Optoelectronic Method of Noncontacting Reconstruction of the Profile of a Surface of Three Dimensional Objects of Large Dimensions

An optoelectronic method is considered for noncontacting reconstruction of the surface profile of three-dimensional objects of large dimensions. The optimal conditions for performing measurements are identified. It is shown that the proposed method, in contrast to the already known methods, does not require fine tuning of the equipment. A numerical method is given for compensating distortions caused by aberrations. A method is described for reconstructing the surface profile cell by cell which increases the accuracy of measurements.     

Power Dissipation in Spintronic Devices Out of Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Quantum limits of power dissipation in spintronic computing are estimated. A computing element composed of a single electron in a quantum dot is considered. Dynamics of its spin due to external magnetic field and interaction with adjacent dots are described via the Bloch equations. Spin relaxation due to magnetic noise from various sources is described as coupling to a reservoir. Resulting dissipation of energy is calculated and is shown to be much less than the thermal limit, ∼kT per bit, if the rate of spin relaxation is much slower than the switching rate. Clues on how to engineer an energy efficient spintronic device are provided.     

Experimental investigations of the effect of new passive safety systems on the temperature state of fuel elements

Results of experiments conducted on a large-scale integral PSB-VVéR bench and directed toward investigation of the performance of new passive safety systems for nuclear plants with a water-cooled power reactor, an additional system for passive flooding of the active zone, and a system for the passive removal of heat from steam generators are presented. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 9, September 2007, pp. 7–10.     

Prospects for the use of thermionic nuclear power plants for interorbital transfers of space vehicles in near space

Scientific-Production Association "Krasnaya Zvezda." Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 73, No. 5, pp. 346–350, November, 1992.     

Competition of large-scale projects: The game model of gas pipeline construction

Consideration is given to the problem of large-scale projects competition in the formulation motivated by real problems of defining the rational development of oil and gas transportation systems. The problem is formulated as a noncooperative game of n persons. Standard existence theorems and algorithms for computing the Nash equilibrium solutions are not applicable to it. For the case when all functional parameters of the problem are defined by exponential functions, a finite solution algorithm is proposed. Here is developed the approach proposed and studied in [1–5].     

Americium volatility from ozonized alkaline solutions

The Am volatility from 4 M NaOH solutions in the course of their ozonation at 80°C was studied. The formation of volatile Am compounds under these conditions was proved by α-ray spectrometry. The whole set of data on the volatility and kinetics of reduction of ozonized Am solutions suggest possible formation of short-lived hydroxo complexes of Am in higher oxidation state, including Am(VIII), along with Am(VI) hydroxo complexes, with AmO₄ possibly existing in equilibrium with these Am(VIII) species. No Cm volatility was detected under the same conditions. The observed differences in the behavior of Pu and Am, on the one hand, and Np and Cm, on the other hand, under identical ozonation conditions are attributed to the ability of Pu and Am to be oxidized under these conditions to unstable octavalent state, responsible for their volatility.     

Synthesis and properties of solid electrolyte Ce<Subscript>0.9</Subscript>Gd<Subscript>0.1</Subscript>O<Subscript>2–δ</Subscript> with Co,Cu, Mn,Zn doping

The influence of small additions (1, 3, 5 mol %) of transition metal (Co, Cu, Mn, Zn) oxides on the properties of solid electrolyte Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2–δ (GDC) have been investigated. It has been shown that the addition of dopants results in intensification of GDC sintering and reduction of the shrinkage end temperature by 300–400°C, which decreases in the sequence Zn–Mn–Co–Cu. The ultimate dopant concentration above which the further activation of GDC sintering does not occur is about 3 mol % for Co, Cu, and Mn and about 1 mol % for Zn. It has been shown that Co and Cu increase the total conductivity of GDC, while Mn and Zn decrease it.