反应条件对铱基催化剂催化甲醇羰基化反应产物的影响

研究了在IrCl3.nH2O,H2IrCl6.nH2O催化甲醇羧基化反应中一氧化碳分压，反应温度，溶剂等条件对反应产物的影响，实验结果表明，反应温度保持不变的条件下 ，随着一氧化碳分压的增高，生成二甲醚的选择性降低，而乙酸和乙酸甲酯的选择性增加；在CO分压保持不变的条件下，随着反应温度升高，生成乙酸的选择性略有增加，在反应温度和CO分压保持不变的条件下，使用甲苯作溶剂，乙酸的选择性大大提高，可达86％，而没有二甲醚生成。     

基于Qt4/VS2010平台的自动测试系统

主要研究Qt4和Microsoft Visual Studio 2010作为平台的自动测试工具的开发,分析软件需求和实现方法.针对测试软件所涉及的数据处理流程,详细介绍了实现方法和步骤,并对不同的功能模块加以分析,完成软件设计和开发,最终实现了提出的自动化测试的需求.     

Identification of a Plastid-Localized Bifunctional Nerolidol/Linalool Synthase in Relation to Linalool Biosynthesis in Young Grape Berries

Monoterpenoids are a diverse class of natural products and contribute to the important varietal aroma of certain Vitis vinifera grape cultivars. Among the typical monoterpenoids, linalool exists in almost all grape varieties. A gene coding for a nerolidol/linalool (NES/LINS) synthase was evaluated in the role of linalool biosynthesis in grape berries. Enzyme activity assay of this recombinant protein revealed that it could convert geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate into linalool and nerolidol in vitro, respectively, and thus it was named VvRILinNer. However, localization experiment showed that this enzyme was only localized to chloroplasts, which indicates that VvRILinNer functions in the linalool production in vivo. The patterns of gene expression and linalool accumulation were analyzed in the berries of three grape cultivars (“Riesling”, “Cabernet Sauvignon”, “Gewurztraminer”) with significantly different levels of monoterpenoids. The VvRILinNer was considered to be mainly responsible for the synthesis of linalool at the early developmental stage. This finding has provided us with new knowledge to uncover the complex monoterpene biosynthesis in grapes.     

桌布法结合极化投影地图法剖析葵花籽油香味特征

目的 研究中国市场上以及不同炒籽条件制得的葵花籽油感官特性,剖析葵花籽油香气特点并划分香气类型。方法 联合使用桌布法（Napping）和 极化投影地图（Polarized Projective Mapping,PPM）等剖析了19款小试加工工艺生产的自制以及7款市售的商品等26款葵花籽油的香味特征。结果 （1）经过培训的评价小组使用Napping和PPM方法均可以快速、良好地对多款葵花籽油样品进行评价;（2）PPM方法可以获得与Napping方法相似的结果,26款样品均被分为4种香型,主要特点依次为生瓜子、甜香（炒瓜子）、焦糊和油炸方便面;（3）在PPM实验中,评价员能够将样品进行更精细的区分。结论 Napping和PPM这两种新型感官分析方法在评价葵花籽油香气方面有良好的适用性,建立了葵花籽油描述词库,并将葵花籽油分为生瓜子型、甜香型（炒瓜子）、焦糊型和油炸方便面型等四种香气类型,可为葵花籽油等植物油产品开发、技术改进及质量评价等提供参考。     

基于模糊数学法和响应面法优化藜麦发酵浓浆发酵工艺

目的研究五台山藜麦发酵浓浆达到最佳感官品质时的发酵工艺。方法以藜麦酶解液为发酵基质,选用植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌按一定比例混合进行混菌发酵,在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面分析方法,考察接种量、发酵时间、菌种比例3因素对感官品质的影响,以感官评分为响应值确定最优发酵工艺参数。为避免感官评价方法的主观性和片面性,采用模糊数学法得到各样品感官评分。结果经Design-Expert V8.0.6软件对结果进行分析,确定藜麦发酵浓浆生产的最优工艺参数为:接种量2.83%,发酵时间10.04 h,菌种比例2.08:1。在此优化条件下得到的藜麦发酵浓浆最终感官得分为92.5分,与模型预测值基本相符。结论响应面试验设计可用于藜麦发酵浓浆发酵工艺优化。藜麦发酵浓浆组织状态良好,酸味爽口且口感细腻爽滑,满足人们对其感官品质的需求。     

One-step implementation of a multi-target-qubit controlled phase gate in a multi-resonator circuit QED system

