HSDPA在亚洲3G真的来了?

HSDPA的度理论上最高达4.4M bit/s,但额的流量对无线接网络和空载传输容量要求有巨大影响。“3G的势头已经成为一个始终如一的主题。不过,正如我们所指出的,对3G手机的深刻领会并不总是伴随着对3G服务的持续理解。看上去高速下行包接入(HSDPA)技术可能是一个例外。它在欧洲发布,并且已经引起了人们浓厚的兴趣。看看它在亚洲的发展,我们不禁要问:它就是最终真正的3G吗?回首2002～2003年,HSDPA的部署看上去是一条漫长的道路,并且3GPP方面没有什么紧迫感,它的成员忙于应付WCDMA部署方面的复杂性。两件事的发生加速了HSDPA的部署:…     

Medication status of participants in psychopathology research: Selective review of current reporting practices.

The majority of Ss included in studies of psychopathology are typically receiving psychoactive medication. In view of concerns regarding the confounding effects of psychoactive medication, it appears that researchers should provide information regarding at least the drug status of the Ss studied. A review of the articles on adult psychopathology that appeared in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology during a 5-yr period, however, revealed that nearly 50% of reports on Ss presumably receiving psychoactive medications failed to specify the medication status of those Ss. Few studies (15%) provided adequate information regarding the types and dosages of psychoactive drugs received by the Ss. It is argued that researchers should provide a full report of the psychoactive drugs received by research participants and, when participants are unmedicated, to indicate the reasons for drug-free status. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermal design of district-heating distribution networks

The behaviour of a double-pipe arrangement, consisting of a hot supply pipe and a warm return pipe enclosed within a relatively cold, rectangular, air-filled trench was considered. The minimum rates of steady-state heat losses occurred with the supply and the return pipes at displacement ratios E_s = 0·45 and E_r = −0·38 respectively; the hot pipe being in the upper region and the warm pipe vertically below it. The pipes were symmetrically placed with respect to the side walls. There is an optimal separation of 11·4 mm ± 1·1 mm for the gap between the supply and the return pipes for the temperature ranges and component sizes employed. This interesting result agrees quantitatively with those from previous experimental studies, but its significance had not been realised previously. By employing this optimal arrangement, a reduction in the total rate of heat loss from the supply pipe was obtained compared with that from this pipe placed anywhere else in the enclosure, but with similar temperatures for the pipes and trench walls as in the optimal arrangement.     

Control of a Batch Processing Machine Serving Compatible Job Families

We consider the control of a single batch processing machine with random arrivals, random processing times, and compatible job families (jobs from different families may be processed together in the same batch, with the processing time distribution of the entire batch determined by the job family in the batch having the greatest expected processing time). The objective is to minimize the long-run average time that jobs spend in the system. We present properties possessed by the optimal policies and discuss the structure of these policies. We next develop a simple heuristic scheduling policy to control the machine. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our heuristic over a wide range of problem instances.     

Flat affect in schizophrenia does not reflect diminished subjective experience of emotion.

Although accorded historical significance, affective features of schizophrenia have only begun to receive systematic empirical attention. Interestingly, both early psychopathology writers and more recent investigators have reported frequent discrepancies between schizophrenics' feelings and outward expressions of emotion. Using a more comprehensive assessment of emotion, the present study examines the relationship between emotional experience and expression in a sample of medication-free schizophrenics. Compared with their normal counterparts, schizophrenics were indeed much less facially expressive of both positive and negative emotions during emotion-eliciting films, yet they reported experiencing as much positive and negative emotion. Therefore, the blunted affect typical of some schizophrenics misrepresents their underlying emotional experience. Future research into an inhibition hypothesis is recommended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Logistic regression analysis of twin data: estimation of parameters of the multifactorial liability-threshold model

This study with the rat evaluated the contribution of omega-conotoxin GVIA-(omega-CgTx) and verapamil-sensitive Ca2+ channels in behavioural, antinociceptive and thermoregulatory responses to intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of [D-Ala2,NMePhe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin (DAMGO), [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) and dynorphin A-(1-17), which are selective agonists for putative mu, delta and kappa-opioid receptors, respectively. The rats treated with omega-CgTx (8-32 pmol i.c.v.) showed transient, dose-dependent shaking behaviour, hyperalgesia and hypothermia which gradually disappeared within 4 h. The behaviour of the rats was normal by 24 h. Histological examination of brain sections showed morphological alterations of neurons in the hippocampus, medial-basal hypothalamus and pyriform cortex. antinociception, catalepsy and thermoregulatory responses elicited by DAMGO (0.4 and 2.0 nmol) were significantly prolonged and potentiated by verapamil (20 pmol i.c.v. 15 min before) or omega-CgTx (8 pmol 24 h before). Antinociception and hypothermia induced by DPDPE were antagonized by verapamil and omega-CgTx, whereas only omega-CgTx prevented the behavioural arousal observed after DPDPE. Similarly, hypothermia induced by dynorphin A-(1-17) (5.0 nmol) and by the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U50,488H (215 nmol) was antagonized by the two Ca2+ channel blockers but only omega-CgTx prevented the barrel rolling and bizarre postures caused by the opioid peptide.     

DYNAMIC TENSIONS IN FINITE OIL DROPLETS

In reacting systems, dynamic interfacial tension (IFT) values above 10-20 mN/m are often encountered. For such high tension values, infinitely long oil droplets will not be realised in spinning drop tensiometry. Hence, Vonnegut's solution will not be strictly valid. The experimentalist is then compelled to use one of the several alternative solution schemes proposed in the literature. We have obtained dynamic IFT data for 0.3125 mM oleic acid in hexadecane contacted with various NaOH solutions by the use of a novel experimental scheme called photo-micropendography. These tension values were then compared with spinning drop tensiometer data calculated by using three alternative solution schemes, namely, Vonnegut's method, the formula of Slattery and Chen and the analysis of Princen el al. The comparison showed that when the droplet's length/width ratio was below 2.5, Vonnegut's formula was severely in error. The solution scheme proposed by Slattery and Chen gave tension values close to those found by photo-micropendography over the entire range of IFT values exhibited by the oleic acid/caustic systems. However, the most consistent and reasonably accurate tension values resulted from the use of Table I in the paper by Princen, Zia and Mason. A simplified computer algorithm has been proposed for calculating dynamic interfacial tensions using the formulas and tables proposed by the latter authors. However, at length/width ratios above 2.5, the agreement between interfacial tensions determined by micropendography and spinning drop data calculated by the use of Vonnegut's solution was quite good.     

The nutritive value of protein isolates and fibres from meat industry by-products

Protein isolates extracted from rumen, lung and plasma by alkaline solubilisation were spun into protein fibres and were evaluated for protein quality by rat feeding trials and by amino acid analyses. The net protein utilisation (NPU) of the fibres ranged from 53·0 to 76·9 for plasma and rumen fibres respectively, methionine plus cystine and valine being limiting amino acids. Lysine was not found to be a limiting amino acid in any sample and lysine availability was high in isolates and fell only slightly on spinning. There was a marked discrepancy between chemical score and NPU for rumen isolate and it is postulated that an anti-nutritional factor, possibly a trypsin inhibitor, normally present in bovine organs, could be active in the isolate by lowering methionine availability to the animal and decreasing NPU. Spinning the proteins, however, either destroys the inhibitor or decreases its concentration since NPU and chemical score become equal.