驾照考试最佳通过方案分析

如果你没有中华人民共和国身份证,那我们当然会为拥有了一名外国籍读者感到自豪：如果你没有结婚证,那我们很庆幸读者中还有一名去死去死团的成员。如果你没有驾驶证,虽然这种情况大多不可能出现,但是如果真出现这种情况,我们不得不为你感到悲哀。这都什么年代了,你竟然连驾驶证都没有,还敢看我们《Geek》,这不是明摆着给我们丢脸么？     

Effect of interlayer on structure and performance of anode-supported SOFC single cells

To lower the operating temperatures in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operations, anode-supported SOFC single cells with a single dip-coated interlayer were fabricated and the effect of the interlayer on the electrolyte structure and the electrical performance was investigated. For the preparation of SOFC single cells, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, NiO-YSZ anode, and 50% YSZ-50% strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) cathode were used. In order to characterize the cells, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilized and the gas (air) permeability measurements were conducted for gas tightness estimation. When the interlayer was inserted onto NiO-YSZ anode, the surface roughness of anode was diminished by about 40% and dense crack-free electrolytes were obtained. The electrical performance was enhanced remarkably and the maximum power density was 0.57W/cm(2) at 800 degrees C and 0.44W/cm(2) at 700 degrees C. On the other hand, the effect of interlayer on the gas tightness was negligible. The characterization study revealed that the enhancement in the electrical performance was mainly attributed to the increase of ion transmission area of anode/electrolyte interface and the increase of ionic conductivity of dense crack-free electrolyte layer.     

Phase calibration and applications of a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator

A simple phase-characterization method for spatial light modulators is proposed. The low-cost method permits high-precision measurement and provides data for the setting of the spatial-light-modulator operating point in the phase-modulation mode. The dynamic phase response is used to perform efficient kinoform recording. In order to record the kinoform, we modify the global iterative coding to compute phase holograms. Finally, modified phase-phase correlation is introduced. The phase-phase correlator permits sharper correlation peaks, better energy transmission, and higher discrimination than an amplitude-phase correlation. Optical experimental results are presented.     

Intraoperative tumor detection: relative performance of single-element, dual-element, and imaging probes with various collimators

Accurate tumor staging depends on finding all tumor sites, and curative surgery requires the removal of ail cancerous tissue from those sites. One technique for locating tumors is to inject patients before surgery with a radiotracer that is preferentially taken up by cancerous tissue. Then, an intraoperative gamma-sensitive probe is used to locate the tumors. Small (<1-cm diameter) tumors, often undetectable by external imaging and by the standard surgical inspection with sight and touch, can be found with probes, Simple calculations and measurements with radioactive tumor models show that small tumors should be detected by single-element probes, but often such probes fail to detect these small tumors in practice. This discrepancy is often caused by the use of a uniform background to predict probe performance, Real backgrounds are nonuniform and can decrease probe performance dramatically. Dual-element, coincidence, or imaging probes may solve the background problem. The authors devised a method to predict probe performance in a realistic background which includes variations in normal organ uptakes. They predict the relative performance of both existing probes and those in the design stage so that optimal detector and collimator configurations can be determined. The procedure includes a Monte-Carlo-calculated point-response function, a numerical torso phantom, and measured biodistributions of a monoclonal antibody. The Hotelling Trace Value, a measure of tumor-detection performance, is computed from the probe responses in simulated studies.     

Shearing interferometer with a Kitty self-pumped phase-conjugate mirror

A shearing interferometer with a Kitty-type self-pumped phase-conjugate mirror is developed. The measurement of the focal length of a lens is demonstrated with a standard deviation of 1.5%. In addition, we measured the microdisplacement in the range of tens of micrometers with an error less than 2% by using the interferometer.     

Studying the protein-protein interactions in the postsynaptic density by means of immunoabsorption and chemical crosslinking

Postsynaptic densities (PSDs), isolated from porcine cerebral cortices, are large disk-shaped aggregates consisting of hundreds of different proteins. To study the protein-protein interactions in such complex supramolecules, we developed a procedure to break up the PSD's overall structure, while preserving some interactions between individual proteins. Using the resulting PSD sample and an indirect immunoabsorption procedure, PSD-95 was isolated along with the α- and β-subunits of calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ), α-tubulin, β-tubulin, and Chapsyn110. Similarly, CaMKIIα was isolated along with CaMKIIβ, α-tubulin, β-tubulin, and small amounts of PSD-95. The proteins isolated from PSDs treated with a cleavable bifunctional crosslinking reagent were further subjected to diagonal gel electrophoresis analysis, and the results indicated that CaMKIIα resides next to α-tubulin in the PSD. Overall, the results obtained here suggest that within the PSD, large aggregates of CaMKIIα, CaMKIIβ, α-tubulin, and β-tubulin may occur that indirectly associate with PSD-95 and Chapsyn110. Such a protein organization would allow interactions with F-actin in the cytoplasm and with proteins, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, which reside on the postsynaptic membrane. Furthermore, it would facilitate binding to proteins such as the various microtubule-associated proteins that reside in the core region of the PSD.