Evaluation of DTTV Transmission for SFN with Minimum Threshold in Thailand

Wireless Personal Communications - The digital terrestrial television (DTTV) transmission based on digital video broadcasting-terrestrial second generation (DVB-T2) for a single frequency network...     

Measurement and Modeling of DTTV–SFN Propagation in Thailand

Wireless Personal Communications - Digital terrestrial television (DTTV) with a single frequency network (SFN) in Thailand is based on digital video broadcasting-terrestrial second generation...     

Heat transfer model of slurry ice melting on external surface of helical coil

This research studies the heat transfer phenomenon of melting slurry ice on external surface of a copper helical coil. There is water flowing inside the tube coil and exchanging heat with the slurry ice. In this experiment, the coil diameters are 6.35 mm and 9.53 mm each of 4.2 m coil length. The mass flow rate of water in the helical coil is between 0.0149–0.0562 kg/s, while the inlet temperature of water is varied in the range of 23–27 °C. The slurry ice has 60% ice and 40% water by mass at the starting.     

Properties of extruded whole grain cereals and pseudocereals flours

Common cereals such as wheat are widely used worldwide in extruded products. Nevertheless, other locally available grains would be beneficial for local consumers regarding taste preference, nutritional needs and sustainability. Locally available cereals, that is millet, teff, sorghum and pseudocereals, that is quinoa and amaranth flours were extruded at the same processing conditions, and the resulting properties were compared to those of extruded refined wheat flour. Amaranth flour contained the highest protein content (16%). Sorghum was the highest in calories because of its high lipid content (10%). The extrusion process greatly increased a water solubility index (WSI) of amaranth from 11% to 61%, while the WSI level of quinoa was almost not affected (WSI of 4%). The expansion properties varied differently among grain types. These grains had a sectional expansion index (SEI) ranging between 11 and 13, which could not achieve the performance of the refined wheat (SEI of 22). The lowest expansion was observed for amaranth flour which contained the lowest starch content. Sorghum extrudates, interestingly, provided comparable stress at rupture value to that of wheat. For the mechanical properties, none of these local grains could fully replace refined wheat at the employed extrusion conditions.     

Alkali-aided enzymatic viscosity reduction of sugar beet mash for novel bioethanol production process

Ethanol fermentation of fresh sugar beet mash (SBM) could give a benefit on reducing energy input for sugar diffusion, juice separation, and water evaporation as used in conventional practices, thus offering promise as a low energy process. Actions of cell-wall degrading enzymes provide a mash with low viscosity, which can be easily fermented to ethanol. However, a several-fold higher enzyme loading was required for viscosity reduction of SBM compared with that of potato mash. In this study, the use of dilute alkali treatment (0.025–0.15 N NaOH, 25 °C, 1 h) in enhancing enzymatic viscosity reduction of SBM was evaluated. The results showed that higher NaOH concentration enhanced demethylation and deacetylation of SBM, resulting in greater performances of the enzymes on reducing viscosity. Efficient enzymatic viscosity reduction of SBM was observed with the 0.1 N NaOH treatment. On the other hand, untreated SBM was highly resistant to viscosity reduction, even though a 20-fold more enzyme loading was used. The resulting mash containing 12–13% (w/v) sucrose yielded 7–8% (v/v) ethanol after 24 h of fermentation (90% efficiency). Accordingly, alkali treatment can be applied for facilitating the use of fresh sugar beet for ethanol production.     

A Monolithic Patch Antenna on a Semi-insulated Alumina ( $$Al_{2}O_{3}$$ A l 2 O 3 ) Substrate for Active Integrated Antenna

Wireless Personal Communications - Small antenna technology is very important for monolithic patch antenna on semiconductor substrate. The active integrated antenna is analyzed by using cavity...     

Evaluation of Weighted Impulse Radio for Ultra-Wideband Localization

This research paper presents indoor localization using weighted localization algorithm (WLA) with impulse radio for ultra-windband. The ultra-wide band is wireless technology short range system, especially in, an indoor localization. In this paper, the proposed process consists of two parts: Firstly, a data collected by measurement environment in a Line-of-Sight using impulse radio and secondly extension weighted localization algorithm with wireless ultra-wideband (WUWB) for localization short-range system in an indoor environment. Its can be improve the distance error. The results are evaluated by the cumulative distribution function to check a probability of distance error. The results provided good improvement which increase the wireless indoor localization precision less than 1 m. The proposed WLA for WUWB localization can be used in various applications for the wireless indoor environment.

     

A multi-objective car sequencing problem on two-sided assembly lines

The car sequencing problem consists of sequencing a given set of cars to be produced in each day. This paper presents an application of the extended coincident algorithm (COIN-E), which is an instance of the estimation of distribution algorithms, to a multi-objective car sequencing problem on a more realistic platform, i.e. two-sided assembly lines. Three conflicting objectives are optimised simultaneously in a Pareto sense including minimise the number of paint colour changes, minimise the total number of ratio constraint violations and minimise the utility work. The performances of COIN-E are compared with COIN (its original version), NSGA II, DPSO and BBO. The results reveal that COIN-E is superior to the other contestant algorithms in both solution quality and diversity.     

Cinnamic Acid and its derivatives inhibit fructose-mediated protein glycation

Cinnamic acid and its derivatives have shown a variety of pharmacologic properties. However, little is known about the antiglycation properties of cinnamic acid and its derivatives. The present study sought to characterize the protein glycation inhibitory activity of cinnamic acid and its derivatives in a bovine serum albumin (BSA)/fructose system. The results demonstrated that cinnamic acid and its derivatives significantly inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by approximately 11.96–63.36% at a concentration of 1 mM. The strongest inhibitory activity against the formation of AGEs was shown by cinnamic acid. Furthermore, cinnamic acid and its derivatives reduced the level of fructosamine, the formation of N^ɛ-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), and the level of amyloid cross β-structure. Cinnamic acid and its derivatives also prevented oxidative protein damages, including effects on protein carbonyl formation and thiol oxidation of BSA. Our findings may lead to the possibility of using cinnamic acid and its derivatives for preventing AGE-mediated diabetic complications.