0412-1961

TAN Yanchang; HE Bin; ZHAO Yuhua (Northeast Institute of Technology, Shenyang)     

低荧光阳离子防塌剂WFT─666的合成与性能

ＷＦＴ－６６６是由磺甲基腐殖酸钾、有机硅聚合物、低分子阳离子有机化合物、苯酚、甲醛缩聚而成的一种新型阳离子低荧光防塌剂。本文介绍了ＷＦＴ－６６６的合成及室内性能评定结果。ＷＦＴ－６６６可抗盐至饱和盐水，抗钙和镁，耐２００℃高温，荧光显示低。用该剂处理的钻井液性能稳定，流变参数合理，页岩回收率高，页岩相对膨胀率低，页岩稳定指数高，与其它处理剂的配伍性好。     

Analysis and Quantitation of Minor Di- and Trisaccharides in Honey, Using Capillary Gas Chromatography

Methodology is introduced to separate and quantitate most of the di- and trisaccharides composed of glucose and fructose moieties, found in honey. At least twelve closely related disaccharides and seven trisaccharides were successfully identified and quantitated employing a combination of reduction and trimethylsilylation followed by either temperature programmed (disaccharides) or isothermal (trisaccharides) gas chromatography. The oligosaccharides in honey, representing approximately 3% of the total sugars, could be isolated using preparative HPLC and analyzed using the aforementioned gas chromatographic methodology. In addition, these oligosaccharides could also be analyzed without employing a preparative HPLC separation by using a concomitantly larger sample volume. Palatinose, not previously reported in honey, was found in many honey samples.     

Banana Shrimp, Penaeus merguiensis, Quality Changes During Iced and Frozen Storage

Shelf life of banana shrimps, Penaeus merguiensis, were studied along with formaldehyde changes in their muscles during iced and frozen storage. K-value, timethylamine oxide nitrogen (TMAO-N), trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N), volatile basic nitrogen (VB-N) and sensory quality were determined. Shelf life was 4 days in ice, 6 days at -3°C and 9 wk at ??10°C. They remained acceptable after 6 mo at ?20°C. Formaldehyde was a good indicator in shrimp shelf life assessment.     

Fabrication of double-sided YBa2Cu3O7_x thin films by the off-axis pulsed-laser deposition

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Reduction of Glucose Content in Potatoes with Glucose Oxidase

Two commercial glucose oxidase preparations, DeeO 1500 and Fermcozyme CBB-750, were investigated for their activities and use in decreasing glucose levels in Norland and Shepody potatoes. When DeeO was added at 0.01% by weight of peeled potatoes, glucose of potato extracts of both cultivars was decreased by about 22% when the extracts were first blanched, and about 15% if not blanched, indicating the presence of some inhibitors in raw potatoes. When applied to steam-blanched potato strips, 0.10% (v/v) solution of Fermcozymc reduced glucose by 25–35%. These experiments showed a potential use of glucose oxidase as a processing aid to reduce nonenzymatic browning in potato products.     

Reaction of HF with Porous Glass

Infrared spectra were used to follow the reaction of HF with porous glass which had been dehydroxylated to various degrees. The fluoridation proceeded smoothly, and the surface hydroxyls were eliminated completely with samples which were not degassed or were degassed mildly (at temperatures up to approximately 500°C) so that appreciable amounts of water and hydroxyls were on the surface before the HF treatment. Samples which had been severely dehydroxylated before exposure to HF behaved differently, and several HF treatments were required to effect complete fluoridation. Experiments suggest that the replacement of hydroxyls by fluoride is negligible at room temperature, the dominant reaction being the formation of B-OH and B-F groups. The latter are unstable at higher temperatures and release HF, so that dehydroxylation can continue after physically adsorbed HF has been desorbed and pumped away.     

Heritage from Below

Current research into the peri-urbanisation associated with the rapid population growth of preferred Australian metropolitan regions has shown that their landscape values are put at risk and the region's quality of life (QoL) and the community's standards of liveability are consequently threatened. Whilst the concept of a landscape framework as an analytical, policy and management tool has general acceptance, there appears to be few if any working examples where this concept has been operationalised. To date, the conventional approaches utilised by regional planning agencies and local government have not been able to deliver the necessary tools to incorporate the essential landscape planning principles let alone planning processes to address the regional landscape values at risk in the peri-urban areas of rapidly growing regions. However, promising initiatives have emerged from allied planning fields such as landscape planning. Despite shortcomings in the theoretical development of this conceptual framework, a regional landscape framework has been incorporated into the recently released SEQ Regional Plan 2005–2026, a statutory planning instrument for the South East Queensland (SEQ) region, Australia's fastest growing metropolitan region. Whilst it is conceivable that in the SEQ case, practice may be ahead of theory, there is now an imperative to develop this framework in a manner that it can be utilised as a regional policy framework and as an integrating instrument to address the values of regional landscapes including the range of existing and emerging rural values of the critical urban–rural interface.     

Utilization of pre-gelatinized tapioca starch in the manufacture of a snackfood, fish cracker ('keropok')

The use of pre-gelatinized tapioca starch for the manufacture of 'keropok' by drumdrying has been investigated. Processing variables were examined by using five different slurries of water: starch, with ratios of 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10 at four different temperatures: 120.2°C, 133.5°C, 143.6°C, and 151.8°C. Only 'keropok' made from a slurry with a water: starch ratio of 70:30 pre-gelatinized at 133.5°, 143.6°C and 151.8°C had linear expansion greater than the minimum acceptable value of 77%. 'Keropok' containing pre-gelatinized starch produced at 133.5°C was the most acceptable to a sensory panel.     

Synthesis and properties of spodumene-modified mullite ceramics formed by sol-gel processing

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.