Detection of dental abnormalities using SVM and PSVM

Landmarks needed for detecting dental abnormalities in cephalometric analysis were selected from the digital image, and the angle values needed for dental analysis were calculated and stored in a database which is used for developing training dataset. Principal component analysis was applied for dimension reduction to get the desired feature vectors which are trained and tested using support vector machine and proximal support vector machine classifier to detect the dental abnormalities, the performance of the classifiers were also compared.     

Automatic classification of Tamil documents using vector space model and artificial neural network

Automatic text classification based on vector space model (VSM), artificial neural networks (ANN), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Naives Bayes (NB) and support vector machine (SVM) have been applied on English language documents, and gained popularity among text mining and information retrieval (IR) researchers. This paper proposes the application of VSM and ANN for the classification of Tamil language documents. Tamil is morphologically rich Dravidian classical language. The development of internet led to an exponential increase in the amount of electronic documents not only in English but also other regional languages. The automatic classification of Tamil documents has not been explored in detail so far. In this paper, corpus is used to construct and test the VSM and ANN models. Methods of document representation, assigning weights that reflect the importance of each term are discussed. In a traditional word-matching based categorization system, the most popular document representation is VSM. This method needs a high dimensional space to represent the documents. The ANN classifier requires smaller number of features. The experimental results show that ANN model achieves 93.33% which is better than the performance of VSM which yields 90.33% on Tamil document classification.     

ARL1 and membrane traffic in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

To examine the functions of the Arf-like protein, Arl1p, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a null allele, arl1delta::HIS3, was constructed in two strains. In one background only, loss of ARL1 resulted in temperature-sensitive (ts) growth (suppressed on high-osmolarity media). Allelic variation at the SSD1 locus accounted for differences between strains. Strains lacking ARL1 exhibited several defects in membrane traffic. First, arl1delta strains secreted less protein as measured by TCA-precipitable radioactivity found in the media of [(35)S]-labelled cells. A portion of newly synthesized carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) was secreted rather than correctly targeted to the vacuole. Uptake of the fluid-phase marker, lucifer yellow, was reduced. All these phenotypes were exacerbated in an ssd1 background. The ts phenotype of the arl1deltassd1 strain was suppressed by YPT1, the yeast Rab1a homologue, suggesting that ARL1 and YPT1 have partially overlapping functions. These findings demonstrate that ARL1 encodes a regulator of membrane traffic.     

Finite horizon EOQ model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with price and advertisement dependent demand and partial backlogging under inflation

This paper deals with an economic order quantity (EOQ) model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with price and advertisement dependent demand pattern under the effect of inflation and time value of money over a finite planning horizon. In this model, shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The backlogging rate is dependent on the waiting time for the next replenishment. This paper aids the retailer in minimising the total inventory cost by finding the optimal interval and the optimal order quantity. An algorithm is designed to find the optimum solution of the proposed model. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the results. Also, the effect of changes in the different parameters on the optimal total cost is graphically presented and the implications are discussed in detail.     

A structural study on MFCl (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) and BaFX (X=Br, I)

Here we present the electronic band structure calculations of CaFCl, SrFCl, BaFCl, BaFBr and BaFI performed using tight binding linear muffin-tin orbital method. The calculated ground state properties namely the lattice parameters, bulk moduli and the pressure-volume relations were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The electronic band structure of these compounds were calculated at ambient as well as in the high pressure region. The band gap values of these insulating systems were calculated and compared with available experimental values. At high pressure these compounds exhibit the interesting phenomenon of band overlap metallization.     

Characteristics,Stability, and Release of Peanut Sprout Extracts in Powdered Microcapsules by Spray Drying

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of powdered microcapsules from peanut sprout extracts prepared by spray drying. The microcapsules were made from medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) as primary coating material and whey protein concentrate (WPC) or maltodextrin (MD) as selected secondary coating materials. The microcapsule studies conducted were microphotograph, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), particle size, moisture contents, sorption, zeta potential, storage stability, and in-vitro study. The surface of microcapsules coated with WPC were rough and smooth, and particle size ranged from 2.86 to 8.59 µm. An FT-IR study revealed that absorption bands at 1,537 and 1,657 cm^?1 of microcapsules can be attributed to the protein amide I and II bands of WPC overlapped by the conjugated C?C. The moisture content was 1.33% in the microcapsules coated with WPC. The moisture sorption increased until 18% at the 90% RH. The yield of peanut sprout extracts from microcapsules was 89.01%. In the in-vitro study, the microcapsules released 2.48 and 6.01% at pH 2.0 and 4.0, respectively, in simulated-gastric fluid, and 61.07 and 89.24% at pH 6.0 and 8.0, respectively, in simulated-intestinal fluid. The preservation rate of the microcapsules dropped down to 60.43% from 89.01% during six months of storage. The stability of peanut sprout extracts in the microcapsules was over 80% at 4 and 20°C during 10-day storage. The zeta-potential of microcapsules was stable with ?30 mV. Based on the data obtained from the present study, the powdered peanut-sprout-extract microcapsules coated with WPC exhibited high stability during storage. Therefore, the powdered microcapsules by spray drying may be useful as a functional ingredient.     

Multimodel decision support system for psychiatry problem

Psychological distress and disabilities are increasingly identified among general population. Psychiatrist availability in rural areas is poor and often general practitioners have to identify and treat psychiatric problems like depression and anxiety. This work proposes a method to identify the psychiatric problems among patients using multimodel decision support system. Backpropagation neural networks (BPNN), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and support vector machine (SVM) models are used to design the decision support system. Forty-four factors are considered for feature extraction. The features are collected from 400 patients and divided into four sets of equal size. Three sets of patient features are used to train the decision support system and one set of patient feature are used to evaluate performance of the system. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 98.75% for identifying the psychiatric problems.     

Influence of Different Cations on Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Pidan White and Yolk During Pickling and Aging

Effects of different cations on chemical composition and microstructure of pidan white and yolk were investigated. During 3 weeks of pickling and further 3 weeks of ageing, ammonia and ash contents were increased but varied with types of cations used. Lower protein degradation of pidan white was observed in pidan treated with 0.2% PbO₂, compared with other treatments. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies indicated that the greater aggregation of egg proteins took place in pidan white treated with PbO₂. Yolk of pidan treated with 0.2% PbO₂ had more release of free lipid as visualised by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).     

Physical properties of fcc lanthanum under pressure

We report here a theoretical calculation of band strucure and superconductivity in the fcc phase of lanthanum under pressure. The effect of pressure on the band structure is obtained by means of the linear muffintin orbital method. McMillan's formula is used to calculate the superconducting transition temperature (T _c). It is found that the value ofT _c increases continuously up to 17.8 GPa and then begins to decrease. The change in the slope ofT _c is attributed to the appearance of a new piece of Fermi surface. The calculated values ofT _c are compared with the available experimental data.     

Nanoparticle-filled silane films as chromate replacements for aluminum alloys

Silane surface treatments have been developed as an alternative for toxic and carcinogenic chromate-based treatments for years. It is consistently observed that ultra-thin silane films offer excellent corrosion protection as well as paint adhesion to metals. The silane performance is comparable to, or in some cases better than, that of chromate layers. The most recent studies also showed that the silane films can be thickened and strengthened by loading of a small amount of nanoparticles such as silica and alumina into the films resulting in enhanced corrosion protection of aluminum alloys.