试论成人教育、职业教育在人力资源开发中的作用与战略选择

本文论述了成人教育、职业教育在我国人力资源开发中的重要地位和作用,认为发展成人教育、职业教育是我国人力资源开发的必然选择,指出了我国成人教育和职业教育今后的努力方向.     

Chromatographic preconcentration coupled to capillary electrophoresis via an in-line injection valve

A preconcentration-capillary electrophoresis (CE) system using a small precolumn in combination with an in-line injection valve is presented. The advantage of the present design is the ability to perform the sample preconcentration fully independently from the CE separation and to prevent sample matrix and washing solvents from entering the CE capillary. With a micro injection valve, sample could be effectively introduced into the CE system in an in-line fashion without seriously affecting the CE separation efficiency. Breakthrough volume, desorption efficiency, and elution volume for the C18 microcolumn (5 x 0.5 mm i.d.) were established, yielding values of 750 microL, 70%, and 0.9-1.1 microL, respectively, using enkephalin peptides. The time between the start of the desorption of the analytes from the precolumn and the injection into the CE system was also studied in order to achieve optimal sensitivity and separation efficiency. The performance of the complete system was demonstrated by the preconcentration and separation of an enkephalin mixture. Using a sample volume of 250 microL and a CE injection voltage of -15 kV for 12 s, linearity was observed over 2 orders of magnitude, and detection limits (S/N = 3) were in the 5-10 ng/mL range. A 1000-fold sensitivity enhancement is obtained using this setup, as compared to a regular CE setup. For 100 ng/mL samples, repeatabilities (RSDs) of migration time and peak area were 1.2 and 11%, respectively.     

试论人力资源开发在社会经济发展中的战略作用

文章论述了人力资源开发在社会经济发展中的重要作用,提出了要使我国在本世纪中叶达到中等发达国家水平,需要实现高等教育的普及化、需要实现科技人才的大众化、需要实现高层次人才的国际化.这是当前和今后很长一段时期所必须解决的重大战略问题.     

Standards of heart catheterization and interventional cardiology in pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Luminosity and brightness of the organs viewed on the screen are important for orientation during teleoperating. They can impair the precision of our orientation ability. METHODS: The way in which organs scatter light during laparoscopic operation was detected and analyzed by means of reflection spectrophotometry with the Photoshop program package (ADOBE). The arithmetical skill was measured during different illumination conditions of the screen created randomly, using values of the liver, gallbladder, and omental fat. RESULTS: Separate human tissues and organs could be divided on the basis of their luminosity into three basic groups: the luminous tissues such as fat, the stomach, and the bowel; medium-luminous organs such as diaphragm and gallbladder; and dark, mostly parenchymatous organs such as the liver and the spleen. The most luminous tissue illuminated the screen intensely. In experiments the hyperillumination impaired arithmetical skills of 15 volunteers. The errors appeared constantly and the time needed to count the generated points was significantly longer when 40% of intensively illuminated view was exceeded. CONCLUSIONS: A situation may occur wherein the imaging system lacks the capacity to transmit needed optical information. Intense brightness of the screen may suppress surgical skills during teleoperating. Critical limit was achieved in our experiment with 40% of the view illuminated by omentum fat. This limit can be important for robotic surgical systems such as automated robotic camera control.     

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and exercise-induced ventricular tachycardia

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is an uncommon condition. Few patients survive past 50 years of age, because of associated congenital defects, systemic (morphological right) ventricular dysfunction, atrioventricular valvular insufficiency or complete heart block. A unique case is presented of exercise-induced ventricular tachycardia, which led to the diagnosis of CCTGA, without atrioventricular block or other cardiac anomalies.     

SiCw＋B4Cp／MB15镁基复合材料力学性能与微观结构

对真空反压浸渍方法制备的挤压态ＳｉＣＷ＋Ｂ４ＣＰ／ＭＢ１５镁基复合材料及基体合金进行了一系列的力学性能测试，并用ＳＥＭ观察增强剂分布与断口形貌，用ＴＥＭ和ＥＤＳ方法对复合材料的界面结构进行分析。研究结果表明，上述复合材料同基体相比有更高的强度、弹性模量和比强度、比弹性模量。深浸蚀ＳＥＭ相分析表明均匀排布的晶须、颗粒起到很好的增强效果。复合材料的断口有晶须露头与韧窝存在，该复合材料具有一定的韧性；并在ＳｉＣ／ＭＢ１５界面上发现Ｚｎ析出相。     

Shewhart-type control charts for variation in phase I data analysis

Control charts for variation play a key role in the overall statistical process control (SPC) regime. We study the popular Shewhart-type S², S and R control charts when the mean and the variance of a normally distributed process are both unknown and are estimated from m independent samples (subgroups) each of size n. This is the Phase I setting. Current uses of these charts do not recognize that in this setting the signalling events are statistically dependent and that m comparisons are made with the same control limits simultaneously. These are important issues because they affect the design and the performance of the control charts. The proposed methodology addresses these issues (which leads to working with the joint distribution of a set of dependent random variables) by calculating the correct control limits, so that the false alarm probability (FAP), defined as the probability of at least one false alarm, is at most equal to some given nominal value FAP₀. To aid practical implementation, tables are provided for the charting constants for each Phase I chart, for an FAP₀ of 0.01 and 0.05, respectively. An illustrative example is given.     

Fate of prions in soil: adsorption and extraction by electroelution of recombinant ovine prion protein from montmorillonite and natural soils

Prions, the infectious agents thought to be responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, may contaminate soils and have been reported to persist there for years. We have studied the adsorption and desorption of a model recombinant prion protein on montmorillonite and natural soil samples in order to elucidate mechanisms of prion retention in soils. Clay minerals, such as montmorillonite, are known to be strong adsorbents for organic molecules, including proteins. Montmorillonite was found to have a large and selective adsorption capacity for both the normal and the aggregated prion protein. Adsorption occurred mainly via the N-terminal domain of the protein. Incubation with standard buffers and detergents did not desorb the full length protein from montmorillonite, emphasizing the largely irreversible trapping of prion protein by this soil constituent. An original electroelution method was developed to extract prion protein from both montmorillonite and natural soil samples, allowing quantification when coupled with rapid prion detection tests. This easy-to-perform method produced concentrated prion protein extracts and allowed detection of protein at levels as low as 0.2 ppb in natural soils.     

浅谈国有企业绩效考核中存在的问题及对策

国有企业作为主导国计民生的企业类型,在经济发展全球化的浪潮中,积极地调整着自己的管理策略和方法,但是仍有部分不足。纵观目前国有企业人力资源管理的现状,首先应该转变观念,建立健全科学的绩效考核机制,通过加快产权制度改革、完善社会保障制度、建立人力资本投资制度,营造绩效考核的社会环境,为国有企业绩效考核体系提供制度、资源及服务的保证。     

城市居住区人文景观的设计与创新

城市居住环境是社会物质发展和精神追求最直接的展示,更是一个社会文明程度的体现,因此,在大力提高物质生活水平的同时,人类开始对自己居住区环境进行重塑:在设计过程中既遵循整体性原则,又着力创造自然的生态环境,力求在居住区环境中既能完成休憩、与人交流的目的,又能体现出自身的文化品位、审美意境,达到回归自然、人文合一的境界.