Computerized IR Determination of Structural Group Composition for High-Boiling Oil Fractions

A computerized form is given of IR spectral determination for structural group composition in high-boiling oil fractions by Berthold's method (7 structural elements) and Kuklinskii's method (28 structural elements), which reduces the analysis time by factors of 3–4 and improves the accuracy.     

Thermal cracking of acid tars to asphalts as a process for utilization of refinery wastes

The feasibility of manufacture of asphaltic materials by means of the thermal cracking of acid tars was shown and a corresponding bench-scale unit was designed. The dependence of the viscosity characteristics of the obtained compositions on the temperature and time of the process was examined using the penetration technique.     

Thin-film cracking of acid tars

The method of thin-film thermal cracking of acid tar to manufacture liquid fuel and coke or liquid fuel and asphaltic binders has been developed. Differential thermal analysis of acid tar samples has been performed. A model of the thin-layer thermal cracking of acid tar and an algorithm for calculating the engineering parameters of the process have been proposed.     

Insulating Oil for Underwater Oil Production Equipment

The problem of using electric insulating oils in underwater oil production equipment is examined. The results of comparative studies of the physicochemical and insulating properties and thermooxidative stability of domestic and foreign oils of this class are presented.     

Use of gas chromatography to monitor product quality in dewaxing

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 4, pp. 37–38, April, 1988.     

Group analysis of acid tars

A unique procedure for systematic group analysis of heavy petroleum products was developed and exemplified by acid tars as a type of refinery waste. Unlike the presently known procedures of analysis of crude petroleum and petroleum products, an advantage of this method is the successive complete separation of petroleum refining products into components by extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus followed by the adsorption of some components. The procedure makes it possible to determine the fractional group composition of a representative sample of acid tar from one of the storage ponds in the Nizhni Novgorod oblast.     

Hydrotreating of vacuum gas oil on modified Ni–Mo/Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> catalysts

The effect of the introduction of P₂O₅ into Ni–Mo/Al₂O₃ catalysts on their activity in the hydrotreating of vacuum gas oil has been studied. As the support, γ-Al₂O₃ prepared from aluminum hydroxide AlOOH powder of the TH-100 brand (Sasol) has been used. The catalytic properties of the catalysts obtained have been examined in the hydrotreating of vacuum gas oil in a continuous-flow unit under hydrogen pressure. The amounts of sulfur and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbon group composition, and the carbon residue of the feedstock and the hydrotreating product have been determined. The catalysts after testing have been studied using differential thermal analysis in combination with thermogravimetry (DTA–TGA); the influence of the amount of the modifier on the catalytic activity and coking of the catalysts has been shown.     

Rheological Properties of Russian Crude Oil

Russia has 7.2 billion tons of difficult to produce, high-viscosity (over 30) crude oils. The reserves of these crudes are concentrated in 267 fields [1]. The Russian field located within the Polar circle — in the Gas Region of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District in Tyumen Oblast', is one of the largest. This field, opened in 1968, has total crude oil reserves of up to 1.5 billion tons. Its industrial exploitation has not yet begun.