甘蓝型油菜特大籽粒新种质创制及评价

以春性早熟甘蓝型油菜花油8号、油菜品种Legency及半冬性晚熟甘蓝型油菜株系020010为亲本配制三交种;从DH群体中筛选出千粒重超过5.0g特大籽粒新种质。2007-2009年的多点试验中,5个大粒株系千粒重性状表现稳定,年度间变幅为10%～15%;与杂交种云油杂2号比较,株系DL01和DL02分别增产30.6%和20.4%。     

Radiation Hydrodynamic Simulations in the Planar Scheme for the Fundamental Studies of Shock Ignition

As a fundamental and crucial research topic in the direct-driven inertial confinement fusion(ICF),especially for shock ignition(SI),investigation on the laser coupling with planar lowZ targets is beneficial for deep physical comprehension at the primary phase of SI.The production of the intense shock and the shock coalescence in the multi-layer targets,driven by the 3ω intense laser(351 nm the wavelength),were studied in detail with the 1D and 2D radiation hydrodynamic simulations.It was inferred that the 1D simulation would overrate the shock velocity and the ablation pressure of the spike;the coalescence time and the velocity of the coalescence shock depended evidently on the pulse shape and the start time of the spike.The present study can also provide a semi-quantitative reference for the design of the SI decomposition experiments on the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility.     

特大粒甘蓝型油菜籽粒和角果发育形态特征

为进一步了解特大粒甘蓝型油菜种质DL01的大粒机理,以普通籽粒H8为对照,田间调查并比较分析它们的生育期、主花序角果和籽粒在形态、重量、灌浆速率和相对含水量等特征及变化。结果表明,特大籽粒DL01的平均全生育期为207d,比H8长17d,尤其是灌浆期长12d以上;在开花当天,DL01的花梗直径、子房的长度和宽度及重量分别是H8的1.30、1.21、1.39、1.46倍;其最大角果皮光合面积和角果鲜重分别是H8的2.2和3.0倍;单荚胚珠数二者相当,但DL01的着粒数比H8少,最大差异为64%;DL01最大籽粒鲜重（百粒重1.20g）、干重、体积和灌浆速率均是H8的2倍;在含水量方面,在荚角成熟前DL01的果皮含水量比H8略高（3%～5%）,但H8荚果高含水量（〉75%）期只能维持68d,而DL01荚果高含水量（〉80%）期可维持80d;H8籽粒鲜重在47d时达到最高,其含水量为52%,DL01籽粒鲜重在62d时达到最高,其含水量为50%。因此结论是,DL01大粒源自大子房、粗花梗、大的角果皮表面积、低着粒数、高的果皮与籽粒含水量并且灌浆持续时间较长。