Effects of winding connections on characteristics of a five‐phase stepping motor

A method for calculating the single‐step response of five‐phase hybrid stepping motors is obtained. The effects of winding connecting methods—(1) star‐bipolar SB, (2) pentagon PD, and (3) new pentagon NP—on the single‐step response are investigated. By application of the above calculation method, the continuous rotating characteristics are studied. It is found that the maximum slewing pulse rate of NP is higher than that of SB and PD connections, and that the variation of the rotor speed at high speed with the SB and PD connections is larger than that with the NP connection. The effects of the current waveform on the oscillation characteristics and relations between the current waveform and the winding connections are investigated. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 136(1): 47–56, 2001     

Velocity Errors of the Resolver Phase Shifter

An equivalent circuit is derived by applying the theory of two-phase symmetrical components to the rotating resolver phase shifter, in which a resistance and a capacitor are connected to the secondary windings of the resolver, and an output voltage equation for calculation of velocity errors is also derived on the basis of this equivalent circuit. Based on the analysis of the output voltage equation, effects of the rotor speed on the magnitude of the output voltage and the phase-angle error are investigated.     

Diffusion equations based on generalized continuum mechanics

We propose that an increasing value in entropy inequality is not a local value of entropy but an average value in a mesodomain. From this standpoint, new balance equations are obtained by applying the concept of generalized continuum mechanics to mass transfer. In the present paper, it is clarified that the influence of a mesoscopic gradient of mass concentration should be included in Fick's first law and Fourier's law. Even if thermal effects on diffusion are neglected, the diffusion equations obtained here are simultaneous differential equations with two undetermined values, which include the conventional diffusion equation as a special case. The conventional diffusion equation describing infinite velocity of propagation associated with diffusion entails a contradiction. The velocity of propagation defined here is shown in the results of a numerical analysis for an extreme initial state. Consequently, it is indicated that the present theory gives an acceptable solution to the above problem in the conventional theory. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 26(2): 84–96, 1997     

异步电动机等效电路参数高精度计算方法探讨

本文提出了一种用计算机进行三相异步电动机等效电路参数高精度计算的方法.该方法根据电动机的空载试验、堵转试验及负载试验的实验数据.通过计算机不断计算修正,使等效电路参数理论计算值逐步收敛于实验值.同时将本方法与现行各主要等效电路参数精度计算方法进行比较探讨.证明了本方法的正确性和实用性.     

Application of mechanical restitution: variation of inotropic effects of vagal stimulation or verapamil administration during irregular cardiac rhythm

The effects of verapamil administration or vagal stimulation on the mechanical restitution curve (MRC) were studied in order to better understand the modulation of left ventricular (LV) function by interventions that lower the ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation. The MRC and the postextrasystolic MRC were obtained in 11 dogs using peak single beat elastance (Emax). The MRC was fitted by a monoexponential curve. Vagal stimulation or verapamil administration decreased the peak of the MRC and right-shifted the MRC. The postextrasystolic MRC was located upward compared with the control MRC, and was shifted downward by vagal stimulation or verapamil administration. If interventions having a negative inotropic effect effectively slow a rapid heart rate, the net effect of the ventricular contractile state may not always be negative. It was concluded that the MRC is useful in understanding LV contractility during irregular rhythm, especially when assessing the net effect of the negative dromotropic and inotropic action of antiarrhythmic drugs.     

Oscillation frequency in hybrid stepping motors

Oscillation characteristics under constant drive pulse-rate conditions are measured on the basis of the drive pulse rate f (pps). Relationships between the oscillation frequency under rotating conditions and the single-step response are investigated. It is clarified that the main components of oscillation consist of the integral- and fractional-harmonics of f, and that they are determined from the times at the valley and peak of the single-step response, respectively. The f/4 component oscillation, which is very different from the forementioned oscillations, also is discussed.