Application of the Solvothermal Process in the Synthesis of High-performance Ag/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalysts

1 INTRODUCTION Since Cu-ZSM-5 was reported as an effective catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by hydrocarbons in the presence of excess oxygen, the SCR of NOx has received much attention as a kind of potential technology for cleaning NOx in various oxygen-rich exhausts of diesel engine, lean burning gasoline engine and gas engine. Although a number of catalysts have been tested, to date, it still seems to be difficult to find a catalyst that is completely suit…     

二氧化钛纳米粒子的低温合成及可见光催化性能

介绍一种低温合成二氧化钛纳米粒子的新方法.将非晶型二氧化钛加入强酸性溶液中室温搅拌数小时后得到无色透明的溶液.继续在室温搅拌数48h后,可以得到高比表面的金红石相二氧化钛纳米粒子.改变处理过程温度及酸的种类,可以得到不同组成的纤维状二氧化钛纳米粒子.对盐酸体系进行详细讨论结果表明,在低于60℃时得到的是热力学稳定的金红石单一相,而在高于120℃时得到的是热力学亚稳态的锐钛矿单一相,高于170℃时得到的是锐钛矿及金红石的混合相,显示出与众不同的结晶行为.通过此低温法制备的金红石相二氧化钛在具有较小的吸收禁带的同时,还拥有100n2·g-1以上的比表面积.与锐钛矿相相比,显示了良好的可见光催化活性.     

Cr掺杂对铯钨青铜光学性能的影响

以WCl_6、CsOH·H_2O和CrCl_3·6H_2O为原料,乙醇和乙酸为溶剂,通过水控制释放的溶剂热法一步合成Cr掺杂的铯钨青铜。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对材料的晶相、结合能、形貌、元素组成等进行表征。结果表明,所合成的样品为六方Cs_(0.32)WO_3结构,随着Cr掺杂量的增加,薄膜的可见光透过率增加。当Cr/W摩尔比为0.01时,薄膜仍具有良好的红外屏蔽性能,而可见光区的平均透过率提高了10%。此外,通过隔热性能测试,与空白玻璃相比,薄膜的隔热温差为6.4℃,样品的隔热效率为73.4%。     

H2Ti4O9纳米晶的制备与表征

采用机械化学法,利用离子交换反应,通过离子交换、层离和沉淀过程制备了高比表面积的H2Ti4O9纳米晶体.采用XRD、TEM、热分析、N2吸附脱附等温过程和吸收光谱对制备的H2Ti4O9纳米晶体进行了表征.结果表明,以TiO2纳米晶片形式存在的微晶Ti4O9^2-,其径向尺寸低于50nm,纳米晶片的比表面积取决于反应溶液的pH值和对前驱物K2Ti4O9球磨的时间.将K2Ti4O9球磨2h后悬浮于1mol/L HCl溶液中搅拌,进行离子交换反应,最后将溶液pH值调整至8,沉淀后所得产物H2Ti4O9的比表面积达328.4m^2·g^1.     

玫瑰花型氧化锌的软溶液合成及其发光特性

以硝酸锌和HMT为原料、乙二醇为分散剂、三乙醇胺为表面活性剂合成球形氧化锌晶粒,然后将其引入0.02mol·L-1的HMT溶液里,95℃的条件下进行长达3天的表面修饰,成功地制备出具有独特结构的玫瑰花形氧化锌晶粒。XRD、SEM以及荧光分光光度计的分析结果表明:经修饰获得的玫瑰花型氧化锌呈典型的纤锌矿结构,其直径是球形的近三倍(从600nm增长到1700nm),晶粒质量更为完善,且具有优秀的光致发光性能,仅在388nm处显示尖锐的紫外峰。此外,基于两类晶粒的形貌结构特征及反应过程,对其形成机理进行了初步推断。     

Synthesis of Nitrogen-doped Titania by Solvothermal Reactions in Alcohols

Nitrogen-doped titania nanoparticles were obtained by the homogeneous precipitation in hexamethylenetetramine- titanium trichloride-alcohol aqueous solutions at 90℃ followed by heating at 190℃. Anatase, rutile and brookite were obtained, where the crystallite size, specific surface area and color greatly changed as 5~50 nm, 20~200 m2/g and light gray to yellow, depending on the solvent and pH. The products after calcination were yellow, indicating doping with nitrogen ion. All colored titania showed photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation for the oxidative decomposition of nitrogen monoxide in air. Especially, the nanoparticles of anatase type nitrogen-doped titania obtained using methanol aqueous solution showed excellent photocatalytic activity.     

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Visible-light Induced Photocatalyst with Nitrogen and Carbon Doping

Nitrogen and/or carbon doped titania photocatalysts were prepared by a novel mechanochemical method. The prepared powders possessed two absorption edges around 400 and 540 nm wavelengths and showed excellent photocatalytic ability for nitrogen monoxide oxidation under visible light irradiation. Under the irradiation of visible light of wavelength >510 nm, 37% of nitrogen monoxide could be continuously removed by the carbon and nitrogen co-doped titania prepared by planetary ball milling of P-25 titania-10% hexamethylenetetramine mixture followed by calcination in air at 400?C.     

Application of the Solvothermal Process in the Synthesis of High-performance Ag/g-Al2O3 Catalysts

Ag/g-Al2O3 is a kind of promising catalyst with the relatively lower cost compared with those using noble metals, good resistance against catalytic poisoning and excellent behaviour for NOx removal. In the present study, Ag/g-Al2O3 catalysts were synthesized by the solvothermal process and characterized by XRD, TG-DTA, TEM, UV-Vis and FT-IR. It was found that high-performance Ag/g-Al2O3 catalysts could be synthesized by properly selecting starting materials, controlling the composition of solvent and other reaction conditions. The microstructure evolution of the catalysts was also discussed.     

大块致密[(Ca_(1-x)Sr_x)_(2-2y)](Ti_(2-2y)Li_2y)Si_(2y)O_(6-y)在CO_2减排及资源化利用方面的应用

介绍大块的、致密的、用作介电材料的非化学计量比化合物(“掺杂材料“)的合成及其应用。介质阻挡放电(DBD)是指在两金属电极之间插入一层绝缘材料的等离子放电装置。从放电物理学角度来讲,这层材料的介电常数越高,所产生的等离子能量就越高,这样,如果应用到等离子化学领域,就会提高化学反应能力。目前商业化生产的高介电常数材料的强度都较低,如BaTiO_3,在等离子发生的瞬间就会被击穿。所以要在DBD中使用高介电常数的材料,就必须进行新型介电材料的研发。介绍了高强度、高密度、高介电常数的非化学计量比化合物[(Ca_(1-x)Sr_x)_(2-2y)](Ti_(2-2y)Li_(2y))Si_(2y)O_(6-y)的合成理论、工艺方法及其在CO_2减排、资源化利用方面的应用。