基因强化技术在污染治理中的研究及应用

介绍了基因强化技术的原理及特点，并对基因强化技术在土壤污染修复、废水处理系统（活性污泥系统和生物膜反应器）中的研究和应用作了全面综述，在此基础上提出了该领域的研究和发展方向。     

Sb(Ⅴ)在高岭土表面的吸附:pH、离子强度、竞争性离子与胡敏酸的影响

调查了在不同的pH、离子强度、胡敏酸和竞争性离子存在的条件下Sb(Ⅴ)在高岭土表面的吸附行为.pH对Sb(Ⅴ)在高岭土表面的吸附行为影响显著,pH在3～8之间时,随介质pH的升高,Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附减弱;离子强度、胡敏酸的存在对吸附的影响均不显著;PO3-4 的存在对Sb(Ⅴ)在高岭土表面的吸附有明显的抑制作用.     

Rare earth element content in the SPM of Daliao river system and its comparison with that in the sediments, loess and soils in China

Content and distribution patterns of rare earth dements （REEs） in the suspended particulate material （SPM） of Daliao River system were investigated and compared with those in the fiver and sea sediments, loess, and soils of China. Twenty-seven samples of SPM were taken in Daliao River system and digested with various acids followed by ICP-MS analysis for REEs and ICP-OES analysis for Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Mg, Ca, Na, and K, to measure the total concentrations of these elements. Results indicated that the spatial change in the content of REEs was great, with the coefficient of variance （CV） from 84% to 105%, while the contents of REEs were significantly correlated with each other. Chondrite-normalized patterns of REEs were characterized by higher enrichment of light REEs than heavy REEs, and a depletion of Eu in the SPM was generally found. The positive anomaly of Eu in the SPM of Xi River was due to anthropogenic source in Shenyang City. Furthermore, chondfite- and upper continent crust-normalized patterns of REEs in the SPM of Daliao River system, sediments of Yangtze River and Yellow River, sediments of Yellow Sea, East Sea, South Sea of China, and loess and soil of China, were very similar to one another. These demonstrated that the weathering and sedimentary processes resulted in constant REE distribution not only in the typical sedimentary rocks, but also in the modem riverine particle, sea sediments, loess, and soils.     

微波模板交联壳聚糖吸附剂对镉离子的吸附机理

通过IR、XPS及化学分析方法研究了微波模板法交联壳聚糖吸附剂(CCTSCd)对Cd2+的吸附机理及其选择记忆性。IR谱图表明,模板法保护了一部分氨基,未与Cd2+发生配位作用的一部分活性氨基参与了交联反应。对比吸附前后CCTSCd的XPS谱图,CCTSCd中O1s和C1s的结合能基本没有变化,N1s和Cd(II)Cd3d 5/2和Cd3d 3/2的特征峰发生化学位移,通过分峰拟合分析,Cd2+与CCTSCd中-NH2基团发生了配位反应。CCTSCd对Cd2+吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。