胶体推力器的研究进展及关键技术北大核心CSCD

胶体推力器是一种静电式推力器,具有比冲高、可控精度高等优点,在微小卫星的姿态控制、轨道转移等领域具有广泛的应用前景。目前国内对胶体推力器的研究还不够成熟,尚处于起步阶段。简述了胶体推力器的结构组成、工作原理和主要特点,重点介绍了胶体推力器的发展过程,以及在设计制造中涉及的一些关键技术,即发射极毛细管制造技术、推进剂供给元件制造技术、中和技术、长寿命问题和微推力测量技术,为我国胶体推力器后续的发展提供一定的参考。     

面向空间无拖曳飞行任务的连续变推力离子推力器研制

推力的宽范围、高精度、连续可调和快速响应是实现航天器无拖曳飞行任务的技术基础,直接决定了整星工程任务的成败。针对重力梯度测量卫星及近地轨道观测卫星在轨任务期间对电推进系统高精度连续变推力能力的迫切需求,分析了离子推力器连续变推力的工作原理,研究了推力器输出推力宽范围、高精度、快速连续调节的关键要素。在此基础上,通过推力调节试验、空间环境适应性及寿命特性研究,揭示了10 cm口径连续变推力离子推力器的工程特性,获得了1~25 mN内的推力调节规律,实现了分辨率为50μN的推力调节响应。研究将为重力梯度测量卫星及近地轨道观测卫星开展无拖曳空间飞行奠定基础。     

Steady and oscillatory plasma properties in the near-field plume of a hollow cathode

Hollow cathodes serve as electron sources in Hall thrusters,ion thrusters and other electric propulsion systems.One of the vital problems in their application is the cathode erosion.However,the basic erosion mechanism and the source of high-energy ions cause of erosion are not fully understood.In this paper,both potential measurements and simulation analyses were performed to explain the formation of high-energy ions.A high-speed camera,a single Langmuir probe and a floating emissive probe were used to determine the steady and oscillatory plasma properties in the near-field plume of a hollow cathode.The temporal structure,electron temperature,electron density,and both static and oscillation of plasma potentials of the plume have been obtained by the diagnostics mentioned above.The experimental results show that there exists a potential hill (about 30 V) and also severe potential oscillations in the near-plume region.Moreover,a simple 2D particle-in-cell model was used to analyze the energy transition between the potential hill and/or its oscillations and the ions.The simulation results show that the energy of ions gained from the static potential background is about 20 eV,but it could reach to 60 eV when the plasma oscillates.