Multimedia Tools and Applications - Mobile devices have become a commodity in nowadays allowing people to get connected and perform several tasks for work. The usefulness of mobile is mobility... 相似文献
Recently, demand increased for dielectric materials used in energy storage devices at high voltage applications. Appearance of polar clusters in glass matrix could promote its use in energy storage applications. Conventional quenched glass sample of composition 10PbTiO3–10Fe2O3–30V2O5–50B2O3 were successfully developed. The glassy nature was confirmed by XRD and DSC measurements. Boson peak observed at low frequency from the Raman spectra confirms polar cluster formation. Dielectric properties of prepared glass were investigated in a wide range of frequency and temperature. Broad and diffuse peak of dielectric permittivity shifted to the higher temperatures, denoting the typical relaxor ferroelectrics like behavior. Sample shows energy storage density of about 164.7 mJ/cm3 at room temperature. Quenched glass sample shows typical anti-ferromagnetic behavior.
Gross CO2 and CH4 emissions (degassing and diffusion from the reservoir) and the carbon balance were assessed in 2009-2010 in two Southeast Asian sub-tropical reservoirs: the Nam Ngum and Nam Leuk Reservoirs (Lao PDR). These two reservoirs are within the same climatic area but differ mainly in age, size, residence time and initial biomass stock. The Nam Leuk Reservoir was impounded in 1999 after partial vegetation clearance and burning. However, GHG emissions are still significant 10 years after impoundment. CH4 diffusive flux ranged from 0.8 (January 2010) to 11.9 mmol m− 2 d− 1 (April 2009) and CO2 diffusive flux ranged from - 10.6 (October 2009) to 38.2 mmol m− 2 d− 1 (April 2009). These values are comparable to other tropical reservoirs. Moreover, degassing fluxes at the outlet of the powerhouse downstream of the turbines were very low. The tentative annual carbon balance calculation indicates that this reservoir was a carbon source with an annual carbon export (atmosphere + downstream river) of about 2.2 ± 1.0 GgC yr− 1.The Nam Ngum Reservoir was impounded in 1971 without any significant biomass removal. Diffusive and degassing CO2 and CH4 fluxes were lower than for other tropical reservoirs. Particularly, CO2 diffusive fluxes were always negative with values ranging from - 21.2 (April 2009) to - 2.7 mmol m−2 d−1 (January 2010). CH4 diffusive flux ranged from 0.1 (October 2009) to 0.6 mmol m−2 d−1 (April 2009) and no degassing downstream of the turbines was measured. As a consequence of these low values, the reservoir was a carbon sink with an estimated annual uptake of - 53 ± 35 GgC yr−1. 相似文献
In the machine learning (ML) paradigm, data augmentation serves
as a regularization approach for creating ML models. The increase in the
diversification of training samples increases the generalization capabilities,
which enhances the prediction performance of classifiers when tested on
unseen examples. Deep learning (DL) models have a lot of parameters, and
they frequently overfit. Effectively, to avoid overfitting, data plays a major
role to augment the latest improvements in DL. Nevertheless, reliable data
collection is a major limiting factor. Frequently, this problem is undertaken
by combining augmentation of data, transfer learning, dropout, and methods
of normalization in batches. In this paper, we introduce the application of data
augmentation in the field of image classification using Random Multi-model
Deep Learning (RMDL) which uses the association approaches of multiDL to yield random models for classification. We present a methodology
for using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to generate images for
data augmenting. Through experiments, we discover that samples generated
by GANs when fed into RMDL improve both accuracy and model efficiency.
Experimenting across both MNIST and CIAFAR-10 datasets show that,
error rate with proposed approach has been decreased with different random
models. 相似文献
This article proposes and demonstrates a new classification system of fish population level effects of hydropeaking operations in rivers. The classification of impacts is developed along two axes; first, the hydromorphological effect axis assesses the ecohydraulic alterations in rivers introduced by rapid and frequent variations in flow and water level, second the vulnerability axis assesses the site-specific vulnerability of the fish population. Finally, the population level impact is classified into four classes from small to very large by combining the two axes. The system was tested in four rivers in Norway exposed to hydropeaking, and they displayed a range of outcomes from small to very large impacts on the salmon populations. The river with a relatively high base flow and ramping restrictions scored better than rivers with the lower base flow or limited ramping restrictions, indicating that hydropeaking effects can be mitigated while maintaining high hydropower flexibility. Most effect factors could easily be calculated from timeseries of discharge and water level, whereas the use of hydraulic models to estimate potential stranding areas may require more work. The vulnerability factors are mainly qualitative and depend more heavily on expert judgments and are thus more uncertain. The system was deemed suitable for the purpose of supporting management decisions for rivers exposed to hydropeaking operations. It evaluates the severity of the additional pressures due to hydropeaking operations and proved useful to identify mitigating measures. While the system was developed for Atlantic salmon river systems, it could be adapted to other species or systems. 相似文献
An increase in the demand for renewable energy is driving hydropower development and its integration with variable renewable energy sources. When hydropower is produced flexibly from hydropower plants, it causes rapid and frequent artificial flow fluctuations in rivers, a phenomenon known as hydropeaking. Hydropeaking and associated hydrological alterations cause multiple impacts on riverine habitats with cascading effects on ecosystem functioning and structure. Given the significance of its ecological and socio-economic implications, mitigation of hydropeaking requires an inter- and transdisciplinary approach. An interdisciplinary network called HyPeak has been conceived to enrich international research initiatives and support hydropower planning and policy. HyPeak has been founded based on exchange and networking activities linking scientists from several countries where hydropeaking has been widespread for decades and numerous studies dedicated to the topic have been carried out. HyPeak aims to integrate members from other countries and continents in which hydropower production plays a relevant role, and grow to be a reference group that provides expert advice on the topic to policy-makers, as well as researchers, stakeholders, and practitioners in the field of hydropeaking. 相似文献