Circuit quantum electrodynamics system composed of many qubits and resonators may provide an excellent way to realize large-scale quantum information processing (QIP). Because of key role for large-scale QIP and quantum computation, multi-qubit gates have drawn intensive attention recently. Here, we present a one-step method to achieve a multi-target-qubit controlled phase gate in a multi-resonator system, which possesses a common control qubit and multiple different target qubits distributed in their respective resonators. Noteworthily, the implementation of this multi-qubit phase gate does not require classical pulses, and the gate operation time is independent of the number of qubits. Besides, the proposed scheme can in principle be adapted to a general type of qubits like natural atoms, quantum dots, and solid-state qubits (e.g., superconducting qubits and NV centers).     

虾过敏原Troponin C (Pen m6)的克隆表达、免疫学鉴定及生物信息学分析

目的对斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)第6组过敏原(Pen m6),肌钙蛋白C(Troponin C)进行克隆表达、免疫学鉴定并研究其生物学意义。方法提取斑节对虾总RNA;根据Gen Bank:HM034316.1设计引物及构建表达载体PET-24a-Pen m6;转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行表达;纯化后的重组Pen m6用Western bolt来鉴定免疫学特性;用生物信息学相关工具对Pen m6进行同源性分析,并预测其蛋白质的结构和功能。结果克隆出斑节对虾Pen m6基因开放阅读框453 bp,编码150个氨基酸。重组Pen m6蛋白呈可溶性,分子量约35kDa,能够与斑节对虾过敏患者血清IgE结合。斑节对虾与凡纳滨对虾亲缘关系比较近,其中斑节对虾Pen m6蛋白与凡纳滨对虾Troponin C1(gb|AET36896.1|)同源性为98%。理化性质预测Pen m6蛋白质不稳定。蛋白质结构预测结果显示Pen m6的结构主要以α螺旋组成。T细胞抗原表位预测得到4个肽序列(15~23、35~43、91~99、112~120)。B细胞抗原表位预测得到4个肽序列(7~16、21~30、28~37、58~67)。结论克隆的重组斑节对虾Pen m6蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,为进一步研究斑节对虾过敏原的结构成分及其理化性质奠定理论基础。     

江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂应用情况调查及对策

目的了解南京市江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂的应用情况及火锅店采购人员和顾客对食品添加剂的认识,提出相关对策,为相关部门采取积极有效的措施提供理论依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法抽取江宁区20家火锅店,并对这20家火锅店食品添加剂的使用情况进行调查。同时使用自制问卷调查表调查火锅店采购人员对食品添加剂的认知情况,并采用分层整群抽样的方法调查300名消费者对食品添加剂的认知情况。结果南京市江宁地区火锅店锅底食品添加剂在调味品中的应用较为普遍。食品安全等级较低,规模较小及平均消费较低的火锅店底料中食品添加量较多;采购人员及普通消费对食品添加剂的普遍认识一般。结论相关部门应加强对火锅店的监管,采取积极有效的措施,提高火锅店采购人员及消费者对食品添加剂的认知程度。     

耐高温降滤失剂AMPS／AM／IA共聚物的合成及表征

以2－丙烯酰胺基－2－甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）,丙烯酰胺（AM和衣康酸（IA）为基本原料,合成了AMPS／AM／IA三元共聚物降滤失剂,通过正交设计实验,确定了共聚物的合成条件为反应温度55度,引发剂用量0．1％,反应时间6h,单体配比AMPS：AM：IA＝30：60：10,采用红外光谱和差热分析法表征了共聚物的组成特征及其热稳定性。     

Formation of NOx precursors during the pyrolysis of coal and biomass. Part V. Pyrolysis of a sewage sludge

A sewage sludge sample from a wastewater treatment plant in China was pyrolysed in a fluidised-bed/fixed-bed reactor and in a fluidised-bed/tubular reactor. HCN was found to be the main NO_x precursor, representing up to about 80% of the nitrogen present in the sludge. The thermal cracking of volatiles is the main route of HCN formation. NH₃ was also an important NO_x precursor formed during the pyrolysis of the sewage sludge. The experimental results indicate that there are at least two distinctive stages of NH₃ formation during the pyrolysis of the sewage sludge at a fast heating rate. The formation of NH₃ at temperatures lower than 400-500 °C is at least partly due to the amino structures in the sludge. The reactions of volatiles in the gas phase make negligible contributions to the observed NH₃ yield.