Bronchial hyperresponsiveness as a predictor of wheezing in a follow-up study of healthy men

We assessed the relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and the onset of wheezing 5 years later, by epidemiological analysis of 194 working men without asthma or wheezing at the first examination. In 1985/ 1986 and 1990/1991, subjects answered a British Medical Research Council questionnaire and performed lung function measurements and methacholine challenge tests (total dose 6 mg). BHR was measured in three ways: (1) FEV1 fall > or = 20% (PD20+); (2) the two-point response slope expressed as percentage decline of FEV1/dose, and (3) a four-parameter model: FEV1 at dose (d)/ prechallenge FEV1 = ONE-k(d-delta)+a, where 'k' is the slope of the relative variation of FEV1 with the dose, 'delta' the threshold dose, and 'alpha' a shape factor. In the 13 new wheezers, the mean values of the two-point slope and of k were significantly increased, and the proportion of reactors was almost threefold (the latter was not statistically significant). Among nonsmokers, delta was significantly lower in new wheezers than in the others, whereas the slope and k had similar mean values. Among smokers, new wheezers had increased mean values for the slope and k, and an increased proportion of reactors, whereas delta was not decreased. Thus, BHR was a significant predictor of wheezing, independent of the method of analysis. Moreover, the model distinguished between two components of bronchial response: wheezing was predicted by sensitivity (delta) in nonsmokers, and by reactivity (k) in smokers.     

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涤纶及其混纺织物染色领域中的一项创新—托拉司WW

本文叙述了涤纶及其混纺织物染色中迫切要求洗涤牢度的一系列因素,并叙述了过去在分散染料洗涤牢度方面存在的的一些不足之点.论述了亨斯迈公司在苯二甲酰亚胺偶氮化学的基础上发明了全新的具有优良洗涤牢度的分散染料-托拉司WW(Terasil WW)并举例与以前的所谓洗涤牢度良好的分散染料作了比较.