Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Proteins and Fatty Acids of Soybean

Two hundred grams of soybean seeds (moisture contents of 7.4, 15.3, 22.5, and 30.5%) were irradiated at dose levels of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 KGy using Cobalt-60 source. Radiation dose of 100 KGy caused a decrease in the percentage of nitrogen solubility from 80.3 to 67.2, 80.3 to 57.8, and 68.1 to 48.8 when deionized H₂O, 0.6M NaCl, and 0.2M Cacl₂ were used as solvents, respectively. Inhibition of 71% of lipoxygenase activities, 25.4% trypsin inhibitor activities, and 16.7% chymotrypsin inhibitor activities were found when the soybean seeds were irradiated at 100 KGy.     

Influence of pulse electrodeposition parameters on microhardness,grain size and surface morphology of Ni–Co/SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanocomposite coating

Ni–Co/SiO ₂ nanocomposite coatings and Ni–Co alloy coatings were prepared on steel substrate using direct and pulse electrodeposition methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray map and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were employed to investigate the phase structure, surface morphology, and elemental analysis of coatings, respectively. In high discharge rates, the surface morphology was rough, disordered and gross globular; on the contrary, in the low rates, it was smoother, more ordered and fine globular. Also, effect of electrodeposition parameters such as average current density, pulse frequency and duty cycle on the microhardness and grain size of nanocomposite coatings that produced through the pulse current electrodeposition method have been investigated. By amplifying both duty cycles up to 50% and average current density from 2 to 6 A dm^?2, microhardness increased, while the grain size decreased. But when duty cycle mounted on more than 50% and the average current density went up to 8 A dm^?2, microhardness lessened, while the grain size rose. The optimum value for pulse frequency was about 25 Hz. Results showed that microhardness of nanocomposite coatings which were produced by pulse current method was higher than that of produced by direct current method.     

Effects of helium massive gas injection level on disruption mitigation on EAST

In this study, NIMROD simulations are performed to investigate the effects of massive helium gas injection level on the induced disruption on EAST tokamak. It is demonstrated in simulations that two different scenarios of plasma cooling(complete cooling and partial cooling) take place for different amounts of injected impurities. For the impurity injection above a critical level, a single MHD activity is able to induce a complete core temperature collapse. For impurity injection below the critical level, a series of multiple minor disruptions occur before the complete thermal quench.     

EFFECTS OF ADDED WEIGHTING AGENT AND XANTHAN GUM ON STABILITY AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BEVERAGE CLOUD EMULSIONS FORMULATED USING MODIFIED STARCH

Stability of beverage emulsion is measured by the rate at which the emulsion creams, flocculates or coalesces, and is generally dependent on rheology of water phase, difference in specific gravities of the two phases and droplet size/distribution of the emulsion. The effects of weighting agents (sucrose acetate isobutyrate and brominated vegetable oil) and xanthan gum on modified starch‐based emulsions were evaluated in this study. Emulsion was formed by addition of 9% coconut oil, in the presence or absence of weighting agents, into the water phase containing modified starch at 10, 12 or 14% without or with the addition of 0.3% xanthan gum. Stabilities of emulsions were evaluated both in the concentrated form used for storage and dilute form used in beverages. The addition of xanthan gum into the water phase decreased the flow behavior index (n) from 0.88 down to 0.31 and increased elastic modulus (G′) over 20 times at elevated frequency (ω = 50 rad/s) and elevated the stability of the emulsion. The xanthan gum‐added emulsion had smaller particle size and demonstrated 14 and 5 times slower phase separation compared to the emulsions without or with the addition of weighting agents, respectively. When the elastic modulus was larger than the viscous modulus (G′ > G″), the emulsions demonstrated greater stability. In dilute beverage solutions, creaming was observed in the absence of xanthan gum.     

Decentralized stabilization of interconnected systems

An algorithm for the evaluation of the fixed modes of interconnected large-scale systems with respect to decentralized feedback gains is presented, as well as a procedure for the determination of decentralized stabilization and/or pole-placement feedback gains. The approach is based on eigenvalue dynamics, and closed-form expressions for eigenvalue sensitivities with respect to the decentralized feedback gains are obtained.     

Linear feedback control with prespecified performance measure

A novel procedure is presented to design a linear constant state feedback controller with a prespecified performance measure. The method is an iterative technique based on the sensitivity of a quadratic cost functional with respect to the feedback gains. At each iteration, a Riccati-type algebraic matrix equation is solved to compute the sensitivity expressions needed to update the feedback gains.     

Digital design of variable structure control systems

Reachability conditions are developed for discrete single-input-single-output variable structure control systems described by linear mathematical models in general state-space form to reach a switching function from anywhere in state space. Stability conditions of a sliding mode are investigated. A modified algorithm is proposed to simplify the design procedure. Practical application to a thermal process has been achieved by using the modified algorithm to show the potential for development and practical results are compared with those using the classical PID controller design.     

不同电增压方式对米勒循环柴油机性能影响的模拟研究

利用GT-Power进行建模,探究独立式与一体式两种电增压方式对米勒循环柴油机性能的影响。仿真结果表明:两种电增压都可以拓宽米勒循环的应用范围,一体式电增压适用于过量空气系数高的工况,独立式电增压适用于过量空气系数低的工况。与高转速大进气量工况相比,低转速小进气量工况使用电增压能获得更好的增压效果。