Surface Reconstruction Engineering with Synergistic Effect of Mixed-Salt Passivation Treatment toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Surface passivation treatment is a widely used strategy to resolve trap-mediated nonradiative recombination toward high-efficiency metal-halide perovskite photovoltaics. However, a lack of passivation with mixture treatment has been investigated, as well as an in-depth understanding of its passivation mechanism. Here, a systematic study on a mixed-salt passivation strategy of formamidinium bromide (FABr) coupled with different F-substituted alkyl lengths of ammonium iodide is demonstrated. It is obtained better device performance with decreasing chain length of the F-substituted alkyl ammonium iodide in the presence of FABr. Moreover, they unraveled a synergistic passivation mechanism of the mixed-salt treatment through surface reconstruction engineering, where FABr dominates the reformation of the perovskite surface via reacting with the excess PbI₂. Meanwhile, ammonium iodide passivates the perovskite grain boundaries both on the surface and top perovskite bulk through penetration. This synergistic passivation engineer results in a high-quality perovskite surface with fewer defects and suppressed ion migration, leading to a champion efficiency of 23.5% with mixed-salt treatment. In addition, the introduction of the moisture resisted F-substituted groups presents a more hydrophobic perovskite surface, thus enabling the decorated devices with excellent long-term stability under a high humid atmosphere as well as operational conditions.     

甘肃某石煤钒矿焙烧灰渣综合利用工艺研究

针对甘肃某石煤钒矿焙烧灰渣综合利用工艺进行研究。浸出过程中,将传统熟化-水浸浸出工艺与中和-酸浸浸出工艺进行对比,综合分析金属收得率及渣率,优选中和-酸浸双级浸出工艺。回收流程经中和酸浸、还原预处理、铝钒共沉、钒液富集等工序逐级分离回收铝、铁、钒等有价金属,并制备工业应用产品高分子比冰晶石、氧化铁红工业颜料并分析产品纯度。此外,对整个工艺流程的产生的废水、废渣进行综合治理。最后,投产经济效益进行了评估分析,为投资建设石煤钒矿焙烧尾渣综合利用项目提供可靠的决策依据。     

Synthesis of Ionic Ultramicroporous Polymers for Selective Separation of Acetylene from Ethylene

The design of highly stable and efficient porous materials is essential for developing breakthrough hydrocarbon separation methods based on physisorption to replace currently used energy-intensive distillation/absorption technologies. Efforts to develop advanced porous materials such as zeolites, coordination frameworks, and organic polymers have met with limited success. Here, a new class of ionic ultramicroporous polymers (IUPs) with high-density inorganic anions and narrowly distributed ultramicroporosity is reported, which are synthesized by a facile free-radical polymerization using branched and amphiphilic ionic compounds as reactive monomers. A covalent and ionic dual-crosslinking strategy is proposed to manipulate the pore structure of amorphous polymers at the ultramicroporous scale. The IUPs exhibit exceptional selectivity (286.1–474.4) for separating acetylene from ethylene along with high thermal and water stability, collaboratively demonstrated by gas adsorption isotherms and experimental breakthrough curves. Modeling studies unveil the specific binding sites for acetylene capture as well as the interconnected ultramicroporosity for size sieving. The porosity-engineering protocol used in this work can also be extended to the design of other ultramicroporous materials for the challenging separation of other key gas constituents.     

NH_3-OH体系中共沉淀法同时回收钕铁硼废料中Nd-Pr-Co-Fe

为了避免回收单一钕铁硼废料中有价元素带来的操作复杂和资源浪费等问题,本研究采用共沉淀法共沉淀出钕铁硼废料中的有价元素Me(Nd,Pr,Co,Fe),制备可用于生产再生钕铁硼的原料;根据质量守恒和同时平衡原理,采用MATLAB软件建立Me(Nd,Pr,Co,Fe)-OH--NH3热力学模型,绘制lg[Me]-p H曲线模拟共沉淀工艺,并根据模拟结果确立了共沉淀工艺;模拟和实验的结果表明:根据lg[Me]-p H模拟结果可以确立一步共沉淀法的p H:6~10,Fe3+比Fe2+更易于沉淀完全;在上述条件下获得的共沉淀粉末主相均为Nd,Pr,Co,Fe的化合物,且有价元素的百分比含量均大于99.4%;其中,当p H值在8左右时回收率最高,在该条件下金属元素Me(Nd,Pr,Co,Fe)的沉淀效率分别为:98.7%,99.9%,93.6%,99.9%。该结果也表明共沉淀法工艺不仅高效,而且所制备的共沉淀粉末可以满足制备二次钕铁硼的需要。     

渣油中硫化物类型分布与化学转化性能

用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）定量研究了Athabasca渣油及其加氢裂化渣油，流化焦化渣油中的硫化物类型，用超临界流体萃取分馏将3种渣油分别分离成9－14个窄馏分及残渣，测定其中的硫醚，噻吩，亚砜和砜类硫原子的分布，讨论了加氢裂化和热裂化反应脱除硫化物的反应性能。     

基于ISP技术的自动测试系统信号处理研究

在VXI总线模块及GPIB仪器构成的自动测试系统中 ,利用ispLSI10 3 2实现了测试信号的动态分配和预处理 ,有效解决了测试平台对多种复杂被测对象的适配问题。     

综合布线系统的设计、施工及测试

针对综合布线系统工程设计与施工中存在的问题作一简单的归纳，并提出相应的解决办法。其中解决的办法包括几点重要的内容：设计时注意用户的需求和系统的可扩展性，施工时严格按照规范施工，工程结束后要做出详细的测试方案。接地问题和线缆敷设管路的弯曲问题是在施工时很重要的。测试时应测试的内容有：远端串扰、近端串扰、综合近端串扰、结构回波损耗等。     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Intelligent traffic monitoring and traffic diagnosis analysis based on neural network algorithm

Traffic sign recognition and lane detection play an important role in traffic flow planning, avoiding traffic accidents, and alleviating traffic chaos. At present, the traffic intelligent recognition rate still needs to be improved. In view of this, based on the neural network algorithm, this study constructs an intelligent transportation system based on neural network algorithm, and combines machine vision technology to carry out intelligent monitoring and intelligent diagnosis of traffic system. In addition, this study discusses in detail the core of the monitoring system: multi-target tracking algorithm, and introduces the complete implementation process and details of the system, and highlights the implementation and tracking effect of the multi-target tracker. Finally, this study uses case identification to analyze the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed by this paper. The research results show that the proposed method has certain practical effects and can be used as a reference for subsequent system construction.

     

Extension of the DEMATEL method in an uncertain linguistic environment

The decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method is a useful tool for analyzing correlations among factors using crisp values. However, the crisp values are inadequate to model real-life situations due to the fuzziness and uncertainty that are frequently involved in judgments of experts. The aim of this paper is to extend the DEMATEL method to an uncertain linguistic environment. In this paper, the correlation information among factors provided by experts is in the form of uncertain linguistic terms. A formula is first presented to transform correlation information from uncertain linguistic terms to trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Then, we aggregate the transformed correlation information of each expert into group information using the operations of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The importance and classification of factors are determined via fuzzy matrix operations. Furthermore, a causal diagram is constructed to vividly show the different roles of factors. Finally, an example is used to illustrate the procedure of the proposed method.