On the impact of physical layer awareness on scheduling and resource allocation in broadband multicellular IEEE 802.16 systems [Radio Resource Management and Protocol Engineering for IEEE 802.16]

Multicellular networks based on the IEEE 802.16 standard appear to be very promising candidates to provide end users with broadband wireless access. However, they also pose interesting challenges in terms of radio resource management, where several design choices are not specified in the standard, intentionally left open to implementors. For this reason, we focus in this article on scheduling and resource allocation, and investigate how they could operate in a cross-layer fashion. In particular, we describe the principles of joint scheduling and resource allocation for IEEE 802.16 operating in AMC mode, and discuss the critical role played by physical layer considerations, especially intercell interference estimation and channel state awareness, in the obtained performance. This leads to identifying key open issues and possible general solutions     

Performance Analysis of an All-Digital Acquisition Circuit

The performance analysis of a fully digital acquisition circuit for direct sequence spread-spectrum systems has been made. The disturbance is considered Gaussian but with a colored spectral density. The effects of the disturbance correlation show remarkable effects on the detection probability and on the mean acquisition time at low signal-to-noise ratios. An example of an application is reported.     

Power Spectrum of Angle Modulated Correlated Digital Signals

The paper deals with the spectral analysis of both phase and frequency modulated digital signals with correlated messages, where correlation is obtained by encoding. Also, a possible general filtering of the baseband digital signal is taken into account. The method of computation is fast, since the computational complexity increases linearly with the baseband pulse duration. The main result is concerned with frequency modulation. It is shown that for some well-known baseband encoding schemes, such as bipolar, pair selected ternary, high density bipolar, and bipolar withnzeros substitution, the spectrum exhibits lines no matter what the value of the modulation index.     

A Unified SNR-Dependent Analysis of Space–Time Codes in Fading Channels

The pairwise error probability (PEP) for multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) radio interfaces is investigated by means of a novel formulation based on compound matrices. The proposed approach is suitable for any MIMO system having average upper-bounded PEP written as [det( I + gamma A)]^-zeta, where A is a Hermitian matrix, zeta an integer number, and gamma the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); that bound frequently results in MIMO single- and multicarrier transmissions. It is shown that the minimization of the bounded PEP should consider the whole set of nonzero compound matrices of A. In particular, the SNR of interest marks the compound matrix that mainly drives the system performance. Both diversity advantage and coding gain are given as continuous functions of the variable gamma, hence, their asymptotic behaviors are taken as important case of studies. The interaction effects between channel code and propagation environment are also discussed. It is shown how the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the autocorrelation channel matrix may be considered for code design. It is also proved the maximization of the code rank is not always a necessary requirement for performance improvement being its optimal value fixed by the channel structure and SNR of interest. Finally, the analysis is applied to space-time trellis-coded transmissions over spatially correlated slow Rayleigh-fading channels.     

Impact of amplifier nonlinearities on OFDM transmission systemperformance

The power spectral density of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal after a saturated high-power amplifier (HPA) is analytically derived. The distortion of the HPA-processed OFDM signal is defined, and its power spectrum is computed. The spectra of the signal and of the distortion are used to get an accurate estimate of the bit-error rate of an OFDM transmission system and to derive compensation at the receiver, which leads to performance improvement     

Phase Noise Spectral Limits in OFDM Systems

OFDM is recognized to be one of the best transmission techniques for wideband wireless communication systems. However, it exhibits two main drawbacks: its large amplitude fluctuation and its sensitivity to phase noise. Here we consider the phase noise impairments, taking care of the phase noise spectrum, which diverges form the classical Wiener model as the carrier frequency increases. Moreover, we show that the phase noise distortion can be decomposed in two terms, one dependent on the symbol under detection and the other dependent on the symbols of adjacent subcarriers, so that the performance degradation depends on both the constellation used in each subcarrier and the phase noise spectrum. As a consequence of this new results, the penalty due to phase noise expressed in terms of the average signal/noise plus interference ratio is not applicable in the case of modulations with non-constant amplitude constellations, such as 16- or 64-QAM. The method proposed here achieves a good accuracy, while keeping a low computational complexity, and it is confirmed by simulations. Roberto Corvaja was born in Padova (Italy) in 1967. He graduated at the Universisty of Padova in Electronic Enginering on 1990 and got his Ph.D. at the Univeristy of Padova in 1994. Since 1994 he is with the Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informatica of the University of Padova as a researcher and assistant professor on digital communications. Between 1994 and 1995 he spent 8 months at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol (UK), working on equalization for a DECT receiver. His research activity in the past has regarded optical fibre communications systems and now is devoted to wireless communication systems. Silvano Pupolin was born in Venice, Italy, on February 17, 1947. He received the Laurea degree in Electronic Engineering from the University of Padova, Padova, Italy, in 1970. Since then he joined the Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informatica of the Universita' di Padova, where he currently is a Full Professor of Electrical Communications. He spent the summer 1985 at AT&T Bell Laboratories on leave from Padova, doing research on digital radio systems. He has been actively engaged in researches on digital communication systems since 1970. The topics covered has been: performance of baseband digital comunication systems, line encoding for spectral shaping, timing extraction, direct detection fiber optic system, spread spectrum communication systems, digital radio communications, with emphasis to the adaptive linearization of the High-Power-Amplifier. Actually, he is actively engaged in researches on digital radio, spread s pectrum systems, packet radio networks, personal communication systems and Cellular access to broadband systems for interactive communications. He is also National Project leader for a research on Personal Communication Systems. Dr. Pupolin is a Senior Member of IEEE and Member of AEI.     

Spectral Analysis of Line Regenerator Time Jitter

A closed form expression for the spectral density of the time jitter produced in a line regenerator in the presence of a general polynomial nonlinear circuit, band-limited baseband pulses, and an arbitrary tuned filter is developed. The method applies to a PAM digital signal with mutually independent symbols but with an arbitrary number of levels and symbol probabilities. As an example of the method, the spectrum of the time jitter produced in the presence of a fourth power law nonlinear circuit is reported.