离子液体用于燃料油深度脱硫的研究进展

首先介绍了加氢催化脱硫和其他脱硫技术的特点,综述了近年来国内外利用离子液体在萃取脱硫、萃取脱硫与氧化脱硫耦合、萃取脱硫与生物脱硫耦合等方面的研究。认为离子液体萃取脱硫具有操作简便、可循环使用、无需氢气、环境友好、能深度脱硫等特点,是一项具有广阔发展前景的技术。若要实现该技术的工业化应用,还需进一步加强离子液体在合成工艺、脱硫选择性及回收再生等方面的研究。     

SDS对溶菌酶溶液乳化作用的影响研究

本文研究了溶菌酶（Lysozyme）溶液中加入SDS8以后对正辛烷乳化作用的变化规律，结合FTIR的测定结果，从结构万面解释了蛋白质乳化作用变化的原因．     

不同硫源对小球诺卡氏菌R-9生长和脱硫活性的影响

用氯化钡沉淀结合傅里叶变换红外光谱法，证明小球诺卡氏菌（Nocardia globerula）R-9从二苯并噻吩中脱除的含硫产物以硫酸盐的形式存在于水相.比较了R-9分别以二苯并噻吩、硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜作为惟一硫源时的生长和脱硫活性.结果表明，二苯并噻吩、硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜均可以作为R-9的生长硫源，且高浓度（25 mmol•L^-1）硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜对细胞的生长不产生抑制作用.2 mmol•L^-1左右的硫酸钠或二甲基亚砜作为硫源时培养的细胞脱硫活性最高.提高硫源和碳源浓度可以提高R-9在发酵罐中的比生长速率和细胞浓度(OD600).     

吸附法脱除芳香含硫化合物的研究进展

吸附法可以脱除加氢汽油、柴油中的芳香含硫化合物,是超低硫油品的一种具有工业前景的脱硫方法.详细介绍了分子筛吸附剂、氧化物吸附剂、络合吸附剂、分子印迹吸附剂和化学吸附吸附剂等的设计、再生的最新研究进展.吸附脱硫目前的主要问题在于对硫化物的吸附选择性低和再生与重复使用效果不好.     

离子液体修饰超顺磁性纳米颗粒用于青霉素G酰化酶固定化(英文)

Functionalized ionic liquids containing ethyoxyl groups were synthesized and immobilized on magnetic silica nanoparticles(MSNP) prepared by two steps,i.e.,Fe3O4 synthesis and silica shell growth on the surface.This magnetic nanoparticle supported ionic liquid(MNP-IL) were applied in the immobilization of penicillin G acylase(PGA).The MSNPs and MNP-ILs were characterized by the means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results showed that the average size of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and MSNPs were ~10 and ~90 nm,respectively.The saturation magnetizations of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and MNP-ILs were 63.7 and 26.9 A?m2?kg?1,respectively.The MNP-IL was successfully applied in the immobilization of PGA.The maximum amount of loaded enzyme was about 209 mg?g?1(based on carrier),and the highest enzyme activity of immobilized PGA(based on ImPGA) was 261 U?g?1.Both the amount of loaded enzyme and the activity of ImPGA are at the same level of or higher than that in previous reports.After 10 consecutive operations,ImPGA still main-tained 62% of its initial activity,indicating the good recovery property of ImPGA activity.The ionic liquid modified magnetic particles integrate the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 and the structure-tunable properties of ionic liquids,and have extensive potential uses in protein immobilization and magnetic bioseparation.This work may open up a novel strategy to immobilize proteins by ionic liquids.     

由锌锰硫酸溶液三相萃取锌锰离子

以P204煤油溶液(油相,O)、PEG 10000水溶液(水相1,W1)及锌锰离子的硫酸铵盐溶液(水相2,W2)构建三相萃取体系(O-W1-W2),将其对锌锰离子的萃取效率与传统溶剂萃取[O-W'2(锌锰硫酸溶液)]和双水相萃取(W1-W2)作了比较. 结果表明,加入KSCN后,三相体系能有效地一步分离锌锰离子. 将SCN-/Zn2+摩尔比由10增大至60,W1相只富集Zn2+,且Zn2+总的萃取率(90%)高于O-W'2(52.8%)和W1-W2(86.2%),O相对Mn2+的萃取率(28%)高于O-W1(10.2%).     

提纯工业级α-淀粉酶:反胶团萃取的一个实际应用

实验研究了使用阳离子表面活性剂Aliquat336与异辛烷构成的反胶团溶液，通过液－液萃取方式纯化工业级α-淀粉酶的过程．当使用的反胶团溶液组成为Aliquat336／isooctane／1％（V／V）n－butanol时，实验发现纯化工业级α-淀粉酶的最佳条件：水相组成为30mmol／L，pH10，或酶，萃取时间为1min；反萃液组成为30mmol／L，pH6，反萃时间为3min在此条件下，通过萃取循环能够达到纯化工业级α-淀粉酶的目的，经过一个萃取与反萃循环后，α-淀粉酶的比活提高1．5倍，酶活回收率达85％与此同时，工业级α-淀粉酶中所含的中性蛋白酶活回收率只有10％，而且其比活降低了近7倍。α-淀粉酶与中性蛋白酶间的分离系数能达10左右．     

间歇反应器内固定化酶催化反应过程的模拟

<正>多孔载体固定化酶催化反应技术具有许多优点,在工业生产中的应用日益增多。大多数酶在固定化后,由于酶构象改变、分配效应和扩散限制等的影响,反应速率有所下降,其稳定性等亦发生变化。如何测定和定量表征这些性态,对酶催化反应器的设计和操作十分重要。     

Investigation of Three-liquid-phase Extraction Systems for Simultaneous Separation of Emodin and Rhein

Several three-liquid-phase extraction systems comprised of organic extractant,polymer and salt aqueous solution were applied to isolate and purify simulated herbal extract containing emodin and rhein.Some influential factors on the partitioning behaviors were studied.The results revealed that extractant type and solution pH value were crucial factors for improving the separation performance.The optimal separation results were obtained at pH 8.00 with methyl isobutyl ketone as the extractant,10%（ω） polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight 4000 Da,and 10%（ω） ammonium sulphate.Under the optimized conditions,95%emodin and 97%rhein were simultaneously extracted into the organic phase and polymer-rich phase from simulated herbal solution with the initial concentration of 100×l0^-6（ω）,respectively,and their separation factor of over 10000 was achieved.By adjusting pH value,back extraction rate of both emodin and rhein could be up to about 99%.With the assistance of molecular simulation program XLOGP3 and molecular orbital package,the possible mechanism of extraction was analyzed,and hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen-bonding interaction might be the major driving forces affecting the partitioning behaviors of emodin and rhein.