,主链越短,支链越长,对TC3S的水化延迟作用越大。乙烯基聚乙二醇醚系聚羧酸减水剂对三种晶型C3S的水化放热过程延迟作用由大到小为:RC3S、MC3S、TC3S。对水化放热曲线进行的Krstulovic-Dabic模型研究表明,C3S的水化过程为NG-D类型水化历程。     

早强微膨胀泵送C50钢管混凝土的研制

将硼酸、葡萄糖酸钠和聚羧酸盐减水剂按一定比例复合,研制出一种用于硫铝酸盐水泥的新型缓凝减水剂M,实验表明,该外加剂对硫铝酸盐水泥具有较强的缓凝及减水作用。采用该外加剂和42.5级快硬硫铝酸盐水泥,配制出具有良好工作性的C50早强微膨胀钢管混凝土:初始坍落度为24 cm,3 h后仍达18 cm以上,不离析、不泌水,满足泵送施工要求;其3 d抗压强度达50 MPa以上6、0 d自由膨胀率3.41×10-4,能有效解决钢管混凝土中普遍存在的脱粘问题。     

钢管混凝土拱桥安全性智能评价系统研究

依据层次分析法的基本思想，建立了完整的大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥安全性评价模型及其指标体系，并引入模糊理论和神经网络技术建立了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥安全性智能评价系统。通过实际工程检验，评价结果直观简单，较好的反映了在役桥梁结构的安全性状况，证明该评价系统的可行性与实用性。